View source for Édouard Belin

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2014}}
[[File:Édouard Belin Anefo.jpg|thumb|Édouard Belin]]
[[File:Édouard Belin et son appareil téléphotographique.jpg|thumb|Édouard Belin receiving a telegraph]]
[[File:Portrait Édouard Belin (2).jpg|thumb|Early portrait of Édouard Belin]]
[[File:Belinograph BEP-2V - MfK Bern.jpg|thumb|Belinograph BEP2V wirephoto machine from 1953]]
'''Édouard Belin''' (5 March 1876 – 4 March 1963) was a French photographer and inventor. In  1907 Belin invented a phototelegraphic apparatus called the [[belinograph|Bélinographe]] (télestéréographe)—a system for receiving [[photographs]] over telephone wires via telegraphic networks.<ref name="Wheeler1908">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bpLPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA436|title=Current Literature: 1908|author=Edward Jewitt Wheeler|publisher=Current Literature Publishing Company|year=1908|pages=436–437|chapter=Picture Telegraphy on an Entirely Novel Principle|accessdate=2 July 2014}}</ref>
Belin's invention had been used for journalistic photos since 1914, and the process was improved by 1921 to enable transmission of images by [[radio waves]].<ref name="Corporation1921">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aSoDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA21|title=Popular Science|author=Wilfred S. Ogden|date=December 1921|publisher=Bonnier Corporation|pages=21–22|chapter=How the World's First Wireless News-Picture Was Flashed Across the Atlantic Ocean, Paris get President Harding's portrait in twenty minutes|journal=The Popular Science Monthly|issn=0161-7370|accessdate=2 July 2014}}</ref>
From 1926, Belin worked on a television apparatus. In 1926, with Holweg, he tested the capacity for the eye to perceive pictures proposed at a very high speed, using a mirror drum.<ref>"[https://www.histv.net/impact-de-la-roue-a-miroir-1920-194 L'impact de la roue à miroirs 1920-1929"], Site [https://www.histv.net Histoire de la télévision]</ref>
Belin was born in [[Vesoul]], [[Haute-Saône]], France, and died, aged 86, in [[Territet]], [[Canton of Vaud]], Switzerland.
== Bélinographe ==
In this apparatus, the transmitter traverses the original image point by point.  At each point a measurement of light intensity{{clarify|reason=reflected light intensity?|date=April 2012}} is made with an [[electric eye]]. The measurement is conveyed to the receiver. There, a variable intensity light source reproduces the light measured by the electric eye, while carrying out same displacements exactly. By doing this, it exposes the photographic paper and makes it possible to obtain a copy of the original image.
Other scientists such as [[Arthur Korn]] had also been developing technology to transmit images over long distances.<ref>{{cite journal|date=September 1953|editor1-last=Solbert|editor1-first=Oscar N.|editor2-last=Newhall|editor2-first=Beaumont|editor3-last=Card|editor3-first=James G.|title=Photos by Wire|url=http://image.eastmanhouse.org/files/GEH_1953_02_06.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=Image, Journal of Photography of George Eastman House|location=Rochester, N.Y.|publisher=International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House Inc.|volume=2|issue=6|page=35|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714234752/http://image.eastmanhouse.org/files/GEH_1953_02_06.pdf|archivedate=14 July 2014|accessdate=26 June 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
Modern [[telecopiers]] and [[photocopiers]] use the same principle. With these devices, the source light intensity sensor was replaced by a CMOS sensor. The destination device that makes the photographic impression is based on either light or laser technology.
== Legacy ==
Belin gave his name to a high school of [[Vesoul]], [[Haute-Saône]], France.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090220132559/http://missiontice.ac-besancon.fr/lycee_edouard_belin/ Lycée Edouard Belin]. missiontice.ac-besancon.fr</ref>
==See also==
* [[Display resolution]]
* [[Fax]]
* [[Gamma correction]]
* [[Image scanner]]
* {{section link|Telegraphy|Facsimile}}
* [[Telerecording]] (UK)
* [[Wirephoto]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.histv.net/belin Comprehensive bibliography of texts by or about Edouard Belin]
* [http://todayinsci.com/B/Belin_Edouard/Belinogram1921-NYT.htm Radio Reproduces Note Across Ocean, 5 August 1921, from Today in Science History]
* [http://faxauthority.com/edouard-belin Edouard Belin – Fax and Belinographe Inventor at FaxAuthority.com]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Belin, Edouard}}
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Vesoul]]
[[Category:20th-century French inventors]]
[[Category:Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Telegraph engineers and inventors]]