View source for 150 personae non gratae of Turkey

{{Short description|1924 list of banished Ottoman royalty and elite}}
{{Italic title|string=personae non gratae}}
The '''150 ''[[persona non grata|personae non gratae]]'' of Turkey''' ({{langx|tr|Yüzellilikler|lit=Hundred-and-fiftyers}})<ref>Boyar, Ebru, and Kate Fleet. “A Dangerous Axis: The ‘Bulgarian Müftü’, the Turkish Opposition and the Ankara Government, 1928–36.” Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 44, no. 5, Taylor & Francis, Ltd., 2008, pp. 775–89 at 778, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40262615.</ref> is a list of high-ranking personages of the [[Ottoman Empire]] who were exiled from the [[Republic of Turkey]] shortly after the end of the [[Turkish War of Independence]] with the [[Armistice of Mudanya]] on 11 October 1922. The [[List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire|Sultanate]] [[Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate|was abolished]] by the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] in Angora ([[Ankara]]) on 1 November 1922, and the last Ottoman Sultan, [[Mehmed VI]], was declared ''[[persona non grata]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mehmed VI: Ottoman sultan|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mehmed-VI#ref264244}}</ref> Leaving [[Ottoman Constantinople|Istanbul]] aboard the British [[warship]] [[HMS Malaya|HMS ''Malaya'']] on 17 November 1922, he was sent into exile and died in [[Sanremo]], Italy, on 16 May 1926.
The list was created on 23 April 1924, by the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]], and revised on 1 June 1924.<ref>TERZIĆ, FARUK. “The Problematic of Prophethood and Miracles: Muṣṭafā Ṣabrī’s Response.” Islamic Studies, vol. 48, no. 1, Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 2009, pp. 5–33 at 8, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20839152.</ref> By targeting the former Imperial ruling-elite, it reaffirmed the political and cultural break between the Empire and the Republic. The preliminary list contained 600 individuals, negotiated down to its final form of 150 with the [[Treaty of Lausanne]].
== List ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ [[House of Osman]] and the Imperial Court
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 1 || Kiraz Hamdi ||[[Aide-de-camp]] of Sultan
|-
|| 2 || Zeki ||[[General officer|General]] Hademe-i Hassa
|-
|| 3 || Kayserili Şaban Ağa ||Hazine-i Hassa Müfettişi (Ottoman Central Depot inspector)
|-
|| 4 || Şükrü Tütüncübaşı ||
|-
|| 5 || Şerkarin Yaver ||
|-
|| 6 || Miralay Tahir ||
|-
|| 7 || Seryaver Avni ||Naval minister
|-
|| 8 || Refik || former Hazine-i Hassa Müdürü and Defter-i Hakani Emini
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ [[Imperial Government of the Ottoman Empire|Imperial Government]]
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|-
|| 9 || [[Mustafa Sabri|Ürgüplü Mustafa Sabri Efendi]] || former [[Sheikh ul-Islam]]
|-
|| 10 || Ali Rüşdi || [[Justice minister|Minister of Justice]]
|-
|| 11 || Cemal Artin || Minister of [[Agriculture]] and [[Trade]]
|-
|| 12 || Cakacı Hamdi Pasha || former Minister of the [[Turkish Naval Forces|Navy]]
|-
|| 13 || [[Rumbeyoğlu Fahreddin Bey|Rumbeyoğlu Fahrettin]] || former [[Education minister|Minister of Education]] and Minister of Justice
|-
|| 14 || Kızılhançerli Remzi || former [[Minister of Agriculture]] and Trade
|-
|| 15 || [[Mehmed Hâdî Pasha|Hâdi Pasha]] || General & signer of [[Treaty of Sèvres]]
|-
|| 16 || [[Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı]] || former President of [[Council of State (Ottoman Empire)|Council of State]] & signer of [[Treaty of Sèvres]]
|-
|| 17 || [[Reşat Halis]] || former Ottoman Ambassador to Switzerland & signer of [[Treaty of Sèvres]]
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]]
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 18 || [[Süleyman Şefik Pasha]] || [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]] [[Commander-in-chief|Commander In Chief]]
|-
|| 19 || Bulgar Tahsin || [[Cavalry]] [[Captain]] ([[adjutant]] of Şefik Pasha)
|-
|| 20 || [[Ahmet Refik]] || [[Colonel]] in [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]], Chief of the general staff
|-
|| 21 || Tarık Mümtaz || Commander of [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]] Mitralyöz and adjutant of [[Damat Mehmet Adil Ferit Pasha|Damat Ferit Pasha]]
|-
|| 22 || Ali Nadir Pasha || [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]], [[Commander]] of [[İzmir]] [[Army corps|Army Corps]]
|-
|| 23 || Kaymakam Fettah || [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]] & member of the [[Istanbul trials of 1919–1920|Ottoman Special Military Tribunal]]
|-
|| 24 || Çopur Hakkı || [[Kuva-i İnzibatiye]] member
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Governors ([[Wali (administrative title)|vali]]) of the [[subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire|provinces of the Ottoman Empire]] (''[[vilayet]]'')
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 25 || [[Gümülcineli İsmail]]|| former [[governor]] of [[Bursa]]
|-
|| 26 || Konyalı Mehmed Zeynelabidin ||
|-
|| 27 || Fanizade Mes'ud || former Cebelibereket ([[Osmaniye]]) [[Mutasarrif|Mutasarrıf]]
|-
|| 28 || [[Miralay Sadık]]|| [[Freedom and Accord Party]] leader
|-
|| 20 || Bedirhani Halil Râmi || former [[Malatya]] Mutasarrıf
|-
|| 30 || Giritli Hüsnü || former Mutasarrıf of [[Manisa]]
|-
|| 31 || [[Mustafa Yamulki|Nemrud Mustafa]]|| former Judge of the [[Istanbul trials of 1919–1920|Ottoman Special Military Tribunal]]
|-
|| 32 || Hulusi || former Mayor of [[Uşak]]
|-
|| 33 || Hain Mustafa || former District-Governor of [[Adapazarı]]
|-
|| 34 || Hafız Ahmet || former Müftü of [[Tekirdağ]]
|-
|| 35 || Sâbit || former [[Mutasarrif|Mutasarrıf]] of [[Afyonkarahisar]]
|-
|| 36 || Celâl Kadri || former Mutasarrıf of [[Gaziantep]]
|-
|| 37 || Adanalı Zeynelabidin || Freedom and Accord Party Secretary General
|-
|| 38 || Vasfi Hoca || former [[Ministry of Evkaf|Minister of Evkaf]]
|-
|| 39 || Damat [[Ali Galip]] || former Governor of [[Harput]]
|-
|| 40 || Ömer Fevzi || Müftü of [[Bursa]]
|-
|| 41 || Aziz Nuri || former assistant Governor of [[Bursa]]
|-
|| 42 || Ahmet Asım || İzmir [[Kadi (Ottoman Empire)|Kadı]] Müşaviri
|-
|| 43 || Nâtık || former [[Istanbul]] Muhafızı
|-
|| 44 || Âdil || former [[Interior minister|Minister of the Interior]]
|-
|| 45 || [[Mehmet Ali Bey]] || former Minister of the Interior
|-
|| 46 || Salim Mirimiran || former Governor and Deputy Mayor of [[Edirne]]
|-
|| 47 || Hoca Raish-zâde İbrahim || Mutasarrıf for the [[Greeks]] in [[Kütahya]]
|-
|| 48 || Abdurrahman || Governor of [[Adana]] during the [[Franco-Turkish War]]
|-
|| 49 || Ömer Fevzi || member of parliament from [[Şarkikarahisar]]
|-
|| 50 || Adil || [[Mülazım]], known as "[[torture]]r"
|-
|| 51 || Refik || Mülazım, known as "torturer"
|-
|| 52 || Şerif || former [[Kırkağaç]] [[Kaymakam]]
|-
|| 53 || Mahmut Mahir || former [[Çanakkale]] Mutasarrıf
|-
|| 54 || Emin || former Commander of Central İstanbul
|-
|| 55 || Sadullah Sami || former [[Kilis]] [[Kaymakam]]
|-
|| 56 || Osman Nuri || former Mutasarrıf of [[Bolu]] and former [[Barrister]] at the Interior Ministry
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Çerkes Ethem and accomplices
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 57 || [[Çerkes Ethem]]  ||
|-
|| 58 || Reşit || brother of Çerkes Ethem
|-
|| 59 || Tevfik || brother of Çerkes Ethem
|-
|| 60 || Eşref Kuşçubaşı  ||[[Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)|Special Organization]] leader
|-
|| 61 || Hacı Sami || brother of Eşref Kuşçubaşı
|-
|| 62 || İzmirli Küçük Ethem || captainformer [[Akhisar]] Kaymakamı
|-
|| 63 || Düzceli Mehmet oğlu Sami  ||
|-
|| 64 || Burhaniyeli Halil İbrahim  ||
|-
|| 65 || Demirkapılı Hacı Ahmet || from [[Susurluk]]
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Participant envoys to Çerkes Kongresi
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 66 || Bağ Osman || from Sümbüllü village, [[Hendek]]
|-
|| 67 || İbrahim Hakkı || former [[İzmit]] [[Mutasarrif|Mutasarrıfı]]
|-
|| 68 || Sait Beraev  ||
|-
|| 69 || Tahir Berzek  ||
|-
|| 70 || Maan Şirin || from Harmantepe village, [[Adapazarı]]
|-
|| 71 || Hüseyin Kocaömeroğlu || from Teke village, Söke Ereğlisi
|-
|| 72 || Bağ Kamil || from Talustanbey village, [[Adapazarı]]
|-
|| 73 || Hamete Ahmet  ||
|-
|| 74 || Maan Ali  ||
|-
|| 75 || Harun Reşit || from Karaosman village, Kirmastı
|-
|| 76 || Eskişehirli Hızır Hoca  ||
|-
|| 77 || İsa || son of Bigalı Nuri Bey
|-
|| 78 || Kazım || from [[Şahinbey]] village, [[Adapazarı]]
|-
|| 79 || Lampaz Yakup || from [[Tuzakçı]] village, [[Gönen]]
|-
|| 80 || Kumpat Hafız Sait || from [[Bayramiç]] village, [[Gönen]]
|-
|| 81 || former major Ahmet || from [[Keçeler]] village, [[Gönen]]
|-
|| 82 || Sait || [[Barrister]] from [[İzmir]]
|-
|| 83 || Şamlı Ahmet Nuri  ||
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Police officers
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 84 || Tahsin || former Director of [[Istanbul]] [[Police]]
|-
|| 85 || Kemal || former assistant director of [[Istanbul]] Police
|-
|| 86 || Ispartalı Kemal || assistant director of Public Safety
|-
|| 87 || Hafız Sait || former Chief Officer of Istanbul Police Department First Section
|-
|| 88 || Şeref || former First Branch Manager of Istanbul Police Department
|-
|| 89 || Hacı Kemal || former [[Arnavutköy]] Central Officer
|-
|| 90 || Namık || Polis Başmemurlarından{{Clarification needed|date=October 2024}}
|-
|| 91 || Nedim || Commisar of [[Şişli]]
|-
|| 92 || Fuat || former İzmit Central Officer, Director of [[Edirne]] Police and [[Yalova]] Kaymakam
|-
|| 93 || Yolgeçenli Yusuf || police officer in [[Adana]]
|-
|| 94 || Sakallı Cemil || former [[Unkapanı]] Central Officer
|-
|| 95 || Mazlum || former [[Büyükdere, Istanbul|Büyükdere]] Central Officer
|-
|| 96 || Fuat || former [[Beyoğlu]] Second Commissar
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Journalists
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 97 || [[Mevlanzade Rifat Bey]] || owner of ''[[Serbestî]]'' & member of [[Freedom and Accord Party]]
|-
|| 98 || Sait Molla || owner of ''[[Istanbul Gazetesi]]'', printed in Turkish
|-
|| 99 || İzmirli Hafız İsmail || owner and former editor of ''[[Müsavat Gazetesi]]'' & member of Darülhikmet
|-
|| 100 || [[Refik Halit Karay]] || owner of ''[[Aydede (magazine)|Aydede]]'' & former Director General of the Post and Telegraph Ministry
|-
|| 101 || Bahriyeli Ali Kemal || owner of ''[[Bandırma Adalet Gazetesi]]''
|-
|| 102 || Neyir Mustafa || owner of ''[[Hakikat Gazetesi]]'' in [[Selanik]] ''[[Teemin]]'' and ''[[Elyevm]]'' in Edirne
|-
|| 103 || Ferit || former editor of ''[[Köylü Gazetesi]]''
|-
|| 104 || [[Refi Cevat Ulunay]]|| owner of ''[[Alemdar Gazetesi]]''
|-
|| 105 || Pehlivan Kadri || of ''[[Alemdar Gazetesi]]''
|-
|| 106 || Fânî-zâde Ali İlmi || owner of ''[[Ferda Gazetesi]]'' in Adana
|-
|| 107 || Trabzonlu Ömer Fevzi || one of the owners of ''Balıkesir İrşad Gazetesi''
|-
|| 108 || Hasan Sadık || owner of ''[[Aleppo|Halep]] Doğru Yol Gazetesi''
|-
|| 109 || İzmirli Refet || owner and director of ''[[Köylü Gazetesi]]''
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Others
|-
!No. !! Name !!Description
|-
|| 110 || Tarsuslu Kamilpaşazade Selami  ||
|-
|| 111 || Tarsuslu Kamilpaşazade Kemal  ||
|-
|| 112 || Süleymaniyeli Kürt Hakkı  ||
|-
|| 113 || İbrahim Sabri  ||son of Şeyhülislam Mustafa Sabri
|-
|| 114 || Bursalı Cemil || [[factory]] owner
|-
|| 115 || Çerkes Ragıp || well-known [[English people|English]] [[spy]]
|-
|| 116 || Haçinli Kazak Hasan || officer during French invasion
|-
|| 117 || Süngülü Davut || [[Banditry|bandit]] leader
|-
|| 118 || Çerkes Bekir || [[Binbaşı]]
|-
|| 119 || Necip || brother-in-law of factory owner Bursalı Cemil
|-
|| 120 || Ahmet Hulusi || former Inspector of Islamic Affairs of İzmir
|-
|| 121 || Uşaklı Madanoğlu Mustafa  ||
|-
|| 122 || Remzi son of Yusuf || from Tuzakçı village, [[Gönen]]
|-
|| 123 || Zühtü son of Hacı Kasım || from [[Bayramiç]] village, Gönen
|-
|| 124 || Şakir son of Kocagözün Osman || from Balcı village, Gönen
|-
|| 125 || Koç Ali son of Koç Mehmet || from Muratlar village, Gönen
|-
|| 126 || Aziz son of Mehmet || from Ayvacık village, Gönen
|-
|| 127 || Osman son of Bağcılı Ahmet || from Keçeler village, Gönen
|-
|| 128 || İzzet son of Molla Süleyman || from Yıldız village, [[Susurluk]]
|-
|| 129 || Kâzım son of Hüseyin || from Muratlar village, Gönen
|-
|| 130 || Arap Mahmut son of Bekir || from Balcı village, Gönen
|-
|| 131 || Gardiyan Yusuf || from Rüstem village, Gönen
|-
|| 132 || Eyüp son of Ömer || from Balcı village, Gönen
|-
|| 133 || İbrahim Çavuş son of Talustan || from Keçeler village, Gönen
|-
|| 134 || İbrahim son of Topallı Şerif || Balcı village, Gönen
|-
|| 135 || İdris son of Topal Ömer || from Keçeler village, Gönen
|-
|| 136 || Kurhoğlu İsmail || from Bolcaağaç village, [[Manyas]]
|-
|| 137 || İshak son of Muhtar Hacı || from Keçeler village, Gönen
|-
|| 138 || İshak son of Yusuf || from Kayapınar village, [[Marmara Region|Marmara]]
|-
|| 139 || Sabit son of Ali Bey || from Kızlık village, Manyas
|-
|| 140 || Selim son of Veli || from Balcı village, [[Gönen]]
|-
|| 141 || Osman son of Makinacı Mehmet || from Çerkes Mahallesi, Gönen
|-
|| 142 || Kâmil son of Kadir || from Değirmenboğazı village, Manyas
|-
|| 143 || Galip son of Hüseyin || from Keçidere village, Gönen
|-
|| 144 || Salih son of Çerkes Sait || from Hacıyakup village, Manyas
|-
|| 145 || İsmail brother of Maktul Şevket || from Hacıyakup village, Manyas
|-
|| 146 || Deli Kasım son of Abdullah || from Keçeler village, Gönen
|-
|| 147 || Kemal son of Hasan Onbaşı || from Çerkes Mahallesi, Gönen
|-
|| 148 || Kâzım Efe || brother of Kâmil son of Kadir from [[Değirmenboğazı, Manyas|Değirmenboğazı]] village, Manyas
|-
|| 149 || Pallaçoğlu Kemal || from Kızlık village, Gönen
|-
|| 150 || Tuğoğlu Mehmet || from Keçeler village, Gönen
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
* İlhami Soysal, ''Yüzellilikler'', (Istanbul: Gür, 1985)
* Kâmil Erdeha, Article "Yüzellilikler", in Sosyalist Kültür Ansiklopedisi, vol. 8, pp.&nbsp;1336–1341, Istanbul: May 1980
{{Turkish War of Independence}}
[[Category:Politics of the Ottoman Empire|personae non gratae of, 150]]
[[Category:Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire|personae non gratae of, 150]]