View source for 1618

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1618|the bill proposed in USA in 1998|Bill 1618}}
{{Year nav|1618}}
[[File:Prager.Fenstersturz.1618.jpg|thumb|300px|[[May 23]]: [[Defenestrations of Prague|The Second Defenestration of Prague takes place]]]]
{{C17 year in topic}}
[[File:Siege of Pilsen.jpg|thumbnail|right| [[September 19]]&ndash;[[November 21]]: [[Siege of Pilsen]]]]
{{Year article header|1618}}
== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]]
**[[Jahangir]], ruler of the [[Mughal Empire]] in northern [[India]], gives an audience for the first time to a representative of the [[British East India Company]], receiving [[Sir Thomas Roe]] at the capital at [[Ahmedabad]].
**[[Ben Jonson]]'s play ''[[Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue]]'' is given its premiere performance, presented at the [[Palace of Whitehall]] in [[London]].
* [[January 28]] &ndash; Rules are established for the [[Ōoku]], the section of [[Edo Castle]] that housed the [[Shōgun]]'s [[Queen consort|consort]] and his [[concubinage|concubines]].
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Jeong In-hong]] becomes the new [[Yeonguijeong|Chief State Councillor]] (the ''Yeonguijeong'', similar to a Prime Minister) of the Joseon Kingdom in what is now North Korea, after being appointed by the [[Gwanghaegun of Joseon|Emperor Gwanghaegun]].
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Osman II]] deposes his uncle [[Mustafa I]] as [[Ottoman sultan]] (until [[1622]]).
* [[March 8]] &ndash; [[Johannes Kepler]] discovers the [[Kepler's laws of planetary motion|third law of planetary motion]] (after some initial calculations, he soon rejects the idea, but on [[May 15]] confirms the discovery).<ref>{{cite book|title=Nuncius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=agZSAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=L.S. Olschki|page=359|language=en}}</ref>
=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 21]] &ndash; Spanish-born Jesuit missionary [[Pedro Páez]] becomes (probably) the first European to see and describe the source of the [[Blue Nile]] in [[Ethiopia]].<ref>{{cite book|first=E. A. Wallis|last=Budge|authorlink=E. A. Wallis Budge|title=A History of Ethiopia: Nubia and Abyssinia|origyear=1928|location=Oosterhout|publisher=Anthropological Publications|year=1970|page=397}}</ref>
* [[May 23]] &ndash;  The [[Defenestrations of Prague|Second Defenestration of Prague]] &ndash; Protestant noblemen hold a mock trial, and throw two direct representatives of [[Ferdinand II of Germany]] (Imperial Governors) and their scribe out of a window into a pile of manure, exacerbating a low-key rebellion into the [[Thirty Years' War#1618–1621|Bohemian Revolt (1618–1621)]], precipitating the [[Thirty Years' War]] into armed conflict, and further polarizing Europe on religious grounds.
* [[June 14]] &ndash; Joris Veseler prints the first Dutch newspaper ''[[Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.]]'' in [[Amsterdam]] (approximate date).
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand II]], a proponent of the [[Counter-Reformation]], is crowned as [[King of Hungary]] at a meeting of the Bohemian diet at [[Bratislava|Pressburg]].
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Alonso Fajardo de Entenza]] becomes the new Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines.
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Pluto]] reaches its second most recent [[aphelion]], according to sophisticated mathematical calculations. The next one occurs in [[1866]], and the following one will occur in [[2113]].
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Lenaert Jacobszoon]] and the crew of the [[Dutch East India Company]] ship ''[[Mauritius (1612)|Mauritius]]'' become the first Europeans to sight what is now the Australian state of [[Western Australia]], landing at the North Cape.
* [[August 29]] &ndash; [[Johan van Oldenbarnevelt]] and [[Hugo Grotius]] are imprisoned by [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].
* [[September 4]] &ndash; Rodi [[avalanche]]: A [[Rockslide|rock]]- or snowslide buries the [[Alps|Alpine]] town of [[Piuro]], claiming 2,427 victims.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The 10 Worst Snow Disasters in History|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-10-worst-snow-disaste|date=2004-02-16|journal=[[Scientific American]]|access-date=2012-01-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Today in Switzerland History|url=http://www.historyorb.com/countries/switzerland|work=HistoryOrb|access-date=2012-01-03}}</ref>
* [[September 18]] &ndash; Beginning of the 13th [[Baktun]], in the [[Mesoamerican Long Count calendar]] (12.0.0.0.0).
* [[September 19]] &ndash; The [[Siege of Pilsen]] begins as the first major battle of the [[Thirty Years' War]], as Bohemian Protestants lay siege to the Bohemian Catholic city and lasts for more than two months.
* [[September 28]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Orynin]] takes place. Polish and Lithuanian Army forces fail to stop an invasion by [[Crimean Tatars]], who then proceed in burning villages in Lithuania and enslaving residents.
=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 9]] &ndash; Residents of [[Mogilev]] revolt against [[Uniate]] bishop [[Josaphat Kuntsevych]].
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[England|English]] adventurer, writer and [[courtier]] Sir [[Walter Raleigh]] is beheaded at the [[Palace of Westminster]], for allegedly conspiring [[treason]]ably against [[James I of England]] in [[1603]], following pressure from the Spanish government, over his attack on their settlement on the [[Orinoco]], on his last ([[1617]]&ndash;18) voyage.
* [[November 13]] &ndash; The [[Synod of Dort]] has its first meeting.
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[Siege of Pilsen|Pilsen falls to Bohemian Protestants]] led by [[Ernst von Mansfeld]] after more than two months of deprivation of food.
* [[December 11]] &ndash; [[Tsardom of Russia|Russia]] and [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Poland]] sign the [[Truce of Deulino]].
=== Date unknown ===
* The margraves of [[Brandenburg]] are granted [[Poland|Polish]] approval to inherit the [[Duchy of Prussia]], creating the state of [[Brandenburg-Prussia]].
* The 3,000 seat [[Teatro Farnese]], the first permanent [[proscenium]] theatre, is built into the Great Hall of the Palazzo della Pilotta in [[Parma]], Italy.
* The [[Ming dynasty|Ming Chinese]] [[embassy]] of the [[Wanli Emperor]] presents [[tea]] to the Russian [[tsar]].</onlyinclude>
== Births ==
[[File:Jan Six - Rembrandt.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Jan Six]]]]
[[File:Peter Lely Selfportrait.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|Sir [[Peter Lely]]]]
[[File:The Emperor Aurangzeb on Horseback ca. 1690–1710 The Cleveland Museum of Art.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Aurangzeb]]]]
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 1]] ''(bapt.)'' &ndash; [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo]], Spanish painter (d. [[1682]])
* [[January 2]] &ndash; [[Jean Hamon (doctor)|Jean Hamon]], French doctor and writer (d. [[1687]])
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Jean Crasset]], French Jesuit theologian (d. [[1692]])
* [[January 8]] &ndash; [[Madeleine Béjart]], French actress and theatre director (d. [[1672]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Hobart Chatfield Chatfield-Taylor|title=Molière: A Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wJkrAAAAMAAJ|year=1906|publisher=Duffield|page=409}}</ref>
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Jan Six]], important cultural figure in the Dutch Golden Age (d. [[1700]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Nicolaes Visscher I]], Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher (d. [[1679]])
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[James Ley, 3rd Earl of Marlborough]], English nobleman, sailor, and mathematician (d. [[1665]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[Jean Paul Médaille]], French Jesuit missionary (d. [[1689]])
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Olaus Verelius]], scholar of Old Norse and Scandinavian studies (d. [[1682]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The English Cyclopædia: A New Dictionary of Universal Knowledge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e7hCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA317|year=1858|publisher=Bradbury and Evans|pages=317}}</ref>
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Matthias Abele]], Austrian jurist, mine official (d. [[1677]])
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Johannes Phocylides Holwarda]], Dutch astronomer (d. [[1651]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[George Louis, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg]], German noble (d. [[1656]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Nadira Banu Begum]], Mughal princess (d. [[1659]])
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Thomas Hinckley]], last colonial governor of Plymouth Colony (d. [[1706]])
=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[Francesco Maria Grimaldi]], Italian mathematician and physicist (d. [[1663]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Isaac Asimov|title=Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology: The Lives and Achievements of 1195 Great Scientists from Ancient Times to the Present Chronologically Arranged|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ADjYAAAAMAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Avon Books|isbn=978-0-380-00619-9|pages=174–5|language=en}}</ref>
* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[Ferrante III Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla]], Italian noble (d. [[1678]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Christian, Duke of Brieg]], Duke of Legnica (1663–1672) and Brieg (1664–1672) (d. [[1672]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy]], French writer (d. [[1693]])
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Thomas Moore (died 1695)|Thomas Moore]], English politician (d. [[1695]])<ref>[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/moore-thomas-1618-95  History of Parliament Online - Moore, Thomas]</ref>
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Vittoria Farnese d'Este]], Duchess of Modena and Reggio (d. [[1649]])
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Henrik Horn]], Swedish military leader and noble (d. [[1693]])
* [[June 1]] &ndash; [[Johann Franck]], German poet and hymnist (d. [[1677]])
* [[June 15]]
** [[François Blondel]], French architect (d. [[1686]])
** [[Ippolito Lante Montefeltro della Rovere]], Italian nobleman and Duke of Bomarzo (d. [[1688]])
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Philip Packer]], British barrister and architect (d. [[1686]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Jean Le Pautre]], French designer and engraver (d. [[1682]])
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 6]] &ndash; [[Alexander Lindsay, 1st Earl of Balcarres]], Scottish politician and noble (d. [[1659]])<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Lindsay, Alexander (1618-1659)}}</ref>
* [[July 17]]
** [[Willem Ogier]], Flemish playwright (d. [[1689]])
** [[George Stewart, 9th Seigneur d'Aubigny]], Scottish nobleman and military commander (d. [[1642]])
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Hayashi Gahō]], Japanese philosopher (d. [[1688]])
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Johan Nieuhof]], Dutch traveler who wrote about his journeys to Brazil (d. [[1672]])
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Walter Hoyt]], Connecticut settler (d. [[1698]])
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[Joan Cererols]], Catalan musician and Benedictine monk (d. [[1680]])
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Francesco Grue]], Italian artist (d. [[1673]])
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Peter Lely]], Dutch painter (d. [[1680]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=National Portrait Gallery (Great Britain)|author2=Oliver Millar|title=Sir Peter Lely, 1618-80|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xHRHAQAAIAAJ|year=1979|page=9|publisher=National Portrait Gallery |isbn=9780904017250 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Jacob Alting]], Dutch linguist (d. [[1679]])
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Michiel Sweerts]], Flemish painter (d. [[1664]])
=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne]], Spanish general and prince (d. [[1679]])
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Rosina Schnorr]], German businessperson (d. [[1679]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Mariana de Jesús de Paredes]], Catholic saint, the first person to be canonized from Ecuador (d. [[1645]])
* [[November]] &ndash; [[Simon Arnauld, Marquis de Pomponne]], French diplomat and minister of [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] (d. [[1699]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Sir John Wittewrong, 1st Baronet]], English parliamentarian (d. [[1693]])
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Aurangzeb]], [[Mughal emperor]] of India (d. [[1707]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Louise de La Fayette]], French courtier, friend of King Louis XIII (d. [[1665]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Collective Biographies of Women |url=http://cbw.iath.virginia.edu/women_display.php?id=21437?/women_display.php?id=21437 |access-date=2024-06-05 |website=cbw.iath.virginia.edu}}</ref>
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Gottfried Welsch]], German physician (d. [[1690]])
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Johann Ludwig Schönleben]], Carniolan priest (d. [[1681]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Johan Frederik von Marschalck]], German-born landowner, Chancellor of Norway (d. [[1679]])
* [[December 2]]
** [[Edward Bayntun (died 1679)|Edward Bayntun]], English politician (d. [[1679]])
** [[Nicholas Delves]], English politician (d. [[1690]])
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Sir William Ayloffe, 3rd Baronet]], officer in the Royalist army during the English Civil War (d. [[1662]])
* [[December 18]] &ndash; [[Karl Kaspar von der Leyen]], German Catholic archbishop (d. [[1676]])
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[Elisabeth of the Palatinate]], German princess, philosopher, and Calvinist (d. [[1680]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Catharina Hooft]], noblewoman of the Dutch Golden Age (d. [[1691]])<ref>Graeff, P. de (P. de Graeff Gerritsz en [[Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek]]) ''Genealogie van de familie De Graeff van Polsbroek'', Amsterdam 1882.</ref>
===Date unknown===
* [[Athittayawong]], Ayutthayan monarch (d. [[1629]])
* [[Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington]], English politician (member of the [[Cabal]]) d. [[1685]])
== Deaths ==
[[File:PhilippII.1678.JPG|thumb|right|110px|[[Philip II, Duke of Pomerania]]]]
[[File:MmeAcarie.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Marie of the Incarnation (Carmelite)]]]]
[[File:Nicolò Rusca.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Nicolò Rusca]]]]
[[File:AlbrechtFriedrichPreußen.1612.JPG|thumb|right|110px|[[Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia]]]]
[[File:Jakob Rem S.J., Votivbild 1850.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jakob Rem]]]]
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Margherita Gonzaga, Duchess of Ferrara]] (b. [[1564]])
* [[January 19]] &ndash; [[Jacobus Zaffius]], Dutch Catholic provost (b. [[1535]])
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham]], English peer and traitor (b. [[1564]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[John Dackombe]], Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. [[1570]])
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Philip II, Duke of Pomerania]]-Stettin (b. [[1573]])
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Feliks Kryski]], Grand Chancellor of Poland (b. [[1562]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Paolo Emilio Sfondrati]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1560]])
* [[February 20]] &ndash; [[Philip William, Prince of Orange]], eldest son of William the Silent, by his first wife Anna van Egmont (b. [[1554]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon]], English baroness (b. [[1552]])
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Anne Lyon, Countess of Kinghorne]], Scottish countess (b. [[1579]])
* [[March 5]]
** [[John, Duke of Östergötland]] (b. [[1589]])
** [[Countess Palatine Barbara of Zweibrücken-Neuburg]] and by marriage Countess of Oettingen-Oettingen (b. [[1559]])
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Bembo]], Doge of Venice (b. [[1543]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Alvise Zorzi|title=Venice, the Golden Age, 697-1797|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IP5OAAAAMAAJ|year=1983|publisher=Abbeville Press|isbn=978-0-89659-406-7|page=259}}</ref>
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn]], Scottish politician (b. c. [[1575]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Frederick Magnus, Count of Erbach-Fürstenau]] (1606–1618) (b. [[1575]])
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[Pedro Cornejo de Pedrosa]], Spanish theologian (b. [[1536]])
=== April&ndash;June ===
* April &ndash; [[Chief Powhatan]] (proper name Wahunsenacawh), Algonquin (indigenous American) leader, father of [[Pocahontas]] (b. c. [[1547]])
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Robert Barker (MP for Colchester)|Robert Barker]], English politician (b. [[1563]])
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Battista Zuccato]], Italian Catholic prelate, Bishop of Nusco (1607–1614) (b. [[1543]])
* [[April 18]] &ndash; [[Marie of the Incarnation (Carmelite)|Marie of the Incarnation]], Carmelite (b. [[1566]])
* [[May 9]] &ndash; [[Nicolò Donato]], Doge of Venice (b. [[1539]])
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[John George I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau]] (1603–1618) (b. [[1567]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Sabina Catharina of East Frisia]], Countess of Rietberg (1586–1618) (b. [[1582]])
* [[June 7]] &ndash; [[Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr]], English Governor of Virginia (b. [[1577]])
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Kasper Hassler]], German musician (b. [[1562]])
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[James Montague (bishop)|James Montague]], British bishop (b. [[1568]])
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[Nicolò Rusca]], Italian priest who served in Como (b. [[1563]])
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Martinus Smiglecius]], Polish philosopher (b. [[1564]])
* [[August 7]] &ndash; [[Princess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden]], Swedish princess (b. [[1596]])
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[Gerbrand Adriaenszoon Bredero]], Dutch writer (b. [[1585]])
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia]] (b. [[1553]])
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Frederik van den Bergh (1559–1618)|Frederik van den Bergh]], Dutch soldier in the [[Eighty Years' War]] (b. [[1559]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Joshua Sylvester]], English poet (b. [[1563]])
=== October&ndash;December ===
[[File:Execution of Sir Walter Raleigh.jpg|150px|thumb|Sir Walter Raleigh]]
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Jakob Rem]], Austrian Jesuit (b. [[1546]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1567–1618)|Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]], German noblewoman (b. [[1567]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; Sir [[Walter Raleigh]], English soldier, politician, courtier, explorer, Virginia settler, historian, poet and spy (executed) (b. [[1552]] of 1554)<ref>{{cite book|author=Hilary Aidan St. George Saunders|title=Westminster Hall|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ff4gAAAAMAAJ|year=1951|publisher=M. Joseph|isbn=978-7-250-01065-2|page=146|language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 30]]
** [[Charles, Margrave of Burgau]], German nobleman (b. [[1560]])
** [[Prospero Farinacci]], Italian jurist (b. [[1554]])
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria]] (b. [[1558]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Anna Maria of Brandenburg]], Duchess Consort of Pomerania (b. [[1567]])
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Jacques Davy Duperron]], French cardinal (b. [[1556]])
* [[December 7]] &ndash; [[Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas]], Spanish Catholic cardinal, [[Grand Inquisitor]] (b. [[1546]])
* [[December 9]] &ndash; [[Valentine Knightley (died 1618)|Valentine Knightley]], English politician (b. [[1555]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Giulio Caccini]], Italian composer (b. [[1551]])<ref>{{cite book|author=David Ewen|title=Great Composers, 1300-1900: A Biographical and Critical Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qSV4pmLs-9EC|year=1966|publisher=H. W. Wilson Company|isbn=978-0-8242-0018-3|page=75|language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Anna of Tyrol]], Holy Roman Empress (b. [[1585]])
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Roger Puleston]], Welsh politician (b. [[1565]])<ref>{{cite book|author=George Owen|title=The Description of Penbrokshire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GC1FAQAAMAAJ|year=1936|publisher=C. J. Clark|page=577|language=en}}</ref>
===Date unknown===
* [[Ebba Bielke]], Swedish baroness and conspirator (b. [[1570]])
*[[Christina Rauscher]], German official and critic of witchcraft persecutions (b. [[1570]])
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1618}}
[[Category:1618| ]]