View source for 1743

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1743}}
{{Year nav|1743}}
[[File: GeorgeIIWootton1743.jpg|thumb|300px|[[June 27]]: [[George II of Great Britain|George II]], King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover, leads British, Hanoverian and Austrian troops to victory over France at the [[Battle of Dettingen]].]]
{{C18 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1743}}
== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 1]] &ndash; The [[Verendrye brothers' journey to the Rocky Mountains|Verendrye brothers]], probably [[Louis-Joseph Gaultier de La Vérendrye|Louis-Joseph]] and [[François de La Vérendrye]], become the first white people to see the [[Rocky Mountains]] from the eastern side <ref>Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh, ''Breaking the Wilderness: The Story of the Conquest of the Far West'' (G.P. Putnam and Sons, 1908) p139</ref>  (the Spanish conquistadors had seen the Rockies from the west side).
* [[January 8]] &ndash; King [[Augustus III of Poland]], acting in his capacity as Elector of Saxony, signs an agreement with [[Austria]], pledging help in war in return for part of [[Silesia]] to be conveyed to Saxony.<ref>Maureen Cassidy-Geiger, ''Fragile Diplomacy'' (Yale University Press, 2007) p38</ref>
* [[January 12]]
** The Verendryes, and two members of the [[Mandan]] Indian tribe, reach the foot of the mountains, near the site of what is now [[Helena, Montana]].<ref>Olin Dunbar Wheeler, ''The Trail of Lewis and Clark, 1804-1904: A Story of the Great Exploration Across the Continent in 1804-6'' (G.P. Putnam and Sons, 1904) p213</ref>
** An earthquake strikes the Philippines  <ref>D. R. M. Irving, ''Colonial Counterpoint: Music in Early Modern Manila'' (Oxford University Press, 2010)</ref>
* [[January 16]] &ndash; Cardinal [[André-Hercule de Fleury]] turns his effects over to King [[Louis XV of France]], 13 days before his death on January 29.<ref>Olivier Bernier, ''Louis XV'' (New Word City, 2018)</ref>
* [[January 23]] &ndash; With mediation by France, Sweden and Russia begin peace negotiations at [[Åbo]] to end the [[Russo-Swedish War (1741–43)|Russo-Swedish War]].  By August 17, Sweden cedes all of its claims to southern Finland.<ref>''The Cambridge Modern History, Volume 6: The Eighteenth Century'', ed. by A. W. Ward, et al. (Macmillan, 1909) p314</ref>
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[George Frideric Handel]]'s [[oratorio]], ''[[Samson (Handel)|Samson]]'', premieres in London.
* [[March 2]] &ndash; A British expeditionary fleet under [[Sir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet|Sir Charles Knowles]] is defeated by the Spanish in the [[Battle of La Guaira]].
=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Pope Benedict XIV]] issues a new bull, barring agreements by spouses not to appeal annulments of marriages <ref>Louis de Bonald, ''On Divorce'' (Transaction Publishers, 2011) p155</ref>
* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[Verendrye brothers' journey to the Rocky Mountains|The Verendrye brothers bury a tablet]] claiming the [[Great Plains]] of North America for King [[Louis XV of France]].   A schoolgirl in [[Pierre, South Dakota]], unearths the tablet 170 years later on February 16, 1913.<ref>George M. Wrong, ''The conquest of New France'' (Yale University Press, 1918) p129</ref>
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Prithvi Narayan Shah]] becomes the new King of the [[Gorkha Kingdom]] and begins a campaign to unify the 54 different principalities in the [[Himalayas]] under his rule as part of the [[unification of Nepal]]  <ref>Nanda R. Shrestha, ''In the Name of Development: A Reflection on Nepal'' (University Press of America, 1997) p6</ref>
* [[April 9]] &ndash; The Verendrye brothers make the first contact since 1722 between [[Europe]]ans and the [[Sioux]] Indians, whom they refer to as ''Les Gens de la Fleche Collee'' ("the people of the sheathed arrow").<ref>Royal B. Hassrick, ''The Sioux: Life and Customs of a Warrior Society'' (University of Oklahoma Press, 2012)</ref>
* [[April 13]] &ndash; The [[British East India Company]] ship ''Princess Louisa'' is wrecked off the coast of [[Maio, Cape Verde|Maio Island]] in the Cape Verde Islands, killing 49 of her 179 crew.
* [[April 18]] &ndash; The trustees of the English [[Trustee Georgia|Province of Georgia]] vote to inaugurate public schools in the corporate territory.<ref>James Ross McCain, ''Georgia as a Proprietary Province: The Execution of a Trust'' (R.G. Badger, 1917) p298</ref>
* [[May 9]] &ndash; Austrian army defeats the Bavarian army in the [[Battle of Simbach]].
* [[May 10]] &ndash; In [[New France]], [[Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville]] ends his final term (multiple times over 43 years) as Governor of colonial [[French Louisiana]], which he helped colonize; he is succeeded by the [[Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial|Marquis de Vaudreuil]] (for the next 10 years) and returns to France.
* [[May 30]] &ndash; The [[Dalecarlian rebellion (1743)]] breaks out in Sweden.
* [[June 27]] (June 16 [[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]) &ndash; [[War of the Austrian Succession]] &ndash; [[Battle of Dettingen]] in [[Bavaria]]: British forces, in alliance with those of [[Electorate of Hanover|Hanover]] and [[Hesse]], defeat a [[Military history of France|French]] army under the [[Adrien Maurice de Noailles|duc de Noailles]]; King [[George II of Great Britain]] (and Elector of Brunswick) leads his own troops, the last British king to do so.
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 3]] &ndash; As a concession to Russia, [[Sweden]]'s parliament ratifies the election of [[Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden|Adolphus Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp]], a great-grandson of [[Charles XI of Sweden|King Charles XI]], to be heir to the throne of Sweden.  Adolphus becomes king on the death of [[Frederick I of Sweden|King Frederick]] on April 5, 1751, marking the end of the [[House of Hesse-Kassel|Hesse-Kassel dynasty]] and the start of the dynasty of the [[House of Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish line)|Holstein-Gottorp]] that will rule Sweden from 1751 to 1818  <ref>"Adolphus Frederick of Holstein-Entin'', in ''The American Cyclopedia: A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge", ed. by George Ripley and Charles A. Dana (D. Appleton and Company, 1873) p129</ref>
* [[July 13]] &ndash; All 276 people on board the Dutch East India Company ship [[Hollandia (1742 ship)|''Hollandia'']] drown after the ship strikes a rock off of the [[Isles of Scilly]] in England near [[Cornwall]]. The wreckage is located in 1971.
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[George Anson, 1st Baron Anson|Lord Anson]] captures the Philippine [[galleon]] ''Nuestra Señora de Covadonga'' and its treasure of 1,313,843 [[Spanish dollar]]s at [[Manila]] along with a treasure of 2 1/2 million dollars, and proceeds back toward [[Mexico]], then returns to Britain in 1744  <ref>Francisco Antonio Mourelle, ''Voyage of the Sonora in the Second Bucareli Expedition'', translated by Daines Barrington (T.C. Russell, 1920) p108</ref>
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[James Oglethorpe]] departs from Georgia to England and returns there in September.<ref>"James Oglethorpe", by Dr. Walter H. Charlton, in ''The American Monthly Magazine'' (June 1911) p294</ref>
* [[July 28]] &ndash; France and the Allies of Britain conclude a treaty to provide care for each other's wounded.<ref>Bernard D. Rostker, ''Providing for the Casualties of War: The American Experience Through World War II'' (Rand Corporation, 2013) p46</ref>
* [[July 31]] &ndash; At a summit in [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania]], the British colonies of [[Virginia]], [[Maryland]] and [[Pennsylvania]] conclude a treaty with the [[Iroquois Confederacy|Six Nations]], conceding that the member tribes are entitled to the territory west of the Appalachian mountains and north of the Ohio River.<ref>Charles C. Royce, ''Indian Land Cessions of the United States'', (U.S. Government Printing Office, 1899) p569</ref>
* [[August 18]]  (August 7 [[Old Style]]) &ndash; [[Russian Empire|Russia]] and [[Sweden]] sign the [[Treaty of Åbo]].
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[The War of the Hats]]: The [[Swedish army]] surrendered to the [[Russians]] in [[Helsinki]], ending the war and starting ''Lesser Wrath''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mattila |first1=Tapani |title=Meri maamme turvana |trans-title=Sea safeguarding our country |year=1983 |publisher=K. J. Gummerus Osakeyhtiö |location=Jyväskylä |language=Finnish |isbn=951-99487-0-8 }}</ref>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Henry Pelham]] becomes [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] of [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]].
* [[September 11]] &ndash; Russian noble [[Natalia Lopukhina]] is flogged in front of the [[Twelve Collegia]] building in [[Saint Petersburg]], bringing a conclusion to the "Lopukhina Affair" plotted by France and the [[Duchy of Holstein]].
* [[September 13]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Worms (1743)|Treaty of Worms]] is signed between Great Britain, Austria and [[Sardinia]].
=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 19]] &ndash; Louis Maria Colons, one of nine French Canadians who had attempted to colonize territory in what is now [[New Mexico]], is executed for attempting to persuade the Pueblo Indians to rise up against the Spanish colonial government.<ref>Ralph Emerson Twitchell, ''The Leading Facts of New Mexican History'', Vol. I (Torch Press, 1911, reprinted by Sunstone Press, 2007) p438</ref>
* [[October 21]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Franklin]]'s view of a [[List of 18th-century lunar eclipses|lunar eclipse]] from [[Philadelphia]] is spoiled by a rainstorm; several days later, he learns that residents of [[Boston]] received the same storm hours after the eclipse, demonstrating that weather moves from west to east.<ref>Bruce Parker, ''The Power of the Sea: Tsunamis, Storm Surges, Rogue Waves, and Our Quest to Predict Disasters'' (St. Martin's Press, 2012)</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; After almost six weeks, [[Nader Shah]] of [[Persia]] lifts the siege of [[Mosul]].<ref>Martin Sicker, ''The Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire'' (Greenwood Publishing, 2001) p63</ref>
* [[November 5]] &ndash; Coordinated scientific observations of the [[transit of Mercury]] are organized by [[Joseph-Nicolas Delisle]].
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Ecuador]]ian scientist [[Pedro Vicente Maldonado]] departs from Brazil in order to purchase the most state-of-the-art equipment for the [[French Geodesic Mission]]  <ref>Neil Safier, ''Measuring the New World: Enlightenment Science and South America'' (University of Chicago Press, 2008) p104</ref>
* [[December 9]] &ndash; At [[Haarlem]], Dutch astronomer [[Dirk Klinkenberg]] becomes the first to observe the [[Great Comet of 1744]].  Swiss astronomer [[Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux]] discovers it independently on December 13.  Both scientists are given credit for its discovery  <ref>David A.J. Seargent, ''The Greatest Comets in History: Broom Stars and Celestial Scimitars'' (Springer, 2008) p116</ref>
* [[December 10]] &ndash; King [[Louis XV of France]] informs King [[Philip V of Spain]] of his intent to try to restore the House of Stuart to the throne of the United Kingdom.  [[James Francis Edward Stuart]] was briefly the Crown Prince of England and Scotland until his father, [[James II of England|King James II]], was deposed in 1688 and, as Pretender to the Throne, would become King James III if the attack, planned for January 1, 1744 succeeds.<ref>Andrew Lang, ''A History of Scotland from the Roman Occupation'' (W. Blackwood and Sons, 1907) p443</ref>
* [[December 11]] &ndash; Princess [[Louise of Great Britain]], daughter of [[George II of Great Britain|King George II]], weds [[Frederick V of Denmark|Frederick, Crown Prince of Denmark and Norway]].<ref>Michael A. Beatty, ''The English Royal Family of America, from Jamestown to the American Revolution'' (McFarland, 2003) p164</ref>
=== Undated ===
* [[Capodimonte porcelain]] is first manufactured, in [[Naples]].
* Probable date &ndash; The last [[wolf]] in [[Scotland]] is shot, in [[Killiecrankie]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Precarious Creatures|last=Giscombe|first=C. S.|journal=The Kenyon Review|volume=34 (NS)|issue=1|date=Winter 2012|pages=157–175|publisher=Kenyon College|location=Gambier, Ohio|jstor=41304743|quote=I looked it up later and found out that it's generally conceded that they were all dead by the 1680s. But a story persists that a fellow named MacQueen killed the last wolf in Scotland - and, implicitly, in all Britain - after that, in 1743. (Henry Shoemaker mentions the story in the section of ''Extinct Pennsylvania Animals'' that concerns wolves.)}}</ref></onlyinclude>
== Births ==
[[File:E. Vorontsova-Dashkova by Dm. Levitsky (1784, Hillwood).jpg|thumb|110px|[[Yekaterina Vorontsova-Dashkova]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Sir William Parker, 1st Baronet, of Harburn]], British admiral (d. [[1802]])
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[Louis Claude de Saint-Martin]], French philosopher, "''le philosophe inconnu''" (d. [[1803]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi]], German philosopher (d. [[1819]])
* [[February 13]] &ndash; Sir [[Joseph Banks]], British naturalist and botanist (d. [[1820]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[George Morgan (merchant)|George Morgan]], American merchant and Indian agent (d. [[1810]])
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Luigi Boccherini]], Italian composer (d. [[1805]])
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Mayer Amschel Rothschild]], German-born banker (d. [[1812|1818]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[René Just Haüy]], French "father of modern crystallography" (d. [[1822]])
* March &ndash; [[Joseph Brant]], Mohawk leader (d. [[1807]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Johann David Wyss]], Swiss author (d. [[1818]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Hannah Cowley (writer)|Hannah Cowley]], English dramatist and poet (d. [[1809]])
* [[March 28]] (March 17 [[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]) &ndash; [[Yekaterina Vorontsova-Dashkova]], Russian princess, courtier and patron of the arts and sciences (d. [[1810]])
* [[April]] &ndash; [[Etta Palm d'Aelders]], Dutch-French feminist (d. [[1799]])
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Richard Butler (general)|Richard Butler]] American general (d. [[1793]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Thomas Jefferson]], third [[President of the United States]], author of the Declaration of American Independence (d. [[1826]])
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Louis Lebègue Duportail]] French military leader in the [[Continental Army]] during the [[American Revolutionary War]] (d. [[1802]])
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Seth Warner]] American revolutionary hero (d. [[1784]])
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[Toussaint Louverture]], Haitian rebel (d. [[1803]])
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Jean-Paul Marat]], French revolutionary, doctor and scientist (d. [[1793]])
* [[June 2]] &ndash; [[Alessandro Cagliostro]], Italian Freemason (d. [[1795]])
* [[June 3]]
** [[José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa]], Spanish viceroy of Peru (d. [[1821]])
** [[Lucia Galeazzi Galvani]], Italian scientist (d. [[1788]])
*[[August 7]] &ndash; [[Susan Carnegie]], writer and founder of the first public asylum in Scotland (d.[[1821]])
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Antoine Lavoisier]], French chemist (d. [[1794]])
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Nikolaj Abraham Abildgaard]], Danish painter (d. [[1809]])
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Marquis de Condorcet]], French mathematician, philosopher, and political scientist (d. [[1794]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[François Chopart]], French surgeon ([[1795]])
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Carl Peter Thunberg]], Swedish botanist (d. [[1828]])
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], German chemist, discoverer of uranium (1789), zirconium (1789), and cerium (1803) (d. [[1817]])
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Ippolit Bogdanovich]], Russian poet (d. [[1803]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Károly Hadaly]], Hungarian mathematician (d. [[1834]])
** [[Elisabeth Christina von Linné]], Swedish botanist (d. [[1782]])
== Deaths ==
[[File:Bishop Eiler Hagerup (1685-1743).jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Eiler Hansen Hagerup|Eiler Hagerup]]]]
[[File:Spencer Compton 1st Earl of Wilmington.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington]]]]
[[File:1 Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II ca 1725 Jaipur. British museum.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jai Singh II]]]]
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena]], Italian [[architect]]/[[Painting|painter]] (b. [[1657]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[André-Hercule de Fleury|Cardinal André-Hercule de Fleury, Bishop of Fréjus]], chief minister of France under Louis XV (b. [[1653]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre]], French writer (b. [[1658]])
* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni]], Italian composer (b. [[1657]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Lodovico Giustini]], Italian composer (b. [[1685]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici]], last of the Medicis (b. [[1667]])
* [[March 22]] &ndash; [[Emerentia von Düben]], Swedish royal favorite (b. [[1669]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Karl Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]], German noble (b. [[1712]])
* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[Daniel Neal]], English historian (b. [[1678]])
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[Augustine Washington]], father of the future first President of the United States (b. [[1694]])
* [[April 20]] &ndash; [[Alexandre-François Desportes]], French painter (b. [[1661]])
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Moritz Georg Weidmann]], German bookseller (b. [[1686]])
* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[Andrew Michael Ramsay]], English Freemason (b. [[1686]])
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Ehrengard Melusine von der Schulenburg, Duchess of Kendal and Munster]] (b. [[1667]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Jean-Paul Bignon]], French priest and man of letters (b. [[1662]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Lancelot Blackburne]], Archbishop of York (b. [[1658]])
* [[April 15]] &ndash; [[Eiler Hansen Hagerup|Eiler Hagerup]], Norwegian [[Roman Catholic]] bishop (b. [[1685]])
* [[June 16]] &ndash; [[Louise-Françoise de Bourbon]], eldest daughter of [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] and [[Madame de Montespan]] (b. [[1673]])
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington]], British politician, [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Spencer Compton, earl of Wilmington {{!}} English noble |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Spencer-Compton-earl-of-Wilmington-Viscount-Pevensey |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=1 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> (b. c. [[1674]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[John Hervey, 2nd Baron Hervey]], English statesman and writer (b. [[1696]])
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Henry Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge (first creation)|Henry Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge]], British politician (b. [[1663]])
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Nicolas Lancret]], French painter (b. [[1690]])
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Jai Singh II]], King of Amber-Juiper, India (b. [[1688]])
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Erik Benzelius the younger]], Swedish priest (b. [[1675]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll]], Scottish soldier (b. [[1678]])
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Hyacinthe Rigaud]], French painter (b. [[1659]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Manuela Desvalls Vergós]], Spanish nun, agent and political controversialist
** [[Pietro Paolo Troisi]], Maltese artist (b. [[1686]])
== References ==
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