View source for 1816–17 United States Senate elections

{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1816–17 United States Senate elections
| country = United States
| type = legislative
| ongoing = no
| flag_year = 1795
| previous_election = 1814–15 United States Senate elections
| previous_year = {{Nowrap|1814 & 1815}}
| next_election = 1818–19 United States Senate elections
| next_year = {{Nowrap|1818 & 1819}}
| seats_for_election = 12 of the 36 seats in the [[United States Senate]] (plus special elections)
| majority_seats = 19
| election_date = Dates vary by state
| image_size = 100px
| 1blank = Seats up
| image1 =
| party1 = Democratic-Republican Party
| last_election1 = '''26 seats'''
| seats_before1 = '''23'''
| seats1 = '''9'''
| seats_after1 = '''25'''
| seat_change1 = {{Increase}} 2
| 1data1 = 9
| image2 =
| party2 = Federalist Party
| last_election2 = 11 seats
| seats_before2 = 12
| seats2 = 3
| seats_after2 = 13
| seat_change2 = {{Increase}} 1
| 1data2 = 2
| title = Majority Party
| before_election =
| before_party = Democratic-Republican Party
| after_election =
| after_party = Democratic-Republican Party
| map_image = File:1816senatemap.svg
| map_caption = '''Results:'''<br/>{{Legend0|#f2bfa6|Federalist hold}} {{legend0|#e27036|Federalist gain}}<br/>{{Legend0|#bef3be|Dem-Republican hold}}  {{legend0|#008000|Dem-Republican gain}}<br/>{{Legend0|#000000ff|Legislature Failed To Elect}}
| map_size = 330px
}}
The '''1816–17 United States Senate elections''' were held on various dates in various states. As these [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] elections were prior to the ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Seventeenth Amendment]] in 1913, senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)|state legislatures]]. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1816 and 1817, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to [[Gridlock (politics)|legislative deadlock]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment|title=17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)|website=National Archives and Records Administration|date=February 8, 2022}}</ref> In these elections, terms were up for the senators in [[Classes of United States senators|Class 2]].
The [[Democratic-Republican Party]] gained a net of two seats from the admission of a new state.
== Results summary ==
Senate party division, [[15th United States Congress|15th Congress]] (1817–1819)
* Majority party: Democratic-Republican (25–28)
* Minority party: [[Federalist Party|Federalist]] (13–12)
* '''Total seats: 38–42'''
== Change in composition ==
=== Results of the January 1816 special elections ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
|-
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|8}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|7}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|4}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|3}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|2}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|1}}
|-
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|9}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|10}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|11}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|12}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|13}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|14}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|15}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|16}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|17}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|18}}
|-
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|19}}
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland (special)|{{Abbr|Md.|Maryland}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|10}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|11}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|12}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|13}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|23}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|22}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia (special)|{{Abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|20}}
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|8}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|7}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|4}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|3}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|2}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|1}}
|}
=== Before the general elections ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
|-
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|9}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|8}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|7}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|6}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|5}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|4}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|3}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|2}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|1}}
| width=50px |
|-
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|10}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|11}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|12}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|13}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|14}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|15}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Georgia (Regular)|{{Abbr|Ga.|Georgia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Resigned}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|16}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Louisiana|{{Abbr|La.|Louisiana}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|17}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts (Regular)|{{Abbr|Mass.|Massachusetts}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|18}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|{{Abbr|N.J.|New Jersey}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|19}}<br/>{{Small|[[#North Carolina (Regular)|{{Abbr|N.C.|North Carolina}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Resigned}}
|-
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|{{Abbr|R.I.|Rhode Island}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|10}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|11}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|{{Abbr|Del.|Delaware}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|12}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Kentucky (Regular)|{{Abbr|Ky.|Kentucky}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|13}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Hampshire (Regular)|{{Abbr|N.H.|New Hampshire}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/TBD/active}} | TBD{{Sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Indiana|{{Abbr|Ind.|Indiana}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|New seat}}
| {{Party shading/TBD/active}} | TBD{{Sub|2}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Indiana|{{Abbr|Ind.|Indiana}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|New seat}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia (Regular)|{{Abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee (Regular)|{{Abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#South Carolina (Regular)|{{Abbr|S.C.|South Carolina}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Resigned}}
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|9}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|8}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|7}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|4}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|3}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|2}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|1}}
|}
=== Results of the general elections ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
|- style="height:1en"
| rowspan=2 width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|9}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|8}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|7}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|6}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|5}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|4}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|3}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|2}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|1}}
| width=50px |
|- style="height:1en"
| colspan=9 |
|- style="height:1en"
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|10}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|11}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|12}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|13}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|14}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|15}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Georgia (Regular)|{{Abbr|Ga.|Georgia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|16}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Indiana|{{Abbr|Ind.|Indiana}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|17}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Indiana|{{Abbr|Ind.|Indiana}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|18}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Kentucky (Regular)|{{Abbr|Ky.|Kentucky}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|19}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Louisiana|{{Abbr|La.|Louisiana}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
|- style="height:1en"
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Hampshire (Regular)|{{Abbr|N.H.|New Hampshire}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
|- style="height:1en"
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|10}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|11}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|{{Abbr|Del.|Delaware}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|12}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts (Regular)|{{Abbr|Mass.|Massachusetts}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|13}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|{{Abbr|R.I.|Rhode Island}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Vacant/active}} | V{{Sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee (Regular)|{{Abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|DR Loss}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|24}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia (Regular)|{{Abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|[[#South Carolina (Regular)|{{Abbr|S.C.|South Carolina}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|[[#North Carolina (Regular)|{{Abbr|N.C.|North Carolina}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|{{Abbr|N.J.|New Jersey}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
|- style="height:1en"
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|9}}
| colspan=9 |
|- style="height:1en"
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|8}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|7}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|4}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|3}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|2}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|1}}
|}
=== Results of the 1817 special elections ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
|-
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|10}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|9}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|8}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|7}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|4}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|3}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|2}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|1}}
|-
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|11}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|12}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|13}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|14}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|15}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|16}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|17}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|18}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|19}}
| width=50px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|20}}
|-
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|21}}
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|11}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|12}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|28}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee (special)|{{Abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Elected{{Efn|name="Appointee elected"|Appointee elected}}}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|27}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Hampshire (special)|{{Abbr|N.H.|New Hampshire}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|26}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Mississippi|{{Abbr|Miss.|Mississippi}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|New seat}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|25}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Mississippi|{{Abbr|Miss.|Mississippi}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|New seat}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|24}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Vermont (special)|{{Abbr|Vt.|Vermont}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|23}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|22}}
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|10}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|9}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|8}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|7}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|4}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|3}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|2}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|1}}
|}
{|
|- valign=top
! Key
|
{| class=wikitable
| align=center width=35px {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|#}}
| [[Democratic-Republican Party (United States)|Democratic-Republican]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|#}}
| [[Federalist Party (United States)|Federalist]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{Party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|#}}
| Vacant
|}
|}
== Race summaries ==
=== Elections during the preceding Congress ===
In these special and general elections, the winners were seated during 1816 or before March 4, 1817; ordered by election date.
{| class=wikitable
|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates
|-
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral history
|-
! [[#Virginia (special)|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 2)
| colspan=3 | ''Vacant''
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | [[William B. Giles]] (DR) resigned March 3, 1815.<br/>[[John Wayles Eppes]] (DR) was [[1815 United States Senate special election in Virginia|elected December 7, 1815]], but declined to serve.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in Virginia|elected]]-->elected January 3, 1816 on the fourth ballot despite being [[United States Senate#Qualifications|too young to serve]].<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''<br/>Winner later lost re-election to the next term; [[#Virginia|see below]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Armistead Thomson Mason|Armistead T. Mason]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 128
* Scattering 33<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 17, 2018 | title= Virginia 1816 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 4 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.a.special.four.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Maryland (special)|Maryland]]<br/>(Class 1)
| colspan=3 | ''Vacant''
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | The [[Maryland General Assembly]] failed to elect in time for the March 4, 1815 beginning of the term.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in Maryland|elected]]-->elected January 29, 1816.<br/>'''Federalist gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Robert Goodloe Harper|Robert Harper]]''' (Federalist) 45
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John T. Mason]] (Democratic-Republican) 44<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 18, 2018 | title= Maryland 1816 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:md.us.senator.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Massachusetts (special)|Massachusetts]]<br/>(Class 1)
| [[Christopher Gore]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| 1813 {{Small|(appointed)}}<br/>[[1815 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts|1815 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned May 30, 1816, unhappy with the politics of Washington and suffering from poor health.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts|elected]]-->elected June 12, 1816.<br/>Federalist hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Eli P. Ashmun]]''' (Federalist) 158
* Scattering 137<ref>{{Cite web| publisher= [[Tufts University]]| work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives| series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825| access-date= May 19, 2018| title= Massachusetts 1816 U.S. Senate, Special| url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.1.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Indiana|Indiana]]<br/>(Class 1)
| colspan=3 | None (new state)
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Indiana was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate elections in Indiana|elected]]-->elected November 8, 1816.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| rowspan=2 nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Noble (senator)|James Noble]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 26
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Waller Taylor]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 20
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James Scott (Indiana judge)|James Scott]] (Unknown) 16
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Jesse Lynch Holman|Jesse L. Holman]] (Unknown) 3
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Ezra Ferris]] (Unknown) 2
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Davis Floyd]] (Democratic-Republican) 2
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Walter Wilson (Indiana)|Walter Wilson]] (Unknown) 2
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Elias MacNamee]] (Unknown) 1<ref name=Indiana>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 24, 2018 | title= Indiana 1816 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:in.ussenate.1816 | archive-date= October 29, 2019 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191029165458/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:in.ussenate.1816 | url-status= dead }}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Indiana|Indiana]]<br/>(Class 3)
| colspan=3 | None (new state)
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Indiana was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate elections in Indiana|elected]]-->elected November 8, 1816.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
|-
! [[#Georgia (special)|Georgia]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[William W. Bibb]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1813 United States Senate special election in Georgia|1813 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 9, 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in Georgia|elected]]-->elected November 13, 1816.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner was also elected to the next term; [[#Georgia|see below]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[George M. Troup]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 62
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[FNU] Clark (Unknown) 49
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[FNU] Spalding (Unknown) 6<ref name=Georgia/>
}}
|-
! [[#North Carolina (special)|North Carolina]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[James Turner (North Carolina politician)|James Turner]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1804 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1804]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|elected]]-->elected December 4, 1816 on the third ballot.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/> Winner was also elected to the next term; [[#North Carolina|see below]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Montfort Stokes]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 98
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John Branch]] (Democratic-Republican) 87<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 23, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1816 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 3 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenate.specialelection3.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#South Carolina (special)|South Carolina]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[John Taylor (South Carolina governor)|John Taylor]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1810 United States Senate special election in South Carolina|1810 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in South Carolina|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in South Carolina|elected]]-->elected December 4, 1816.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner was also elected to the next term; [[#South Carolina|see below]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Smith (South Carolina senator)|William Smith]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 101
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James R. Pringle]] (Unknown) 51<ref name="South Carolina">{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 23, 2018 | title= South Carolina 1816 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:sc.ussenate.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Kentucky (special)|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[Martin D. Hardin]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| 1814 {{Small|(appointed)}}
| Incumbent appointee <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in Kentucky|elected]]-->elected December 5, 1816.<ref>Byrd, page 110.</ref><br/>Winner was not later a candidate for the next term; [[#Kentucky|see below]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Martin D. Hardin]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 74
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Samuel H. Woodson (Kentucky politician)|Samuel H. Woodson]] (Democratic-Republican) 31
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Norborn B. Beall]] (Democratic-Republican) 12
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Matthew Lyon]] (Democratic-Republican) 2<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 23, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1816 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenatespecialelection.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Maryland (special)|Maryland]]<br/>(Class 1)
| [[Robert Goodloe Harper]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1816 United States Senate special elections in Maryland|1816 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned December 6, 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate special election in Maryland|elected]]-->elected December 20, 1816.<br/>Federalist hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Alexander C. Hanson]]''' (Federalist) 46
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[William H. Winder]] (Federalist) 39
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}Scattering (Federalist) 3<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 18, 2018 | title= Maryland 1816 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:md.us.senator2.1816 | archive-date= March 6, 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200306063626/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:md.us.senator2.1816 | url-status= dead }}</ref>
}}
|}
=== Races leading to the next Congress ===
In these general elections, the winners were seated March 4, 1817; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
{| class=wikitable
|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates
|-
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral<br/>history
|-
! [[#Delaware|Delaware]]
| [[William H. Wells]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1799 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1799 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1799 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1799]]<br/>1804 {{Small|(resigned)}}<br/>[[1813 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1813 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate election in Delaware|elected]]-->elected January 31, 1817 on the third ballot.<br/>Federalist hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Nicholas Van Dyke (senator)|Nicholas Van Dyke]]''' (Federalist) 14
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[William Hill Wells]] (Federalist) 11
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[James Tilton]] (Democratic-Republican) 1<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 17, 2018 | title= Delaware 1817 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.third.1817}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Georgia (Regular)|Georgia]]
| [[William W. Bibb]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1813 United States Senate special election in Georgia|1813 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Resigned November 9, 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in Georgia|elected]]-->elected November 13, 1816 on the second ballot.<br/>Winner was also elected to finish the previous term; see above.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[George M. Troup]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 62
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[FNU] Clark (Unknown) 49
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[FNU] Spalding (Unknown) 6<ref name=Georgia>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 23, 2018 | title= Georgia 1816 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ga.ussenate2.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Kentucky (Regular)|Kentucky]]
| [[Martin D. Hardin]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| 1816 {{Small|(appointed)}}<br/>[[1816 United States Senate special election in Kentucky|1816 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in Kentucky|elected]]-->elected December 10, 1816 on the second ballot.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[John J. Crittenden]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 72
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[John Adair]] (Federalist) 47<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 23, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1816 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenateballot2.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Louisiana|Louisiana]]
| [[James Brown (Louisiana politician)|James Brown]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1813 United States Senate special election in Louisiana|1813 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate election in Louisiana|elected]]-->elected in 1817.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[William C. C. Claiborne]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 27
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[James Brown (Louisiana politician)|James Brown]] (Democratic-Republican) 22
* Blank 1<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 14, 2018 | title= Louisiana 1817 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:la.ussenate.1817}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Massachusetts (Regular)|Massachusetts]]
| [[Joseph Bradley Varnum]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-Republican
| [[1811 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts|1811]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Incumbent ran for re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|elected]]-->elected June 12, 1816.<br/>'''Federalist gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Harrison Gray Otis (politician)|Harrison Gray Otis]]''' (Federalist) 183
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John Holmes (Maine politician)|John Holmes]] (Democratic-Republican) 130
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Levi Lincoln Jr.]] (Democratic-Republican) 6
* Scattering 5<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 19, 2018 | title= Massachusetts 1816 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.2.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#New Hampshire|New Hampshire]]
| [[Thomas W. Thompson]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1814 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire|1814 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|elected]]-->elected in 1816 on the third ballot.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[David L. Morrill]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 92
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John F. Parrott]] (Democratic-Republican) 86
* Scattering 5<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 17, 2018 | title= New Hampshire 1816 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator1c.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#New Jersey|New Jersey]]
| [[John Condit]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1809 United States Senate special election in New Jersey|1809 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in New Jersey|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate election in New Jersey|elected]]-->elected January 23, 1817.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Mahlon Dickerson]]''' (Democratic-Republican)
* ''Unopposed''<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 25, 2018 | title= New Jersey 1817 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1817}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#North Carolina (Regular)|North Carolina]]
| [[James Turner (North Carolina politician)|James Turner]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1804 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1804]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in North Carolina|elected]]-->elected December 4, 1816 on the second ballot.<br/>Winner was also elected to finish the previous term; see above.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Montfort Stokes]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 96
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Bartlett Yancey]] (Democratic-Republican) 91
* {{Data missing|date=February 2020}}<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 23, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1816 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenate2.1816}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]
| [[Jeremiah B. Howell|Jeremiah Howell]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1810 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|elected]]-->elected June 21, 1816.<ref name=RITufts/><br/>'''Federalist gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Burrill Jr.]]''' (Federalist) Unanimous<ref name=RITufts>{{Cite web | url=https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/r781wh68f |title = A New Nation Votes}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#South Carolina (Regular)|South Carolina]]
| [[John Taylor (South Carolina governor)|John Taylor]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1810 United States Senate special election in South Carolina|1810 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in South Carolina|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 1816.<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in South Carolina|elected]]-->elected December 4, 1816.<br/>Winner was also elected to the previous term, see above.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Smith (South Carolina senator)|William Smith]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 101
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James R. Pringle]] (Unknown) 51<ref name="South Carolina"/>
}}
|-
! [[#Tennessee (Regular)|Tennessee]]
| [[John Williams (Tennessee politician)|John Williams]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1815 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1815 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.<br/>Legislature failed to elect.<br/>Incumbent was appointed to start the term.<br/>Democratic-Republican loss.
| None.
|-
! [[#Virginia (Regular)|Virginia]]
| [[Armistead Thomson Mason|Armistead T. Mason]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-Republican
| [[1816 United States Senate special election in Virginia|1816 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election, but he was an [[1817 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia|unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives]].<br/>New senator <!--[[1816 United States Senate election in Virginia|elected]]-->elected December 9, 1816.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[John W. Eppes]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 103
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John Mercer (Virginia politician)|John Mercer]] (Democratic-Republican) 93<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=412486 | work=Our Campaigns | date=January 11, 2008 | access-date=March 16, 2015| title=VA US Senate}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 17, 2018 | title= Virginia 1816 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.b.1816}}</ref>
}}
|}
=== Elections during the next Congress ===
In three special elections and two general elections, the winners were elected in 1817 after March 4; ordered by election date.
{| class=wikitable
|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates
|-
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral history
|-
! [[#New Hampshire (special)|New Hampshire]]<br/>(Class 3)
| [[Jeremiah Mason]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1813 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire|1813 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Incumbent resigned June 16, 1817.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire|elected]]-->elected June 27, 1817 on the thirteenth ballot.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Clement Storer]]''' (Democratic-Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[Jeremiah Smith (lawyer)|Jeremiah Smith]] (Federalist)<ref name=NH3>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 17, 2018 | title= New Hampshire 1817 U.S. Senate, Ballot 13 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenate.13.1817}}</ref>{{Efn | "An unfortunate disagreement among some of the members of the House, with regard to a candidate for Senator to Congress, was the occasion of several ballotings before a choice could be made. The Hon. CLEMENT STORER, was however, elected by the unanimous voice of the Republican members of the Senate, which vote was concurred by the House, on Thursday, by a plurality of eleven votes."<ref name=NH3/>}}{{Efn|"The ballotings for a Senator to Congress, (after 13 trials, in which 33 persons were voted for) resulted in the choice of the Hon. CLEMENT STORER, by a majority of 8 or 10." Farmer's Cabinet (Amherst, NH). July 5, 1817.<ref name=NH3/>}}
}}
|-
! [[#Tennessee (special)|Tennessee]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[John Williams (Tennessee politician)|John Williams]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1815 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1815 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| Legislature had failed to elect and the incumbent was then appointed to start the term.<br/>Interim appointee was <!--[[1817 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|re-elected]]-->re-elected October 2, 1817 to finish the term.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Williams (Tennessee politician)|John Williams]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 51
* ''Unopposed''<ref>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= May 24, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1817 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.1817}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Vermont (special)|Vermont]]<br/>(Class 3)
| [[Dudley Chase]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1812 United States Senate election in Vermont|1812]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Resgined November 3, 1817.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate special election in Vermont|elected]]-->elected November 4, 1817.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Fisk (politician)|James Fisk]]''' (Democratic-Republican)
* {{Data missing|date=February 2020}}
}}
|-
! [[#Mississippi|Mississippi]]<br/>(Class 1)
| colspan=3 | None (new state)
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Mississippi was admitted as a new state.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate elections in Mississippi|elected]]-->elected December 10, 1817 on the fifth ballot.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Walter Leake]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 15
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Christopher Rankin]] (Democratic-Republican) 8
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Cowles Mead]] (Democratic-Republican) 5
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Thomas Hill Williams|Thomas H. Williams]] (Democratic-Republican) 1<ref name=MS1>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= October 29, 2019 | title= Mississippi 1817 U.S. Senate, First Senator, Ballot 5 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/6t053h536}}</ref>
}}
|-
! [[#Mississippi|Mississippi]]<br/>(Class 2)
| colspan=3 | None (new state)
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Mississippi was admitted as a new state.<br/>New senator <!--[[1817 United States Senate elections in Mississippi|elected]]-->elected December 10, 1817 on the fourth ballot.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist |
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Hill Williams|Thomas H. Williams]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 16
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Cowles Mead]] (Democratic-Republican) 12
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Christopher Rankin]] (Democratic-Republican) 1<ref name=MS2>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= October 29, 2019 | title= Mississippi 1817 U.S. Senate, Second Senator, Ballot 4 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/rj430515b}}</ref>
}}
|}
== Delaware ==
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate election in Delaware}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Delaware}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Georgia ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from Georgia}}
=== Georgia (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in Georgia}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== Georgia (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate special election in Georgia}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Indiana ==
{{Multiple image
| width    = 125
| header   = '''Indiana's senators'''
| image1   = Jamesnobleindiana.jpg
| caption1 = [[James Noble (senator)|James Noble]] (DR)<br/>(Class 1)
| image2   = WallerTaylor.jpg
| caption2 = [[Waller Taylor]] (DR)<br/>(Class 3)
}}
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in Indiana}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Indiana}}
The new state of [[Indiana]] elected its first two senators, both Democratic-Republicans, [[James Noble (senator)|James Noble]] and [[Waller Taylor]].  The election was held November 8, 1816 in advance of Indiana's December 11, 1816 admission as a state.  In the election legislators cast a single ballot and the first and second place candidates were deemed elected.
{{Plainlist |
* {{Aye}} '''[[James Noble (senator)|James Noble]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 265 votes
* {{Aye}} '''[[Waller Taylor]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 20 votes
* [[James Scott (Indiana judge)|James Scott]] 16 votes
* [[Jesse Lynch Holman|Jesse L. Holman]] 3 votes
* [[Ezra Ferris]] 2 votes
* [[Davis Floyd]] 2 votes
* [[Walter Wilson (Indiana)|Walter Wilson]] 2 votes
* [[Elias MacNamee]] 1 vote<ref name=Indiana/>
}}
{{Clear}}
== Kentucky ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from Kentucky}}
=== Kentucky (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in Kentucky}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== Kentucky (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate special election in Kentucky}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Kentucky}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Louisiana ==
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate election in Louisiana}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Louisiana}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Maryland (special) ==
=== Maryland (special, January 1816) ===
<!-- {{Main|1816 January United States Senate special election in Maryland}} -->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Maryland}}
{{Expand section|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1816 United States Senate special election in Maryland
| popular_vote1 = '''45'''
| colour1 = F6D6C9
| percentage1 = '''50.56%'''
| party1 = Federalist
| candidate1 = '''[[Robert Goodloe Harper]]'''
| image1 = Robert Goodloe Harper (1765-1825).jpg
| popular_vote2 = 44
| colour2 =
| percentage2 = 49.44%
| party2 =
| candidate2 = [[John Thomson Mason]]
| image2 =
| next_year = 1816
| next_election = 1816 United States Senate special elections in Maryland
| previous_year = 1808
| previous_election = 1808 United States Senate election in Maryland
| votes_for_election = 80 members of the [[Maryland General Assembly]]
| vote_type = Legislative
| election_date = January 27, 1816
| type = presidential
}}
[[Robert Goodloe Harper]] won election over [[John Thomson Mason]] by a margin of 1.12%, or 1 vote, for the Class 1 seat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122673|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Jan 27, 1816|access-date=2022-11-05|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}</ref>
{{Clear}}
=== Maryland (special, December 1816) ===
<!-- {{Main|1816 January United States Senate special election in Maryland}} -->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Maryland}}
{{Expand section|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1816 United States Senate special election in Maryland
| popular_vote1 = '''46'''
| colour1 = F6D6C9
| percentage1 = '''54.12%'''
| party1 = Federalist
| candidate1 = '''[[Alexander Contee Hanson]]'''
| image1 = Alexanderhanson.jpg
| popular_vote2 = 39
| colour2 =
| percentage2 = 45.88%
| party2 = Democratic-Republican
| candidate2 = William Winder
| image2 =
| next_year = 1819
| next_election = 1819 United States Senate special election in Maryland
| previous_year = 1816
| previous_election = 1816 United States Senate special elections in Maryland
| votes_for_election = 80 members of the [[Maryland General Assembly]]
| vote_type = Legislative
| election_date = January 27, 1816
| type = presidential
}}
[[Alexander Contee Hanson]] won election over William Winder by a margin of 8.24%, or 7 votes, for the Class 1 seat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122673|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Jan 27, 1816|access-date=2022-11-05|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}</ref>
{{Clear}}
== Massachusetts ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from Massachusetts}}
=== Massachusetts (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in Massachusetts}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== Massachusetts (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Massachusetts}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Mississippi ==
{{Multiple image
| width    = 125
| header   = '''Mississippi's senators'''
| image1   = Walter Leake.jpg
| caption1 = [[Walter Leake]] (DR)<br/>(Class 1)
| image2   = Thomas Hill Williams.jpg
| caption2 = [[Thomas Hill Williams|Thomas H. Williams]] (DR)<br/>(Class 2)
}}
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate elections in Mississippi}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Mississippi}}
The new state of [[Mississippi]] elected its first two senators, both Democratic-Republicans, [[Walter Leake]] and [[Thomas Hill Williams|Thomas H. Williams]].  Two separate elections were held in which each senator was elected.
'''First Senator (Class 1)'''<br/>(5th ballot, date and previous ballots unknown)
{{Plainlist |
* {{Aye}} '''[[Walter Leake]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 15 votes
* [[Christopher Rankin]] 8 votes
* [[Cowles Mead]] 5 votes
* [[Thomas Hill Williams|Thomas H. Williams]] 1 vote<ref name=MS1/>
}}
'''Second Senator (Class 2)'''<br/>(4th ballot, date and previous ballots unknown)
{{Plainlist |
* {{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Hill Williams|Thomas H. Williams]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 16 votes
* [[Cowles Mead]] 12 votes
* [[Christopher Rankin]] 1 vote<ref name=MS2/>
}}
{{Clear}}
== New Hampshire ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from New Hampshire}}
=== New Hampshire (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in New Hampshire}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== New Hampshire (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from New Hampshire}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== New Jersey ==
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate election in New Jersey}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from New Jersey}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== North Carolina ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from North Carolina}}
=== North Carolina (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in North Carolina}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== North Carolina (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate special election in North Carolina}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from North Carolina}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Rhode Island ==
<!--{{Main|1816 or 1817 United States Senate election in Rhode Island}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Rhode Island}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== South Carolina ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from South Carolina}}
=== South Carolina (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in South Carolina}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== South Carolina (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate special election in South Carolina}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from South Carolina}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Tennessee ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from Tennessee}}
=== Tennessee (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 or 1817 United States Senate election in Tennessee}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== Tennessee (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate special election in Tennessee}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Tennessee}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Vermont (special) ==
<!--{{Main|1817 United States Senate special election in Vermont}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Vermont}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== Virginia ==
{{See also|List of United States senators from Virginia}}
=== Virginia (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate election in Virginia}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
=== Virginia (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1816 United States Senate special election in Virginia}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Virginia}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
== See also ==
* [[1816 United States elections]]
** [[1816 United States presidential election]]
** [[1816–17 United States House of Representatives elections]]
* [[14th United States Congress]]
* [[15th United States Congress]]
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present], via Senate.gov
* {{Cite book | title= The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992 | edition=volume 4 Bicentennial | first= Robert C. | last= Byrd | author-link1=Robert Byrd | editor1-first = Wendy | editor1-last =Wolff | department = [[United States Senate Historical Office]] | location =Washington, DC | publisher=[[U.S. Government Printing Office]] | date=October 1, 1993 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C | isbn=9780160632563 }}
{{United States Senate elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1816-17 United States Senate elections}}
[[Category:1816 United States Senate elections| ]]
[[Category:1817 United States Senate elections| ]]