View source for 813

{{Year dab|813|the novel|813 (novel)|the film|813 (film)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|813}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:The victory of Maʿmun over Amin, folio from a manuscript of Nigaristan, Iran, probably Shiraz, dated 1573-74.jpg|200px|thumb|The victory of [[al-Ma'mun]] over [[al-Amin]] (death of al-Amin in 813).]]
[[File:versinikia.png|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Battle of Versinikia]] near [[Edirne]] ([[Turkey]])]]
{{year article header|813}}
== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Battle of Versinikia]]: The [[Bulgars]], led by [[Krum]], ruler (''[[Khan (title)|khan]]'') of the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]], defeat Emperor [[Michael I Rangabe|Michael I]] near [[Edirne]] (modern [[Turkey]]). The [[Byzantine army]] (26,000 men) is destroyed by a counter-attack of Bulgarian [[heavy cavalry]], while trapped in the valley. Krum captures the Byzantine [[Military camp|camp]] and a rich prize, including [[gold]] and [[weapon]]ry.
* [[July 11]] &ndash; Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general [[Leo V the Armenian|Leo the Armenian]], and becomes a [[monk]] (under the name Athanasius). His sons are [[Castration|castrated]] to prevent them succeeding the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] throne, and relegated into [[Monastery|monasteries]]. One of them, Niketas (renamed [[Ignatios of Constantinople|Ignatius]]), eventually becomes a [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople|patriarch of Constantinople]].
* [[July 17]] &ndash; Krum reaches [[Constantinople]], and [[Siege of Constantinople (813)|sets his camp]] outside the walls. He is given an invitation, and a promise of safe conduct, to meet Leo V. Krum sets out unarmed for the capital with only a small escort, but is [[ambush]]ed and manages to escape. After this unsuccessful Byzantine murder attempt, the Bulgars ravage much of [[East Thrace|Eastern Thrace]].<ref>{{The Early Medieval Balkans|pp=98–99}}</ref>
* Autumn &ndash; [[Siege of Adrianople (813)|Siege of Adrianople]]: Krum captures Adrianople—one of the most important Byzantine fortresses in [[Thrace]]—after being attacked with [[siege engine]]s. The [[garrison]] is forced to surrender, due to [[starvation]]. On the orders of Krum, the population of the surrounding area (numbering about 10,000) is transferred to Bulgarian territory, north of the [[Danube]].<ref>Runciman, [http://www.promacedonia.com/en/sr_2_1.htm pp. 64–65]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref>
* [[Ashot I of Iberia|Ashot I]] ("the Great") becomes the first [[Bagrationi dynasty|Georgian Bagratid]] prince of [[Principality of Iberia|Iberia]], under Byzantine protection.
==== Europe ====
* [[September 11]] — [[Louis the Pious]], king of [[Aquitaine]] (and only surviving legitimate son), is crowned co-emperor of the [[Franks]], with his father [[Charlemagne]].
* Danish [[Vikings|Viking]] raiders, led by King [[Horik I]], attack [[Vestfold]] (modern Norway), due to its insubordination (approximate date).
==== Abbasid Caliphate ====
* Autumn &ndash; [[Siege of Baghdad (812–813)|Siege of Baghdad]]: Caliph [[al-Amin]] surrenders [[Baghdad]], after al-Ma'mun's General Tahir accepts his peace terms, but he is captured and executed. His brother [[al-Ma'mun]] becomes undisputed ruler of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]].<ref>Fishbein (1992), pp. 197–202.</ref>
[[File:The populace pays allegiance to the new Abbasid Caliph, al-Ma'mun (6124531161).jpg|200px|thumb|right|The populace pays [[Bay'ah|Allegiance]] to the new Abbasid caliph, [[al-Ma'mun]] in 813. (Tarikh-i Alfi 1593 CE)]]
* The Baghdad School of [[Astronomy]] is opened by al-Ma'mun.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Islamic Astronomy |issue = 4| journal=Scientific American |volume = 254| author=Owen Gingerich | year=1986 | pages=74–83|jstor = 24975932|doi = 10.1038/scientificamerican0486-74|bibcode = 1986SciAm.254d..74G}}</ref>
* Caliph [[Al-Ma'mun|al Ma’mun]] founds a school in [[Baghdad]] called the [[House of Wisdom]]. In this school scholars translated [[Greek philosophy]] classics into Arabic.
=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Third Council of Tours]]: Priests are ordered to preach in the [[vernacular]] (either [[Vulgar Latin]] or German).<ref>Nadeau, Jean-Benoît and Barlow, Julie, The Story of French (Alfred A. Knopf 2006), p. 25.</ref>
</onlyinclude>
== Births ==
* [[Fujiwara no Yoshimi]], Japanese [[Nobility|nobleman]] (d. 867)
* [[Fujiwara no Yoshisuke]], Japanese statesman (d. [[867]])
* [[Li Rong (prince)|Li Rong]], prince of the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] (or [[812]])
* [[Li Shangyin]], Chinese official and [[Chinese poetry|poet]] (d. [[858]])
* [[Moses Bar-Kepha]], Syriac bishop (approximate date)
* [[Muhammad at-Taqi (Isma'ili)|Muhammad at-Taqi]], Muslim ninth [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] imam (or [[814]])
* [[Theophilos (emperor)|Theophilus]], emperor of the [[Byzantine Empire]] (d. [[842]])
* [[Wandelbert]], [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] monk (approximate date)
== Deaths ==
* [[Ibn Wahb|’Abd Allah ibn Wahb]], Muslim [[Fiqh|jurist]] (b. [[743]])
* [[Eanberht of Hexham|Eanberht]], bishop of [[Hexham]] (approximate date)
* [[Al-Amin|Muhammad ibn Harun al-Amin]], Muslim [[caliph]] (b. [[AD 787|787]])
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
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[[Category:813| ]]