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{{for multi|the place in Azerbaijan|Ağrı, Azerbaijan|Mount Ağrı (Ağrı Dağı)|Mount Ararat}}
{{Infobox Turkey place
| type                 = municipality
| name                 = Ağrı
| other_name           =
| image_skyline        = Ağrı-Şehir-Merkezinden-Caddeden-Binaların-Görünümü.jpg
| image_caption        = City center of Ağrı
| image_shield         =
| coordinates          = {{coord|39|43|07|N|43|03|03|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| province             = Ağrı
| district             = Ağrı
| leader_party         = DEM
| leader_name          = Hazal Aras
| area_footnotes       =
| area_total_km2       =
| elevation_m          = 1640
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
| population_total     = 120390
| population_as_of     = 2021
| postal_code          =
| website              = {{URL|http://www.agri.bel.tr/}}
}}
'''Ağrı''' ({{IPA|tr|ɑːɾɯ}}; {{langx|ku-Latn|Agirî}};<ref>{{cite book|author1=Adem Avcıkıran|url=http://tirsik.net/danegeh/pirtuk/ismail%20bulbul/anamneza%20bi%20kurmanc%C3%AE.pdf|title=Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî|date=2009|page=56|language=tr, ku|access-date=17 December 2019}}</ref> {{Langx|hy|Քարբեր|translit=Karber}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Էջ:Հայբուսակ.pdf/447|url=https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BB:%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF.pdf/447|access-date=2021-03-10|website=hy.wikisource.org|language=hy}}</ref>) is a city in eastern [[Turkey]], near the border with [[Iran]]. It is the seat of [[Ağrı Province]] and [[Ağrı District]].<ref name=il>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx İl Belediyesi], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 January 2023.</ref> Its population is 120,390 (2021).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2021|url=https://www.tuik.gov.tr/indir/duyuru/favori_raporlar.xlsx |access-date=12 January 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=tr |format=XLS}}</ref> Formerly known as '''Karaköse''' ({{langx|ku|Qerekose}})<ref>[http://www.yeniozgurpolitika.org/arsiv/?bolum=haber&hid=58735 'Azadiya Demirbaş ji bo aştiyê girîng e'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193923/http://www.yeniozgurpolitika.org/arsiv/?bolum=haber&hid=58735|date=2013-10-29}}, ''Yeni Özgür Politika'', May 06, 2010. {{in lang|ku}}</ref> from the early Turkish republican period until 1946, and before that as '''Karakilise''' ({{langx|ota|قره‌کلیسا|Karakilisa|lit=Black Church}}; {{Langx|hy|Ղարաքիլիսա|translit=Gharakilisa}}), the city is now named after Ağrı, the Turkish name of [[Mount Ararat]]''.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Agri-Turkey|title=Ağrı {{!}} Turkey|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-09-09}}</ref>
==History==
The current town center was founded around 1860 by a group of [[Armenian people|Armenian]] merchants from [[Bitlis]] with the name Karakilise ({{lang|ota|قره‌کلیسا}}, {{Literal translation|the black church}}) that became known to the local population as Karakise, and this version was turned officially to Karaköse at the beginning of the Republican era. This name was changed to Ağrı by 1946.{{cn |date=September 2023}}
In the years of 1927 to 1931, the region was under the occupation of the [[Kurds|Kurdish]] separatist movements, which gained to establish an unrecognized state named [[Republic of Ararat]] which was led by several [[Kurds|Kurdish]] leaders, some of the Main were [[Ibrahim Heski]] and [[Ihsan Nuri]].{{cn |date=September 2023}}
In the medieval period, the district's administrative centre was located at [[Eleşkirt|Alashkert]], once an important town. The "kara kilise" or "black church" that gave the town its name was a medieval Armenian church. In 1895 [[H. F. B. Lynch]] stayed in Karakilise and wrote that it had between 1500 and 2000 inhabitants, was nearly two-thirds Armenian, and that a barracks for a locally recruited [[Hamidiye (cavalry)|Kurdish Hamidiye regiment]] had been recently located in the town.<ref>H. F. B. Lynch, "Armenia, Travels and Studies, volume 2, pages 3 - 9.</ref>
The Armenian population of the town and surrounding valley was massacred by tribal [[Kurds]] during the [[Armenian Genocide]]: a ''New York Times'' report from March 1915 mentions the Alashkert valley being covered with the bodies of men, women, and children.<ref>''Turks and Kurds Reported to have Massacred Men, Women, and Children'' [https://www.nytimes.com/1915/03/20/archives/whole-plain-strewn-by-armenian-bodies-turks-and-kurds-reported-to.html], New York Times, 20 March 1915. [https://fundamentalarmenology.am/datas/pdfs/44.pdf Archive]</ref>
==Economy and infrastructure==
Ağrı contains most of the industry in Ağrı Province, where the main economic activity is agriculture and animal husbandry. There is Ağrı Meat and Milk Factory. The ELDESAN leather factory is one of the biggest in the region. There are also a sugar factory, shoe factory, flour mills, agricultural equipment manufacturing sites, brick factory, lime factory, furniture factory, dairy factory and textile mills.<ref>
[http://agrirehberi.com/yasam/yasam.html Ağrı sosyal yaşam<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119085547/http://agrirehberi.com/yasam/yasam.html |date=January 19, 2013 }}</ref>
North of Ağrı, there is a longwave broadcasting station with 2 250 metres tall guyed masts, broadcasting on 162&nbsp;kHz with 1000&nbsp;kW.
It is a very poor region with extremely cold winters. Most people live by grazing animals on the mountainside. Few people manage to attend university; people tend to marry in their teens, and families with ten or more children are common. The local MP [[Fatma Salman Kotan]] has written of the need to erode the patriarchal nature of society in the region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=232137 |title=Radikal-çevrimiçi / Politika / Bir vekilin öyküsü doğu kadınının dramı<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2007-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930204625/http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=232137 |archive-date=2007-09-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
== Demographics ==
On the eve of the [[First World War]], 8,180 [[Armenians]] lived in the [[kaza]] of Karakilise. The city itself had a total population of 4,500, half of them being Armenians. The town had two Armenian schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sancak Beyazıt / Payazat / Դարոյնք - Daruynk' / Daryunk' |url=https://virtual-genocide-memorial.de/region/the-six-provinces/erzurum-vilayet/sancak-beyazit-%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%B6%D6%84-daruynk-daryunk/ |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=Virtual Genocide Memorial |language=en-US}}</ref>
== Climate ==
Ağrı has a Mediterranean-influenced warm-summer [[humid continental climate]] (Dsb) under [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] and a warm summer continental climate (Dcb) under [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]] classification. Summers are generally brief but warm with cool nights.  The average high temperature in August is roughly {{convert|30|°C|°F|lk=on|abbr=on}}. Winters are very cold. The average low January temperature is {{convert|-16|°C|°F|lk=on|abbr=on}}. It snows a lot in winter, staying for an average of four months in the city. The highest recorded temperature was {{convert|39.9|°C|°F|lk=on|abbr=on}} on 10 August 1961. The lowest recorded temperature in Ağrı was {{convert|-43.8|°C|°F|lk=on|abbr=on}} on 20 January 1972. The highest recorded snow thickness was 225&nbsp;cm ( 88.6 inches) on 21 February 1985.
{{Weather box|location = Ağrı (1991–2020, extremes 1940–2023) (elevation:1646 m)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|collapsed = y
|Jan record high C = 9.6
|Feb record high C = 13.0
|Mar record high C = 21.5
|Apr record high C = 27.2
|May record high C = 32.7
|Jun record high C = 37.9
|Jul record high C = 39.8
|Aug record high C = 39.9
|Sep record high C = 35.3
|Oct record high C = 29.2
|Nov record high C = 19.8
|Dec record high C = 16.0
|year record high C = 39.9
|Jan high C = -4.6
|Feb high C = -2.6
|Mar high C = 3.7
|Apr high C = 12.9
|May high C = 18.8
|Jun high C = 24.9
|Jul high C = 29.8
|Aug high C = 30.8
|Sep high C = 25.7
|Oct high C = 18.0
|Nov high C = 8.2
|Dec high C = -1.1
|year high C = 13.7
|Jan mean C = -10.0
|Feb mean C = -8.6
|Mar mean C = -1.7
|Apr mean C = 6.7
|May mean C = 11.9
|Jun mean C = 16.9
|Jul mean C = 21.3
|Aug mean C = 21.8
|Sep mean C = 16.7
|Oct mean C = 9.8
|Nov mean C = 1.5
|Dec mean C = -6.0
|year mean C = 6.7
|Jan low C = -14.8
|Feb low C = -13.8
|Mar low C = -6.4
|Apr low C = 1.4
|May low C = 5.5
|Jun low C = 8.9
|Jul low C = 12.9
|Aug low C = 13.0
|Sep low C = 7.8
|Oct low C = 2.9
|Nov low C = -3.7
|Dec low C = -10.2
|year low C = 0.3
|Jan record low C = -43.8
|Feb record low C = -42.8
|Mar record low C = -39.6
|Apr record low C = -22.2
|May record low C = -9.0
|Jun record low C = -3.0
|Jul record low C = 1.7
|Aug record low C = 0.0
|Sep record low C = -4.1
|Oct record low C = -13.0
|Nov record low C = -31.6
|Dec record low C = -39.8
|year record low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 36.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 39.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 49.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 75.1
|May precipitation mm = 76.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 42.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 22.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 13.7
|Sep precipitation mm = 20.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 51.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 41.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 42.9
|year precipitation mm = 512.9
|Jan precipitation days = 10.9
|Feb precipitation days = 10.67
|Mar precipitation days = 11.97
|Apr precipitation days = 15.23
|May precipitation days = 16.23
|Jun precipitation days = 9.87
|Jul precipitation days = 6.90
|Aug precipitation days = 4.73
|Sep precipitation days = 4.8
|Oct precipitation days = 9.2
|Nov precipitation days = 7.43
|Dec precipitation days = 10.87
|year precipitation days = 118.8
| Jan snow days  =10.1
| Feb snow days  =8.4
| Mar snow days  =6.3
| Apr snow days  =1.3
| May snow days  =0.1
| Jun snow days  =0
| Jul snow days  =0
| Aug snow days  =0
| Sep snow days  =0
| Oct snow days  =0
| Nov snow days  =1.5
| Dec snow days  =6.6
| year snow days =
| Jan humidity    =78.3
| Feb humidity    =78.4
| Mar humidity    =76
| Apr humidity    =69.4
| May humidity    =66.6
| Jun humidity    =60
| Jul humidity    =53.7
| Aug humidity    =50
| Sep humidity    =52.9
| Oct humidity    =64.6
| Nov humidity    =72.8
| Dec humidity    =79.5
| year humidity   =
|Jan sun = 71.3
|Feb sun = 90.4
|Mar sun = 133.3
|Apr sun = 171.0
|May sun = 229.4
|Jun sun = 282.0
|Jul sun = 313.1
|Aug sun = 306.9
|Sep sun = 270.0
|Oct sun = 210.8
|Nov sun = 138.0
|Dec sun = 71.3
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 2.3
|Febd sun = 3.2
|Mard sun = 4.3
|Aprd sun = 5.7
|Mayd sun = 7.4
|Jund sun = 9.4
|Juld sun = 10.1
|Augd sun = 9.9
|Sepd sun = 9.0
|Octd sun = 6.8
|Novd sun = 4.6
|Decd sun = 2.3
|yeard sun = 6.2
|source 1 = [[Turkish State Meteorological Service]]<ref name=eather1>
{{cite web
| url = https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=H&m=AGRI
| title = Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)
| publisher = Turkish State Meteorological Service
| language = tr
| access-date = 2 May 2021}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[NOAA]] (humidity),<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Agri_17099.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Agri |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA|National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration]] |no-pp=y |format=CSV |quote=WMO Station Number: 17099}}</ref> Meteomanz (snow days 2008-2023)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=6290&ind=17099&m1=01&y1=2000&m2=12&y2=2023 |title=AGRI - Weather data by months |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=meteomanz}}</ref>
|date=January 2016
}}
==Notable people==
* [[Şakiro]] (1936-1996), Kurdish [[Dengbêj]] singer<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://biyografi.kurtcebilgi.com/kurt-dengbejler-biyografisi/dengbej-sakiro/|title = Dengbej Şakıro Biyografisi}}</ref>
* [[Yaşar Ören]] (1942*), cross-country skier
* [[Celal Adan]] (1952*), politician
* [[Nizamettin Ariç]] (1956*), contemporary Kurdish singer, composer and director
* [[Abdullah Yılmaz (skier)|Abdullah Yilmaz]] (1961*), cross-country skier
* [[Erhan Dursun]] (1962*), cross-country skier
* [[Cesim Gökçe]] (1968*), politician
* [[Fatma Salman Kotan]] (1970*), Member of Parliament for Ağrı
* [[Savci Sayan]] (1971*), politician and current mayor of Ağrı<ref>{{cite web|access-date=7 February 2020|archive-date=1 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101232850/https://agri.bel.tr/sayfa/baskanin-ozgecmisi/|title=Arşivlenmiş kopya|url=https://agri.bel.tr/sayfa/baskanin-ozgecmisi/}}</ref>
* [[Şahe bedo]] (1976*), [[Kurds|Kurdish]] Singer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.sabah.com.tr/sahe-bedo-kimdir-/amp|title=Şahe Bedo Kimdir? - Güncel Şahe Bedo Haberleri}}</ref>
* [[Mehmet Emin İlhan]] (1979*), politician
* [[Berdan Öztürk]] (1980*), politician
* [[Dirayet Taşdemir]] (1982*), politician
* [[Türkan Erişmiş]] (1984*), middle distance runner
* [[Adem Kılıçcı]] (1986*), amateur boxer in the middleweight division
* [[Nesim Turan]] (1992*), para table tennis player
* [[Bayram Malkan]] (1994*), boxer in the light heavyweight
* [[Zeynep Çelik (judoka)|Zeynep Çelik]] (1996*), Paralympic judoka
* [[Kader Çelik]] (2001*), Paralympian goalball player
* [[Cemal Kaya]] (1962*), politician  <ref>{{Cite web|url= https://tr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemal_Kaya|title= Cemal Kaya}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=May 2024}}
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
==External links==
* [http://www.diyadinnet.com Ağrı] {{in lang|tr}}
{{Ağrı District|state=collapsed}}
{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Ağrı|image=Ağrı|sortkey=Ağrı}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agri}}
[[Category:Ağrı| ]]
[[Category:Kurdish settlements in Ağrı Province]]
[[Category:Provincial municipalities in Turkey]]
[[Category:Former Armenian communities in Ağrı Province]]