View source for ATR 42

{{short description|Regional turboprop airliner family}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{{Infobox aircraft
| name = ATR 42
| image = File:ATR 42-500 Hop! (HOP) F-GPYK - MSN 537 (10276128103).jpg
| caption = A [[HOP!]] ATR 42-500 on final approach
| more_users = [[Canadian North]]<br />[[Silver Airways]]
| type = [[Regional airliner#Turboprop regional aircraft|Turboprop Regional airliner]]
| national_origin = [[France]]/[[Italy]]
| manufacturer = [[ATR (aviation)|ATR]]
| designer =
| first_flight = 16 August 1984
| introduction = 3 December 1985
| retired =
| status = In service
| primary_user = [[FedEx Feeder]]
| produced = 1984–present
| number_built = 503<ref>{{cite web |url= https://rzjets.net/aircraft/?typeid=310 |title=ATR 42, ATR 72 Production list |access-date=2024-07-15}}</ref>
| unit cost = 42-600: $19.5 million (2012)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.airfinancejournal.com/Article/3160018/Aircraft-Profile-ATR-42-500.html |title= Aircraft Profile: ATR 42-500 |date= 15 November 2012 |publisher= Airfinance Journal }}</ref>
| program cost = $250 million (estimated, 1981 - ${{inflation|USD|250|1981|r=-1}} million today)<ref name=Flight19dec1981 />
| developed_into = [[ATR 52]] (unbuilt)<br/>[[ATR 72]]
| variants =
}}
The '''ATR 42''' is a [[regional airliner]] produced by Franco-Italian manufacturer [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]], with final assembly in [[Toulouse]], France.
<!--development-->
On 4 November 1981, the aircraft was launched with ATR, as a [[joint venture]] between French [[Aérospatiale]] (now part of [[Airbus]]) and [[Aeritalia]] (now [[Leonardo S.p.A.]]).
The ATR 42-300 performed its [[maiden flight]] on 16 August 1984 and [[type certification]] was granted during September 1985.
Launch customer [[Air Littoral]] operated its first revenue-earning flight in December of that year.
<!--design-->
The [[high-wing]] airliner is powered by two [[turboprop]] engines, [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120]]s.
The number "42" in its name is derived from the aircraft's original standard seating capacity of 42 passengers.
<!--variants-->
Later variants are upgraded with new [[avionics]], a [[glass cockpit]], and newer engine versions.
The ATR 42 is the basis for the stretched [[ATR 72]], introduced in October 1989.
== Development ==
During the 1960s and 1970s, European aircraft manufacturers had, for the most part, undergone considerable corporate restructuring, including [[merger]]s and consolidations, as well as moving towards collaborative multinational programmes, such as the newly launched [[Airbus A300]]. In line with this trend towards intra-European co-operation, French [[aerospace manufacturer]] Aérospatiale and Italian aviation conglomerate Aeritalia commenced discussions on the topic of working together to develop an all-new [[regional airliner]]. Prior to this, both companies had been independently conducting studies for their own aircraft concepts, the AS 35 design in the case of Aerospatiale and the AIT 230 for Aeritalia, to conform with demand within this sector of the market as early as 1978.<ref name="milestones 2017" />
=== Initial development ===
[[File:16.08.84 1er Vol de l'ATR 42 (1984) - 53Fi2096 (cropped).jpg|thumb|First flight at [[Toulouse–Blagnac Airport]], 16 August 1984]]
On 4 November 1981, a formal co-operation agreement was signed by Aeritalia chairman Renato Bonifacio and Aerospatiale chairman [[Jacques Mitterrand]] in [[Paris]]. This agreement signaled not only the merger of their efforts, but also of their separate concept designs together into a single complete aircraft design for the purpose of pursuing its development and manufacture as a collaborative [[joint venture]].<ref name="milestones 2017" />
The consortium then targeted a similar unit cost, but a {{cvt|950|lb|kg|order=flip|adj=on}} [[fuel economy in aircraft|fuel consumption]] over a {{cvt|200|nmi}} sector, nearly half the {{cvt|1,750|lb|order=flip}} required by its 40-50 seat competitors, the [[British Aerospace HS.748]] and [[Fokker F.27]], and planned a 58-seat ATR XX stretch.<ref name=Flight19dec1981>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%203938.html |title= ATR42 promises low-cost operations |magazine= Flight International |date= 19 December 1981}}</ref>
This agreement served not only as the basis and origins of the [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] company, but also as the effective launch point of what would become the fledgling firm's first aircraft, which was designated as the ATR 42. By 1983, ATR's customer services division has been set up, readying infrastructure worldwide to provide support for ATR's upcoming aircraft to any customer regardless of location.<ref name="milestones 2017">[http://www.atraircraft.com/about-atr/corporate-overview/milestones.html?id=105 "Company milestones."] ''[[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]]'', Retrieved: 29 July 2017.</ref>
On 16 August 1984, the first ATR 42 conducted its [[maiden flight]] from [[Toulouse Airport]], France.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> During September 1985, both the French [[Directorate General for Civil Aviation (France)|Directorate General for Civil Aviation]] (DGCA) and the Italian [[Italian Civil Aviation Authority]] awarded [[type certification]] for the type, clearing it to commence operational service.
=== Introduction ===
[[File:98bw - Air Littoral ATR 42-500, F-GPYO@ZRH;19.06.2000 (5363539128).jpg|thumb|An ATR 42 of [[Air Littoral]], which served as the type's launch operator]]
On 3 December 1985, the first production aircraft, designated as the ATR 42-300, was delivered to French launch customer [[Air Littoral]], with the first revenue service, between [[Béziers Cap d'Agde Airport]] and [[Orly Airport|Paris Orly]] airport taking place on 23 December.<ref name="milestones arch">{{Cite web |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/milestone2.htm |title=Milestones |publisher = [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017034141/http://www.atraircraft.com/milestone2.htm |date=2006 |archive-date=17 October 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bénichou |first1=Michel |last2=Roux |first2=Robert J. |title=Fanactualites: 1<sup>er</sup> vols |magazine=Le Fana de l'Aviation |date=January 1986 |issue=194 |page=52 |language=fr}}</ref> During January 1986, already confident of the ATR 42's success and of the demand for an enlarged version of the aircraft, ATR announced that the launch of a programme to develop such an aircraft, which was designated as the ATR 72 to reflect its increased passenger capacity.<ref name="milestones 2017" />
By the end of 1986, the ATR 42 had accumulated a sizable backlog of orders, which in turn led to a ramping up of the type's rate of production.<ref name="milestones arch" /> During August 1988, ATR's marketing efforts in the lucrative North American market resulted in the securing of a large order of 50 ATR-42-300s from US operator [[Texas Air Corporation]]; that same year, another American regional carrier, [[Trans World Express]], received the 100th production aircraft.<ref name="milestones arch" /> On 1 July 1989, ATR opened their new global training centre for the type in Toulouse, which provided centralised and modern facilities for the training to airline staff and other personnel across the world. During June 1999, the ATR global training center became one of the first European institutions to be recognised as a Type Rating Training Organization, as defined by the [[Joint Aviation Authorities]].<ref name="milestones 2017" />
During September 1989, ATR announced it had achieved its original target of 400 sales of the ATR.<ref name="milestones arch" /> That same year, deliveries of the enlarged ATR 72 commenced; shortly thereafter,  both types commonly were ordered together.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> Since the smaller ATR 42 is assembled on the same production line as the ATR 72, along with sharing the majority of subsystems, components, and manufacturing techniques, the two types support each other to remain in production. This factor may have been crucial, as by 2015, the ATR 42 was the only 50-seat regional aircraft that was still being manufactured.<ref name="ain nov 2015">Sheppard, Ian. [https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2015-11-08/atr-continues-drive-turboprop-revolution "ATR Continues To Drive Turboprop Revolution."] ''AIN Online'', 8 November 2015.</ref><ref name="lease freight ain" />
=== ATR 42-300/320 ===
[[File:FedEx ATR-42 EI-FXC.jpg|thumb|A freighter-configured ATR 42-300, operated by [[FedEx Feeder]]]]
To maintain a technological edge on the highly competitive market for regional airliners during the 1990s, several modifications and improved versions of the ATR 42 were progressively introduced. The initial ATR 42-300 model remained in production until 1996, while the first upgraded (and broadly similar) model, designated as the 'ATR 42-320, was also produced until 1996. The -320 variant principally differed in that it was powered by a pair of the more-powerful PW121 engines, giving it improved performance over the 300. Another variant, the ATR 42-300QC, was a dedicated [[combi aircraft|quick-change]] (convertible) freight/passenger version of the standard -300 series.<ref name="stats41">{{cite web |url=http://www.airliners.net/aircraft-data/stats.main?id=41 |title=ATR ATR-42 |publisher= Airliners.net |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="milestones arch" />
=== ATR 42-500 ===
The next major production version was the ATR 42-500 series, the development of which having been originally announced on 14 June 1993.<ref name="milestones arch" /> Performing its maiden flight on 16 September 1994, and awarded certification by the British [[Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)|Civil Aviation Authority]] and France's DGCA during July 1995;<ref name="milestones arch" /> the -500 model was an upgraded aircraft, equipped with new PW127 engines, new six-bladed propellers, improved hot and high performance, increased weight capacity, and an improved passenger cabin. On 31 October 1995, the first ATR 42-500 was delivered to Italian operator [[Air Dolomiti]]; on 19 January 1996, the first revenue service to be performed by the type was conducted.<ref name="milestones 2017" />
On 19 November 2000, 120 min [[ETOPS]] were approved.<ref name=TCDS />
In addition to new aircraft models, various organisational changes were also implemented. On 10 July 1998, ATR launched its new asset management department.<ref name="milestones arch" /> In June 2001, [[EADS]] and [[Alenia Aeronautica]], ATR's parent companies, decided to reinforce their partnership, regrouping all industrial activities related to regional airliners underneath the ATR consortium.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> On 3 October 2003, ATR became one of the first aircraft manufacturers to be certified under [[ISO 9000#2000 version|ISO 9001-2000]] and [[AS9100|EN/AS/JISQ 9100]], the worldwide quality standard for the aeronautics industry. During July 2004, ATR and [[Brazil]]ian aircraft manufacturer [[Embraer]] announced a cooperation agreement on the AEROChain Portal for the purpose of delivering improved customer service.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> During April 2009, ATR announced the launch of its 'Door-2-Door' service as a new option in its comprehensive customer-services range.<ref name="milestones 2017" />
=== ATR 42-600 ===
[[File:ATR 42-600.jpg|thumb|The ATR 42-600 was launched on 2 October 2007, first flew on 4 March 2010, and was first delivered in November 2012.]]
The current production version is the ATR 42-600 series. On 2 October 2007, ATR CEO Stéphane Mayer announced the launch of the -600 series aircraft; the ATR 42-600 and ATR 72-600 featured various improvements to increase efficiency, dispatch reliability, and lower fuel burn and operating costs. While broadly similar to the earlier -500 model, differences include the adoption of improved PW127M engines, a new [[glass cockpit]], and a variety of other minor improvements. Using the test registration ''F-WWLY'', the [[prototype]] ATR 42-600 first flew on 4 March 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-All-the-Worlds-Aircraft/ATR-42-International.html |title=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's&nbsp;— IHS | access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/Untiteld/ATR-ATR-42-600/2186608/L/ |title=Photos: ATR ATR 42-600 Aircraft Pictures |publisher= Airliners.net |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref> The first aircraft was delivered to [[Tanzania]]n airline [[Precision Air]] in November 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/newsroom/press-releases-details-1197-en.html |title=First ATR 42-600 delivered to Precision Air Services |date=9 November 2012 |publisher=[[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] |access-date=28 January 2013}}</ref>
As a consequence of strong demand for the -600 series, ATR decided to invest in the establishment of a second, more modern final-assembly line and acquisition of more hangar space at their Toulouse site, along with a new large completion and delivery area; overall, the manufacturing operation expanded to four times the footprint that it had in 2005.<ref name="ain nov 2015" /> Speaking in October 2015, ATR CEO Patrick de Castelbajac stated that the firm was set to produce in excess of 90 aircraft that year, and that the new manufacturing facilities could support a production rate of up to 120 per year. At the time, the company had a backlog of orders for 300 aircraft, sufficient for three years' of production.<ref name="ain nov 2015" /> During 2017, a new in-house financing and leasing division was established by ATR  to offer customers a greater degree of support and expand the company's range of services.<ref name="lease freight ain" />
Considerable emphasis has been placed upon the continuous development of ATR's aircraft models.<ref name="lease freight ain" />
Additionally, during the mid-2010s, reports emerged that the development of a further stretched 90-seat ATR model was under consideration as well; allegedly, shareholder Airbus was relatively unenthusiastic on proceeding with such a development, while ATR CEO Fabrice Brégier favoured a focus on resolving manufacturing issues.<ref name="ain nov 2015" /><ref name="chin ain 2014" />
=== 42-600S STOL ===
During the late 2010s, ATR conducted a feasibility study into developing the ATR 42's [[short takeoff and landing]] (STOL) capabilities, potentially enabling the type to make use of runways as short as 800&nbsp;m (2,625&nbsp;ft) via the adoption of enhanced brakes and a drastically modified tail unit; the company viewed this measure as expanding the aircraft's potential and opening new sales possibilities.<ref name="lease freight ain">Sheppard, Ian. [http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2017-06-07/atr-creates-leasing-asset-management-freighter-unit "ATR Creates Leasing, Asset Management & Freighter Unit."] ''AIN Online'', 7 June 2017.</ref> It could introduce a steep approach capability and operating costs that compare to 30-seaters.<ref name="lease freight ain" />
STOL improvements should be launched in 2019 to reduce landing distance from {{cvt|1100| to| 800|m|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/atr-maintains-its-low-risk-strategy |title= ATR Maintains Its Low-Risk Strategy |date= 4 February 2019 |author= Thierry Dubois |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>
Existing [[flight control surface|control surfaces]] would be re-engineered with takeoff [[wing flap|flaps]] extended to 25°, and both spoilers deploying at landing and not only for inflight turns, adding an [[autobrake]] system, while the [[aircraft rudder|rudder]] is modified to increase its maximum deflection and the [[vertical stabilizer]]'s size is increased, to counter an [[Turbine engine failure|engine failure]], lowering the [[minimum control speed]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/atr-developing-string-upgrades-regional-turboprops |title= ATR Is Developing A String Upgrades For Regional Turboprops |date= 21 February 2019 |author= Thierry Dubois |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>
ATR estimates a market for STOL 20–42 seaters of 800 over 30 years, to serve islands and deliver cargo to short runways.<!--ref name=AvWeek9apr2019-->
The ATR 42-600S empty weight will be reduced with lighter seats and galley fittings.<ref name=AvWeek9apr2019>{{cite news |url= https://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/atr-working-launch-orders-short-field-42-600 |title= ATR Working on Launch Orders For Short-Field 42-600 |date= 9 April 2019 |author= Bradley Perrett |work= Aviation Week Network}}</ref> The variant was officially announced at the June 2019 [[Paris Air Show]]. Irish lessor Elix Aviation Capital will be the launch customer, taking 10 aircraft from 2022 to 2024; commitments from [[Air Tahiti]] and another undisclosed customer bring the total order book to 17.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Moores |first1=Victoria |title=ATR Secures 17 Commitments For New ATR 42 STOL Variant |url=https://aviationweek.com/awincommercial/atr-secures-17-commitments-new-atr-42-stol-variant |work=Aviation Daily |date=19 June 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
On 9 October 2019, ATR launched the ATR 42-600S at the [[European Regions Airline Association]] General Assembly, with 20 commitments including from Elix Aviation Capital (10 aircraft) and Air Tahiti (two aircraft).<!--ref name=ATR9oct2019-->
Capable of operating from {{cvt|800|m}} runways with up to 42 passengers, certification is expected for the second half of 2022 before first delivery.<!--ref name=ATR9oct2019-->
The ATR 42-600S can access close to 500 airports with an {{cvt|800-1,000|m|abbr=on}} runway, expanding its addressable market by 25%.<ref name=ATR9oct2019>{{cite press release |url= http://www.atraircraft.com/newsroom/news-a-brand-new-addition-to-the-atr-aircraft-family-the-atr-42-600s-_64.html |title= A brand new addition to the ATR aircraft family – the ATR 42-600S!|date= 9 October 2019 |publisher= ATR}}</ref> 800 m runway operation is limited to {{cvt|200|nmi}} long flights with 70% used seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.atr-aircraft.com/aircraft-services/aircraft-family/atr-42-600s-stol/|title=ATR 42-600 STOL Aircraft &#124; ATR Aircraft|website=ATR}}</ref>
The variant made a 2h 15min maiden flight on 11 May 2022, while the larger rudder will be fitted at the end of 2022 before the certification phase start in 2023.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/short-take-off-atr-42-variant-carries-out-maiden-flight/148607.article |title= Short take-off ATR 42 variant carries out maiden flight |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |date= 11 May 2022 |work= Flightglobal}}</ref>
In November 2024 ATR terminated the development of the 42-600S STOL version, opting instead to focus on improving the efficiency of the entire ATR 42 and ATR 72 families.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Meier |first1=Ricardo |title=ATR abandons short take-off and landing variant ATR 42-600S - Air Data News |url=https://www.airdatanews.com/atr-abandons-short-take-off-and-landing-variant-atr-42-600s/ |website=www.airdatanews.com |publisher=airdatanews |access-date=29 November 2024 |date=14 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Jaworowski |first1=Raymond |title=ATR Ceases Development of ATR 42-600S STOL Version |url=https://flightplan.forecastinternational.com/2024/11/15/atr-ceases-development-of-atr-42-600s-stol-version/ |website=Flight Plan |publisher=Flight Plan |access-date=29 November 2024 |date=15 November 2024}}</ref>
== Design ==
[[File:RIAS 2014 ATR-42 02.jpg|thumb|The ATR 42 has a straight wing with a {{#expr:24.57/(54.5/24.57)round1}} [[wing aspect ratio]], and [[retractable landing gear]] in fairings under the fuselage, with wheel sides visible in flight.]]
The ATR 42 is a straight high-wing airliner with twin turboprops and a [[T-tail]], certified in the [[transport category]], and powered by [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120]]s.
It has [[deicing boot]]s to fly in [[icing conditions]] and a [[retractable landing gear]] in fairings under the fuselage, with wheel sides visible in flight.
It has no [[Auxiliary Power Unit]] (APU), but can still be autonomous in ground operations, as it has a propeller brake on the starboard engine, allowing the engine to remain running to provide power on the ground.
It has a pressurized cabin with a circular cross-section, with a {{cvt|2.57|m|adj=on|abbr=on}} inside width for four-abreast seating, allowing 48 seats at a {{cvt|30|in|adj=on}} seat pitch.<!--ref name=600-factsheet/-->
It has a {{cvt|54.5|m2}} [[wing]] area and a {{cvt|24.57|m}} wing span, for a {{#expr:24.57/(54.5/24.57)round1}} [[wing aspect ratio]].<!--ref name=600-factsheet/-->
It has a {{cvt|18,600|kg|abbr=on}} [[MTOW]], for a {{cvt|{{#expr:18600/54.5round0}}|kg/m2|adj=on|abbr=on}} [[wing loading]].<!--ref name=600-factsheet/-->
It can reach a cruise speed of 300 kt (556&nbsp;km/h) [[true air speed]], with a fuel flow of 811&nbsp;kg/h (1,788&nbsp;lb/h):<ref name=600-factsheet>{{cite web |url= http://1tr779ud5r1jjgc938wedppw-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Factsheets_-_ATR_42-600.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201021122542/http://1tr779ud5r1jjgc938wedppw-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Factsheets_-_ATR_42-600.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 21 October 2020 |title= ATR 42-600 Factsheet |publisher= ATR aircraft |date= July 2020 }}</ref> a [[Fuel economy in aircraft|fuel economy]] of {{#expr:811/556round2}} kg/km ({{#expr:1788/300round2}} lb/nmi) or {{cvt|{{#expr:811/5.56/.8/48round2}}|L/100km|mpgUS}} per seat with 48 seats and a [[jet fuel]] density of 0.8.
== Operational history ==
{{expand section|date=July 2017}}
On 21 August 1990, US airline [[Envoy Air|American Eagle]] placed a large order for ATRs, composed of 41 ATR 42s and 59 ATR 72s, further consolidating ATR's position in North America.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> On 5 September 1997, American Eagle took delivery of the 500th ATR to be built. On 5 June 1998, [[Tarom]], the national carrier of [[Romania]], accepted delivery of its first two ATR 42-500s, of a batch of seven aircraft ordered a year earlier.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> On 28 June 1998, ATR gained a foothold in the [[Cuba]]n market following an order from airline [[Cubana de Aviacion]] for the ATR 42.<ref name="milestones 2017" /> During 2000, the combined global ATR fleet attained its 10,000,000th flight, during which a cumulative distance around 4 billion km (2.5 billion statute miles) had been traversed, and around 450 million passengers had flown onboard ATR-built aircraft.<ref name="milestones arch" /> In 2007, a new record was set for the programme's sales; 113 new ATR aircraft having been ordered during a single year.<ref name="milestones 2017" />
2011 was another record-breaking year for sales at ATR.<ref name="record 2011 AIN">Alcock, Charles. [https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2011-11-11/atrs-record-year-set-get-better "ATR's Record Year Set To Get Better."] ''AIN Online'', 11 November 2011.</ref> According to ATR's CEO Filippo Bagnato, sales had continued to grow during the [[Great Recession]] despite the downturn experienced by most aviation companies as "fuel consumption that can be half that of the alternatives and [with] lower maintenance costs". Bagnato noted the strength of Africa as a market for the type, as well as the firm's aircraft being capable of serving destinations that would otherwise be inaccessible with other aircraft due to the austere conditions of many airstrips and runways in the region, as well as the ability to operate autonomously without any reliance upon ground support equipment.<ref name="record 2011 AIN" /> For 2013, ATR claimed a 48% global market share for regional aircraft deliveries between 50 and 90 seats (comprising both turboprops and jets), making it the dominant manufacturer within this sector of the market.<ref name="chin ain 2014" /> That same year, during which firm orders for 10 ATR 42-600s and 79 ATR 72-600s were recorded, [[lease|leasing]] companies were responsible for 70% of these; according to ATR's CEO Filippo Bagnato: "Years ago, we were not even considered by the lessors; now they see ATRs as a good investment".<ref name="chin ain 2014" />
During May 1997, ATR had achieved its first breakthrough sale in China, placed by operator [[China Xinjiang Airlines]] and the [[CAAC Airlines|CAAC]].<ref name="milestones arch" /> By 2013, while the Asia Pacific region had comprised the majority of ATR's sales when geographically ranked, but orders from Chinese airlines remained elusive; Bagnato ascribed this anomaly to local market conditions dictating the typical use of larger aircraft, as well as a Chinese government policy of imposing high [[tariff]]s on the import of foreign-built, fixed-wing aircraft.<ref name="chin ain 2014">Dubois, Thierry. [https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/aerospace/2014-02-11/atr-wants-better-access-china-market "ATR Wants Better Access to China Market."] ''AIN Online'', 11 February 2014.</ref> During late 2014, ATR set up a new office in [[Beijing]], and hired several former Airbus sales personnel with the aim of launching the type on the Chinese market. ATR believed that many of the already-flown routes did not suit larger 150-seat aircraft; however, of the roughly 2,600 commercial aircraft flying in China at that time, only 68 had a capacity less than 90 seats and of these, fewer than 20 aircraft were powered by turboprop engines.<ref>Dubois, Thierry. [http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2016-02-14/atr-sets-sights-china "ATR Sets Sights on China."] ''AIN Online'', 14 February 2016.</ref>
In response to airlines often wanting to phase out their early production ATR models to replace them with the latest generation ATR series, as well as to answer demand from cargo operators for the type, ATR has operated two separate dedicated freighter conversion programmes, known as the Bulk Freighter (tube version) and the ULD Freighter.<ref name="focus rece conv">Endres, Günter. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/in-focus-recession-woes-continue-at-small-end-of-ca-377346/ "IN FOCUS: Recession woes continue at small end of cargo conversion market."] ''Flight International'', 26 October 2012.</ref> Both conversions involve complete stripping of furnishings along with the addition of floor strengthening, new window plugs and 9&nbsp;g restraining nets, six additional longitudinal tracks for added flexibility, and an E-Class cabin; the ULD model can accommodate standard ULD-packaged cargo, such as LD3 containers or 88x108in (2.2x2.7m) [[pallets]], which were loaded via a large cargo door located on the port forward side. Undertaken by a range of companies, such as Alenia subsidiary Aeronavali, Texas-based [[M7 Aerospace]]; French firms Indraéro Siren and Aeroconseil, Canadian Infinion Certification Engineering, and Spanish company [[Arrodisa]], by October 2012, in excess of one-fifth of all first-generation ATR 42 and ATR 72 aircraft had already been converted to freighters.<ref name="focus rece conv" />
During January 2017, Japanese regional airliner [[Japan Air Commuter]] (JAC) has taken delivery of its first ATR 42-600, becoming the first owner-operator of the type in the nation. The aircraft was one of nine to have been ordered by JAC, along with options for a further 14 ATR 42s, as a replacement for its aging [[Saab 340]] fleet; reportedly, JAC is considering replacing its [[Bombardier Q400]]s with ATRs, as well.<ref>Gubisch, Michael.
[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/picture-japan-air-commuter-receives-first-atr-433380/ "PICTURE: Japan Air Commuter receives first ATR."] ''Flight International'', 20 January 2017.</ref>
[[Silver Airways]] started to operate the ATR 42-600 on 22 April 2019, making it the first airline to fly the -600 variant in the USA. The carrier has 16 firm orders for ATR turboprops with options to purchase 30 additional aircraft from ATR through lessor [[Nordic Aviation Capital]].<ref>Risen, Tom. https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/silver-airways-begins-atr-42-600-flights-457616/ ''Flightglobal'', 22 April 2019</ref>
In September 2024, Nepalese airline [[Buddha Air]] became the first to retire their ATR 42-320 by completing its economic life cycle of 70000 cycles.
== Variants ==
[[File:ATR ATR-42-320, Aeromar AN1555143.jpg|thumb|Early -200/-300/-320 have four-blade propellers, such as this [[Aeromar]] ATR-42.]]
[[File:ATR ATR-42-500, Lufthansa Regional (Contact Air Interregional) AN1603095.jpg|thumb|-500 cabin]]
[[File:Nigerian Air Force ATR ATR-42-500MP Surveyor Iwelumo-3.jpg|thumb|-500 Cockpit]]
[[File:ATR ATR-42-500, CSA - Czech Airlines AN1658735.jpg|thumb|Later -400/-500/-600 have propellers with six blades.]]
=== ATR 42-200 ===
The -200 was the original ATR 42 prototype, and only a few were built for testing purposes. It was powered by [[Pratt & Whitney Canada]] [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100|PW120]] engines rated at {{convert|1800|shp|abbr=on}}.<ref name="www.atraircraft.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.atraircraft.com/products_app/media/pdf/ATR_42-300-320.pdf|title=ATR 42-300/320|access-date=7 June 2016|archive-date=8 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200208183448/http://www.atraircraft.com/products_app/media/pdf/ATR_42-300-320.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
=== {{Anchor|300}}ATR 42-300 ===
The -300 was the standard production version. This model was manufactured until 1996. It was powered by Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120 engines rated at {{convert|2000|shp|abbr=on}}.
=== ATR 42-320 ===
The -320 was an improved version of the -300 powered by [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100|PW121]] engines (2100 shp). It was designed to have better performance, especially in hot and high conditions.<ref name="www.atraircraft.com" />
=== ATR 42-400 ===
The ATR 42-400 is an upgraded version of the -320 using six-bladed propellers on otherwise identical PW121 engines. Three ATR 42-400s were delivered to the government of Italy as the ATR 42 "Surveyor" version. The only two civilian ATR 42-400s produced (msn 487 and 491) were delivered to CSA Czech Airlines in 1995/1996 as an interim upgrade prior to delivery of -500s. In 2006, these two aircraft were sold to [[Conviasa]].
=== ATR 42-500 ===
The ATR 42-500 is a further upgraded version, the first delivery of which occurring during October 1995. It has many improvements for performance and passenger comfort, including new engines, new propellers, a newly designed cabin, and increased weight. It has six-bladed propellers powered by PW127E engines rated at {{convert|2400|shp|abbr=on}} for improved hot and high performance and increased cruise speed. The engines are flat rated for 45&nbsp;°C. Propellers are electrically controlled and are made from composite. It has an increased maximum takeoff weight, allowing for more cargo and greater range. Due to the six-bladed propellers and better insulation, it has reduced noise levels. The newest version has CATII capability and dual Honeywell HT1000 FMS installation.<ref name="stats41" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aerospace-technology.com/projects/atr_42/ |title=Avions de Transport Regional's ATR 42 |work=aerospace-technology.com |access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST |date=June 2016}}
=== ATR 42-600 ===
During October 2007, the launch of the ATR 42-600 series was announced. Akin to the ATR 72-500, the -600 series featured the PW127M as its standard engine (providing 5% additional thrust, thus improving performance on short runways, in hot weather, and at high altitude); the "boost function" activates the additional power as needed. It also features a glass cockpit flight deck, complete with five [[LCD|wide LCD screens]], that replaced the previous [[EFIS|electronic flight instrument system]]; additionally, a multipurpose computer enhances flight safety and operational capabilities. [[Avionics]] supplied by [[Thales Group|Thales]] provides [[Instrument landing system|CAT III]] and [[required navigation performance]] capabilities. It also includes lighter, more comfortable seats and larger overhead baggage bins. According to the third issue of its EASA's Type Certificate,<ref name=TCDS>[http://www.easa.europa.eu/certification/type-certificates/docs/aircraft/EASA-TCDS-A.084_ATR_42---ATR_72-03-17102012.pdf "ATR42 & 72 Type Certificate Data Sheet TCDS A.084, Issue 3."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204114713/http://www.easa.europa.eu/certification/type-certificates/docs/aircraft/EASA-TCDS-A.084_ATR_42---ATR_72-03-17102012.pdf |date=4 December 2013 }} ''easa.europa.eu'', 17 October 2012. p. 4. Retrieved: 2 April 2013.</ref> ATR 42-600 is ATR's marketing designation for the -500 series when fitted with the new avionics suite) or "glass Cockpit". The ATR 42-600 designation is not recognised by EASA as a certified aircraft model or variant, and is not used on ATR certified/approved documentation; instead, only "Mod 5948",  "ATR 42-500 with Mod 5948",  "ATR 42-500 fitted with NAS", or "ATR 42-500 600 version" is used.
=== ATR 42-600S ===
The ATR 42-600S is the [[STOL]] (short takeoff and landing) variant of the -600. The aircraft is capable of operating from runways as short as {{Convert|800|m|ft|adj=mid|-long}} with up to 34 passengers, and {{Convert|890|m|ft|adj=mid|-long}} fully seated (48 passengers) on short routes. ATR launched the ATR 42-600S at the ERA General Assembly, with 20 commitments including from Elix Aviation Capital (10 aircraft) and Air Tahiti (two aircraft). Certification is expected for the second half of 2022 before first delivery.
=== ATR 42-600/-600S HighLine Edition ===
The ATR 42-600 and ATR 42-600S HighLine had an executive cabin layout, otherwise it is the same as its original counterpart.
=== Other versions ===
[[File:EIFXE (7263831648).jpg|thumb|[[FedEx Express]] ATR-42 cargo variant]]
; Cargo variant:
Bulk (tube versions) and ULD freighter (large cargo door). An [[Supplemental Type Certificate|STC]] exists to convert all ATR-42 variants to all-cargo transport aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/cargo_sol.htm |title=ATR cargo solutions. |access-date=7 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070408082107/http://www.atraircraft.com/cargo_sol.htm |archive-date=8 April 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[FedEx]], [[United Parcel Service|UPS]], and [[DHL Aviation|DHL]] are major operators of the type.
; ATR Surveyor:
The ATR-42 "Surveyor" is a [[maritime patrol]] version of the -400.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/atrMP.htm |title=ATR 42 Surveyor |access-date=7 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070408081945/http://www.atraircraft.com/atrMP.htm |archive-date=8 April 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
; Others:
VIP transport and in-flight inspection versions of the -500 also exist.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/atrVIP.htm |title=ATR VIP. |access-date=7 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070406225612/http://www.atraircraft.com/atrVIP.htm |archive-date=6 April 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/atrinflight.htm |title=ATR In-flight. |access-date=7 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070407165712/http://www.atraircraft.com/atrinflight.htm |archive-date=7 April 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<!--
; Corporate version:
; In-flight inspection:
; ATR Quick Change:
-->
== Operators ==
=== Civilian operators ===
[[File:First Air in Ikpiarjuk -a.jpg|thumb|[[First Air]] ATR 42-300 in Ikpiarjuk ([[Arctic Bay]]), [[Nunavut]] Canada]]
See [[List of ATR 42 operators]].
In July 2017, 232 ATR 42s were in airline service and 10 were in order backlog: 106 in Americas, 67 in Europe, 38 in Asia, Pacific and the Middle East, and 21 in Africa.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Airline operators with more than 5 aircraft
! Airline !! 300 !! 320 !! 500 !! 600
!600S!! Total
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Canadian North]]|| 5 || 2 || 8 || -
| - || 15
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[DAT (airline)|Danish Air Transport]]|| 2 || 2 || 3 || -
| - || 7
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[EasyFly]]|| - || - || 2 || 12
| - || 14
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Empire Airlines]] || 8 || 3 || - || -
| - || 11
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[FedEx Express]] || 11 || 6 || - || -
| - || 17
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Japan Air Commuter]] || - || - || - || 9
| - || 9
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Loganair]] || - || -  || 5 || 2
| - || 7
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mountain Air Cargo]] || 6 || 2 || - || -
| - || 8
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[SATENA]] || - || - || 4 || 4
| - || 8
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Silver Airways]]|| - || - || - || 8
| - || 8
|}
On 1 August 2017 [[Silver Airways]] placed orders for 20 ATR 42-600 aircraft, marking the entry of the -600 into the U.S. market,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/aircraft-propulsion/silver-airways-signs-loi-50-atr-600-series-turboprops|title=Silver Airways signs LOI for up to 50 ATR-600 series turboprops &#124; Aviation Week Network|website=aviationweek.com}}</ref> with four in service as of fourth quarter 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://airwaysmag.com/airlines/silver-airways-launches-atr-600-operations-video/|title=Silver Airways Launches ATR-600 Operations (+Video)|date=2019-04-22|website=Airways Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-20|archive-date=22 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922015653/https://airwaysmag.com/airlines/silver-airways-launches-atr-600-operations-video/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
By November 2018, [[Loganair]] was to replace its [[Saab 340]]s and [[Saab 2000]]s, costly to operate and maintain, mostly the 2000, with around 20 ATR 42s over four to five years from the third quarter of 2019.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.shetnews.co.uk/2018/11/29/loganair-plans-to-revamp-fleet/ |title= Loganair plans to revamp fleet |date= 29 November 2018 |work= Shetland News}}</ref>
=== Military operators ===
[[File:Nigerian Air Force ATR ATR-42-500MP Surveyor Iwelumo-1.jpg|thumb|Nigerian Air Force ATR-42 Surveyor]]
As of August 2022, 6 ATR 42s were in military service.<ref name=AFdir>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/14484 |author= Craig Hoyle |title= World Air Forces Directory 2017 |work= [[FlightGlobal]] |date= 2016}}</ref>
* [[Colombian Navy]]: 1
* [[Nigerian Air Force]]: 2 MPAs
* [[Myanmar Air Force]]: 3 special mission aircraft<ref>{{cite web|last1=Davis|first1=Anthony|title=MAF's newly inducted aircraft to boost service's COIN capabilities|url=http://www.janes.com/article/76520/|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=24 December 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20171224233933/http://www.janes.com/article/76520/maf-s-newly-inducted-aircraft-to-boost-service-s-coin-capabilities|archive-date=24 December 2017|date=19 December 2017}}</ref>
* [[Senegalese Air Force]]: 1<ref>{{cite news|title=L'ASECNA offre gracieusement un avion de type ATR42-300 au Sénégal|website=airactu.info|url=https://www.airactu.info/partenariat-lasecna-offre-gracieusement-un-avion-de-type-atr42-300-au-senegal/|date=31 December 2021}}</ref>
=== Government operators ===
* French Service des avions français instrumentés pour la recherche en environnement: An ATR42-320 used for environmental research purposes (F-HMTO)
* Italian [[Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard]]: 3 MPs
* Italian [[Guardia di Finanza]]: 5 MPs
* Senegal Asecna
=== Former operators ===
{{columns-list|colwidth=23em|
* [[Aero Trasporti Italiani]]
* [[Air France Hop]] - 13 ATR 42-500s.
* [[Air Lithuania]] - 3 ATR 42-300s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.airlithuania.lt/Default.asp?DL=E |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020806045559/http://www.airlithuania.lt/Default.asp?DL=E |access-date=15 January 2010 |website=Air Lithuania |archive-date=6 August 2002 }}</ref>
* [[Air Littoral]]
* [[Air Wales]]
* [[American Eagle Airlines]]
* [[Bangkok Airways]]
* [[Colombian Air Force]]
* [[Colombian National Police]]
* [[Croatia Airlines]]
* [[Gabonese Air Force]]
* [[Iran Aseman Airlines]] - 1 ATR 42-300.
* [[Israir]]
* [[Libyan Air Force (1951–2011)]]: 1 MP
* [[Línea Turística Aereotuy]]
* [[Nordic Regional Airlines]]
* [[Nusantara Air Charter]]
* [[Polish Air Force]] leased one ATR 42-300 for six months in 2002.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Airscene: Military Affairs: Poland|magazine=[[Air International]]|date=June 2002|volume=62|issue=6|page=323|issn=0306-5634}}</ref>
* [[Royal Air Maroc]] - 4 ATR 42-300.
* [[SBA Airlines]] - 2 ATR 42-300 and 12 ATR 42-320.
* [[Si Fly]] - 3 ATR 42-300.
* [[Thai Airways]]
* [[TransAsia Airways]]
* [[West Wind Aviation]]
}}
== Accidents and incidents ==
The ATR 42 has been involved in 47 [[aviation accidents and incidents]] including 34 [[hull loss]]es.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/types/ATR-42/index |title= Aérospatiale/Aeritalia ATR-42 |publisher= Flight Safety Foundation |date= 20 July 2019}}</ref>
Those resulted in {{#expr:273+1+2}} fatalities.<ref name=ASNstats>{{cite web |url= https://aviation-safety.net/database/types/ATR-42/statistics |title= ATR-42 Statistics |publisher= Flight Safety Foundation |date= 28 June 2018}}</ref>
=== With fatalities ===
* On 15 October 1987, [[Aero Trasporti Italiani Flight 460]], an (ATI) ATR 42-312, crashed on [[Conca di Crezzo]], Italy during flight from [[Milan]]-Linate to [[Cologne Bonn Airport]], [[Germany]]. All 37 on board died. Icing conditions existed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19871015-0&lang=en|title=ASN Aircraft accident ATR-42-312 I-ATRH Conca di Crezzo|author=Harro Ranter|date=15 October 1987|access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref>
* On 21 August 1994, [[Royal Air Maroc Flight 630]], an ATR 42-312, crashed into the [[Atlas Mountains]], killing all 44 people on board. It was claimed the pilot deliberately disengaged the autopilot and crashed the aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accident ATR 42-312 CN-CDT, Sunday 21 August 1994 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/324913 |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref>
* On 30 July 1997, [[Air Littoral Flight 701]], an ATR 42-500, overran runway 23 at [[Peretola Airport]] in Italy after a flight from [[Nice Côte d'Azur Airport]] in France. One of the crew was killed out of the 3 crew and 14 passengers. The aircraft was written off in the accident.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19970730-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident ATR-42-512 F-GPYE Florence-Peretola Airport (FLR)|author=Harro Ranter|date=30 July 1997|work=aviation-safety.net|access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref>
* On 11 October 1999, an [[1999 Air Botswana incident|Air Botswana captain boarded an ATR 42-320 aircraft]] at Gaborone Airport and took off. Once in the air, he asked by radio to speak to President [[Festus Mogae]] (who was outside the country at the time), Air Botswana's general manager and others. In spite of all attempts to persuade him to land and discuss his grievances, he stated he was going to crash into aircraft parked on the airport apron. After a flying time of about two hours, he performed two loops and then crashed at {{Convert|200|knots}} into Air Botswana's two other ATR 42s parked on the apron. The captain was killed, but there were no other casualties. He had been grounded on medical reasons, refused reinstatement, and regrounded until February 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19991011-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident ATR-42-320 A2-ABB Gaborone-Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (GBE)|author=Harro Ranter|date=11 October 1999|work=aviation-safety.net|access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref>
* On 12 November 1999, [[Si Fly Flight 3275]], an ATR 42-312 registration F-OHFV, was on a flight from [[Rome Ciampino Airport]] in Italy to [[Pristina International Airport Adem Jashari]] in [[Kosovo]], operating on behalf of the UN. The aircraft crashed into a hill near [[Mitrovica, Kosovo]] as it was making a turn to the left. The accident killed all 24 passengers and crew on board.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19991112-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident ATR-42-312 F-OHFV Mitrovica|author=Harro Ranter|date=12 November 1999|work=aviation-safety.net|access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref>
* On 14 September 2002, [[Total Linhas Aereas Flight 5561]] an ATR 42-312 registration PT-MTS on a cargo flight between [[São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport|São Paulo-Guarulhos]] and [[Londrina Airport|Londrina]] crashed while en route near [[Paranapanema]]. The crew of two died.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20020914-0 | title=Accident description PT-MTS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=23 July 2011}}</ref>
* On 21 February 2008, [[Santa Barbara Airlines Flight 518]], an ATR 42-300, crashed in the [[Andes]] near [[Mérida, Mérida|Mérida]], Venezuela, during a flight from Mérida to [[Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela)|Simon Bolivar International Airport]] in [[Caracas]]. The aircraft was carrying 43 passengers and 3 crew. All died.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080221-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident ATR-42-300 YV1449 Mrida-A Carnevalli Airport (MRD)|author=Harro Ranter|date=21 February 2008|access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref>
<!-- [[File:2010 Conviasa ATR-42 crash.jpg|thumb|Conviasa Flight 2350 crash site]] -->
* On 13 September 2010, [[Conviasa Flight 2350]], an ATR 42-320, crashed {{convert|10|km|mi}} west of [[Manuel Carlos Piar Guayana Airport]], [[Ciudad Guayana]], Venezuela, on a domestic scheduled passenger flight from [[Del Caribe "Santiago Mariño" International Airport]], [[Porlamar]], [[Isla Margarita]].<ref name=BBC11289500>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11289500 |title=Plane crashes in eastern Venezuela |work=BBC News Online |access-date=13 September 2010 |date=14 September 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100914042744/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11289500| archive-date= 14 September 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> Of 51 passengers and crew on board, 34 survived the accident while 17 died.
[[File:Crash site of Trigana Air Service 267.jpg|thumb|Trigana Air Service 267 crash site]]
* On 16 August 2015, ATR 42-300 PK-YRN [[Trigana Air Service Flight 267]] from [[Jayapura]]'s [[Sentani Airport]] to [[Oksibil]] lost contact with air traffic control over the mountains in [[Irian Jaya]] (West Papua). The aircraft's wreckage was found by villagers in the Bintang highlands region of Oksibil. Local residents reported that they saw the plane crash into the mountain side. Stormy weather was cited as a possible cause of the crash. All 54 passengers and crew on board the flight died, making this crash the deadliest involving an ATR 42.<ref>{{Cite news|title = Indonesia passenger plane wreckage found in remote Papua – BBC News| work=BBC News |url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33951854|date = 17 August 2015}}</ref>
* On 7 December 2016, [[PIA Flight 661]] ATR 42-500 with registration AP-BHO crashed in Havelian in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, killing all 47 on board.<ref>{{cite news|title=PIA plane crashes near Abbottabad, all passengers feared dead|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/170426-PIA-plane-crashed-near-Abbottabad|access-date=7 December 2016|publisher=The News}}</ref> Flight 661 was en route from the town of [[Chitral]] to Pakistani capital of [[Islamabad]] when it crashed into a mountain.<ref>{{cite news|title='No survivors' after plane carrying more than 40 people, including Pakistani pop star, crashes near Islamabad|access-date=8 December 2016|url=http://www.9news.com.au/world/2016/12/07/23/25/pakistani-plane-with-more-than-40-people-aboard-crashes-in-north|newspaper=news.com.au|date=8 December 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208012428/http://www.9news.com.au/World/2016/12/07/23/25/Pakistani-plane-with-more-than-40-people-aboard-crashes-in-north|archive-date=8 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/170426-PIA-plane-crashed-near-Abbottabad|title=PIA plane crashes near Abbottabad, all 47 people on board killed|access-date=8 December 2016}}</ref>
* On 13 December 2017, [[West Wind Aviation Flight 280]], an ATR 42-320, carrying 22 passengers and three crew members crashed near [[Fond-du-Lac]], Saskatchewan, shortly after takeoff from [[Fond-du-Lac Airport]];<ref name="westwind1">{{cite web | url = http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatoon/plane-carrying-25-people-crash-northern-sask-1.4447787 | title = Plane carrying 25 people crashes near northern Saskatchewan airport | work = CBC News | date = 13 December 2017 }}</ref> no fatalities were reported at the scene,<ref name="westwind2">{{cite web | url = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/plane-crashes-in-northern-saskatchewan-with-25-people-on-board-no-fatalities-reported/article37323772/ | title = Plane crashes in northern Saskatchewan with 25 people on board, no fatalities reported | work = Globe and Mail | date = 13 December 2017 }}</ref> but one of the injured victims died on 25 December.<ref name=ASN131217>{{cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20171213-0 |title=C-GWEA accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=27 December 2017}}</ref> The carrier temporarily grounded its remaining ATR fleet.<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/west-wind-grounds-atrs-as-canadian-crash-probe-begin-444267/ |title= West Wind grounds ATRs as Canadian crash probe begins |date= 18 December 2017 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal}}</ref> On 22 December, after identifying deficiencies in its Operational Control System, [[Transport Canada]] suspended the [[Air Operator Certificate]] of West Wind Aviation.<ref>{{cite press release |url= https://www.canada.ca/en/transport-canada/news/2017/12/transport_canadasuspendswestwindaviationsairoperatorcertificate.html |title= Transport Canada suspends West Wind Aviation's Air Operator Certificate |publisher= Transport Canada |date= 22 December 2017}}</ref><!-- news: https://ca.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idCAKBN1EH01U-OCADN -->
* On 6 November 2022, around 8:50 local time, [[Precision Air Flight 494]], an ATR 42-500 carrying 39 passengers and four crew members, crashed in [[Lake Victoria]] in [[Tanzania]] while approaching [[Bukoba Airport]], resulting in 19 fatalities. It is suggested that bad weather might have been a factor into the crash. The two pilots were amongst the fatalities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/06/africa/tanzania-plane-crash-intl |title=19 dead after commercial aircraft crashes into Lake Victoria in Tanzania |date=6 November 2022| first1=Idris |last1=Mukhtar |first2=Lauren |last2=Said-Moorhouse |first3=Larry |last3=Madowo |work=[[CNN]] |access-date=6 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/precision-air-plane-crashes-into-lake-victoria-tanzania-state-media-2022-11-06/|title=Passenger plane crash-lands into Lake Victoria in Tanzania| first=Nuzulack |last=Dausen |date=6 November 2022| work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=6 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-63532896 | title=Tanzanian Precision Air plane crashes into Lake Victoria |first1=Athuman |last1=Mtulya |first2=Alfred |last2=Lasteck  |date=6 November 2022| work=[[BBC]] |access-date=6 November 2022}}</ref>
== Specifications ==
[[File:ATR family v1.0.png|thumb|three side view, along [[ATR 72]]]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ATR 42 variants<ref name="ATR specs">{{cite web |date=September 2014 |title=family booklet |url=http://www.atraircraft.com/products_app/media/pdf/FAMILY_septembre2014.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030170453/http://www.atraircraft.com/products_app/media/pdf/FAMILY_septembre2014.pdf |archive-date=30 October 2018 |access-date=23 January 2016 |publisher=ATR}}</ref>
!
! ATR 42-300
! ATR 42-320
! ATR 42-400
! ATR 42-500
! ATR 42-600
! ATR 42-600{{Abbr|S|STOL–short takeoff and landing}}
|-
! Cockpit crew
| colspan=6 | Two
|-
! Seating
| colspan=6 | 48 at {{Convert|30|in|abbr=on}} pitch
|-
! Length
| colspan=6 | {{Convert|22.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|-
! Wingspan
| colspan=6 | {{Convert|24.57|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|-
! Height
| colspan=6 | {{Convert|7.59|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|-
! Wing area
| colspan=6 | {{Convert|54.5|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
|-
! Aspect ratio
| colspan=6 | {{#expr:24.57/(54.5/24.57)round2}}
|-
! Empty weight
| colspan="2" | 10,285&nbsp;kg (22,680&nbsp;lb)
| 11,050&nbsp;kg (24,361&nbsp;lb)
| 11,550&nbsp;kg (25,463&nbsp;lb)
| 11,750&nbsp;kg (25,904&nbsp;lb)
| 11,750&nbsp;kg (25,904&nbsp;lb)
|-
! [[Maximum takeoff weight|MTOW]]
| colspan="2" | 16,900&nbsp;kg (37,257&nbsp;lb)
| 18,200&nbsp;kg (40,123&nbsp;lb)
| colspan=3 | 18,600&nbsp;kg (41,005&nbsp;lb)
|-
! Max payload<!--Maximum Zero Fuel Weight – Empty Weight-->
| colspan="2" | {{val|{{#expr:15540-10285}}|u=kg|fmt=commas}} ({{val|{{#expr:34259-22680}}|u=lb|fmt=commas}})
| {{val|{{#expr:16600-11050}}|u=kg|fmt=commas}} ({{val|{{#expr:36596-24361}}|u=lb|fmt=commas}})
| {{val|{{#expr:17000-11550}}|u=kg|fmt=commas}} ({{val|{{#expr:37478-25463}}|u=lb|fmt=commas}})
| {{val|{{#expr:17000-11750}}|fmt=commas|u=kg}} ({{val|{{#expr:37478-25904}}|fmt=commas|u=lb}})
| {{val|{{#expr:17000-11850}}|fmt=commas|u=kg}} ({{val|{{#expr:37478-26125}}|fmt=commas|u=lb}})
|-
! Fuel capacity
| colspan=6 |4,500&nbsp;kg (9,921&nbsp;lb)
|-
! Engines (×2)
| [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120|PW120]]
| [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW121|PW121]]
| [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW121|PW121]]A
| [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW127|PW127]]E/M
| [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW127|PW127XT-M]]
| [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PW127|PW127XT-L]]
|-
! Power
| {{convert|1800|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|1900|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|1980|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|2160|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|2400|shp|kW|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|2750|shp|kW|abbr=on}}
|-
! Cruise speed
| colspan="2" | 270&nbsp;kn (500&nbsp;km/h; {{cvt|270|kn|mph|disp=output only}})
| 261&nbsp;kn (484&nbsp;km/h; {{cvt|261|kn|mph|disp=output only}})
| 300&nbsp;kn (556&nbsp;km/h; {{cvt|300|kn|mph|disp=output only}})
| colspan="2" | 289&nbsp;kn (535&nbsp;km/h; {{cvt|289|kn|mph|disp=output only}})
|-
! 48 pax [[Range (aircraft)|range]]
| colspan="2" | {{cvt|459|nmi}}
| {{cvt|794|nmi}}
| {{cvt|716|nmi}}
| {{cvt|726|nmi}}
| {{cvt|680|nmi}}
|}
== See also ==
{{Portal|Aviation|France}}
{{aircontent
|related=
* [[ATR 52]]
* [[ATR 72]]
|similar aircraft=
* [[Antonov An-140]]
* [[De Havilland Canada Dash 8]] Series 300
* [[Fokker 50]]
* [[Saab 2000]]
* [[Xian MA60]]
|lists=
|see also=
}}
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Sources ==
{{refbegin}}
* Jackson, Paul. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004''. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group, 2003. {{ISBN|0-7106-2537-5}}.
* Taylor, Michael J. H. ''Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000''. London: Brassey's, 1999. {{ISBN|1-85753-245-7}}.
{{refend}}
== External links ==
{{Commons and category}}
* {{Official website|www.atraircraft.com}}
{{Alenia Aermacchi aircraft}}
{{Sud/Aérospatiale aircraft}}
{{Italian military aircraft}}
[[Category:ATR aircraft|042]]
[[Category:1980s international cargo aircraft]]
[[Category:1980s international airliners]]
[[Category:France–Italy relations]]
[[Category:High-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:1980s international patrol aircraft]]
[[Category:T-tail aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1984]]
[[Category:Twin-turboprop tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]