View source for Aboriginal Voices Radio Network

{{short description|Former Canadian indigenous radio network}}
{{Infobox radio station
| name             = CKAV-FM
| logo             = Aboriginal Voices logo.jpg
| city             = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]
| area             = [[Canada|National]]
| branding         = Voices Radio
| airdate          = [[2002 in radio|2002]]
| last_airdate     = November [[2016 in radio|2016]]
| frequency        = Various
| format           = [[Adult contemporary]]
| former_callsigns = '''CFIE-FM''' (2002–2006)
| owner            = Aboriginal Voices Radio Inc.
| website          = www.voicesradio.ca<br>www.aboriginalvoices.com<br>www.avrradio.com<br>(All dead links)
}}
'''Aboriginal Voices Radio Network''' (rebranded as '''Voices Radio''' in 2014) was a Canadian [[radio network]], which primarily broadcast music programming and other content of interest to [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|aboriginal people]]. As of June 2015, the network operated stations in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]] (where its studios and offices were located), [[Calgary]] and [[Edmonton]] in [[Alberta]], and [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]. All of its stations were licensed as rebroadcasters of its flagship station, '''CKAV-FM''' in Toronto. The network's administrative office was located in [[Ohsweken, Ontario|Ohsweken]], [[Ontario]], on the [[Six Nations of the Grand River|Six Nations]] [[Indian reserve]] near [[Brantford, Ontario|Brantford]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2015-04-13 |title=ARCHIVED - Broadcasting - Commission letter - Subject: Licence renewal applications: 2014-0960-8 for CKAV-FM Toronto, ON, 2014-0959-0 for CKAV-FM-2 Vancouver, BC, 2014-0957-4 for CKAV-FM-3 Calgary, AB, 2014-0955-8 for CKAV-FM-4 Edmonton, AB and 2014-0956-6 for CKAV-FM-9 Ottawa, ON - 13 April 2015 |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2015/lb150413.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> The stations' music programming consisted mainly of [[adult contemporary]] music (including both mainstream and [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] artists), along with specialty programs focusing on aboriginal-oriented content.
On June 25, 2015, the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]] revoked Voices Radio's broadcast licences effective July 25, 2015, citing a long-term history of non-compliance with conditions of their licences.<ref name=revoked>{{cite news|url=http://www.broadcastermagazine.com/news/crtc-revokes-licences-of-aboriginal-voices-radio-avr/1003694248/|title=CRTC Revokes Licences of Aboriginal Voices Radio (AVR)|work=Broadcaster|date= June 26, 2015}}</ref> The CRTC issued a call for applications for new radio services in the markets vacated by the network, with special priority given to new First Nations services.<ref name=revoked/> The suspension was stayed on July 23, 2015, by the [[Federal Court of Appeal]], pending the outcome of a request for a [[leave to appeal]] the CRTC's decision.<ref name=stay>{{Cite web |url=http://ijg.me/avr/KMBT35020150723155840.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060608/http://ijg.me/avr/KMBT35020150723155840.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The stay was lifted on November 10, 2016, when AVR lost its appeal and the network left the air shortly afterwards.<ref name=fca/>
==History==
Aboriginal Voices Radio Network (AVR) was founded in 1998 by a group of high-profile aboriginal Canadians, including actor [[Gary Farmer]], playwright, novelist and author [[Tomson Highway]], filmmaker [[Alanis Obomsawin]] and actress/producer [[Jennifer Podemski]]. The brand descended from ''Aboriginal Voices'' magazine, edited by Farmer, which published from 1993 to 1999, and Aboriginal Voices Festival which ran annually in Toronto from 1998 to 2000. Other founders and key contributors to creation of the network included project manager and training coordinator Brian Wright-McLeod, Christopher Spence and Andre Morriseau (production and programming), John Matthews and Mark MacLeod (licensing), Robert Templeton and J. Robert Wood (corporate funding), Elaine Bomberry, David Deleary, Sherman Maness, Nicole Robertson, Minnie Two Shoes and Doug Bingley (strategic advice). The network's original scope was to feature programming produced primarily by and for [[Aboriginal people in Canada]], featuring music and personalities from around the world.
AVR's first station, CFIE-FM in [[Toronto]], was licensed by the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission|CRTC]] in 2000. CFIE changed its callsign to CKAV in 2006. AVR had previously operated on 106.3 FM (JUMP FM) for a short 6 day period in 1998 during the Aboriginal Voices Festival at [[Harbourfront Centre]] in Toronto. The network faced technical and logistical problems which have prevented it from launching some of its stations; and the original found here and management were forced out by 2004. The network had applied to the CRTC for extensions five or six times as of the end of 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2005-07-19 |title=ARCHIVED - Deadline to commence operations |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2005/db2005-330.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> Since then, however, the network had moved forward with most of the approved licenses.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2005/pb2005-118.htm
|title=Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2005-118
|date=8 December 2005
|access-date=2008-03-01
|publisher=CRTC
}}</ref>
In 2009, the network surrendered its licenses for transmitters in [[Kitchener, Ontario]] (CKAV-FM-8, 102.5&nbsp;MHz)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2009-04-03 |title=ARCHIVED - Revocation of licence |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2009/2009-177.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> and [[Montreal]] (CKAV-FM-10, 106.7&nbsp;MHz).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2009-04-03 |title=ARCHIVED - Revocation of licence |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2009/2009-178.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> On August 20, 2009, the CRTC approved an application by Canadian Hellenic Cable Radio (CHCR) to amend the broadcasting licence for its station in Montreal at 106.3&nbsp;MHz, a second adjacent frequency to CKAV-FM-10 at 106.7 FM, requiring AVR to find an alternative frequency in the event of any interference with the signal of CKAV-FM-10.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(CRTC) |first=Government of Canada, Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission |title=ARCHIVED - New FM radio station to serve Montréal – Licence amendment |url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2009/2009-508.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=www.crtc.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref> As of January 2011, CHCR's station, [[CKIN-FM]], has signed on at 106.3&nbsp;MHz. Another broadcaster, [[Evanov Communications]], has since filed an application for a new station at 106.7 serving the western suburb of [[Hudson, Quebec|Hudson]] in January 2012;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canadian Radio News |url=https://www.facebook.com/rwcrn/ |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=www.facebook.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2012-01-20 |title=ARCHIVED - Notice of hearing - 21 March 2012 - Gatineau, Quebec - Deadline for submission of interventions/comments/answers: 21 February 2012 |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2012/2012-29.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> that station, since becoming [[CHSV-FM]], was approved in October 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2012-10-19 |title=ARCHIVED - English-language FM radio station in Hudson/St-Lazare |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2012/2012-576.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref>
AVR's outlet in [[Ottawa]], CKAV-FM-9 95.7&nbsp;MHz<ref name="CRTC2001-627">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date= |title=ARCHIVED - New native FM station to serve the Ottawa-Hull region |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2001/DB2001-627.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> was on air until early October 2014, but has been silent since that time. It never returned to air, though it was still listed on its website among the other stations broadcasting.
In December 2014, AVR renamed itself to '''Voices Radio''', as its scope expanded out of the aboriginal realm and more into music from mainstream artists, generally bent towards adult contemporary. In February 2015, Voices Radio began to air [[old-time radio]] programs from the [[United States]], nightly from 10 pm to 12 Midnight local time.
===Loss of broadcast licensing===
On March 11, 2015, Voices Radio applied with the CRTC to renew all five station licences (including the closed Ottawa outlet), which were to expire on August 31, 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2015-03-11 |title=ARCHIVED - Notice of hearing -13 May 2015 -Gatineau, Quebec |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2015/2015-84.htm#bm1 |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> On June 25, 2015, the CRTC denied the renewals, revoked their broadcast licenses, and ordered Voices Radio to cease broadcasting by July 25, 2015. The commission cited repeated, long-term failures by Voices Radio to adhere to the requirements of its licenses, such as a failure to broadcast a sufficient amount of local news content in each of its markets that reflects stories of interest to their respective aboriginal communities, and failing to submit annual financial and business reports, program logs, and tapes of broadcast days to the CRTC. The CRTC intends to hold a call for applications for new aboriginal-focused broadcasters to take on CKAV's frequencies.<ref name=crtc-avrrevoked>{{cite web|title=Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2015-282|date=25 June 2015|url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2015/2015-282.htm|publisher=CRTC|access-date=27 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=fagstein-fedup>{{cite web|last1=Faguy|first1=Steve|title=Why the CRTC decided it was fed up with Aboriginal Voices Radio|url=http://blog.fagstein.com/2015/06/25/crtc-kills-aboriginal-voices-radio/|website=Fagstein.com}}</ref> The CRTC's suspension of license in all the network's cities, except for Ottawa, was suspended on July 23, 2015, pending an application by the station for a leave to appeal the CRTC's decision.<ref name=stay/> The appeal was heard on November 8, 2016 and on November 10, the Federal Court of Appeal issued a ruling upholding the CRTC's revocation of AVR's licence.<ref name="fca">Aboriginal Voices Radio Inc. v. Canada (Attorney General), 2016 FCA 275 (CanLII), https://canlii.ca/t/gvp9t, retrieved on 2023-03-27</ref>
===Successors===
In August 2015, the CRTC issued a call for new licenses to replace Voices Radio in Toronto, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2015-08-26 |title=Call for radio applications to serve urban Aboriginal communities in Ottawa, Toronto, Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2015/2015-399.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> On February 23, 2016, the CRTC announced that they had received twelve applications for the new stations: two applications for stations in Vancouver, three for Calgary, three for Edmonton, two for Toronto and two for Ottawa. The five organizations that applied were the [[Aboriginal Multi-Media Society]] (owner of Alberta's [[CFWE|CFWE radio network]]), [[Wawatay Native Communications Society]], [[Northern Native Broadcasting (Terrace)]], VMS Media Group, and First Peoples Radio—a subsidiary of the [[Aboriginal Peoples Television Network]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mediaincanada.com/2016/02/23/next-steps-for-urban-aboriginal-radio/|title = Next steps for urban Aboriginal radio|website = [[Media of Canada]]}}</ref><ref name="wpfp-aptnus">{{cite news|title=Aboriginal TV network seeks U.S. expansion|url=http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/business/aboriginal-tv-network-seeks-us-expansion-402007995.html|website=Winnipeg Free Press|date=19 November 2016|access-date=29 November 2016|last1=Cash|first1=Martin}}</ref>
The licenses for Voices Radio remained in effect, pending results of their appeal, though the CRTC subsequently announced that Voices Radio's outlets in Calgary and Edmonton had ceased operations, leaving Toronto and Vancouver as being the only stations in the Voices Radio group still broadcasting as of February 2016.
First Peoples Radio was granted licenses to operate stations in Toronto ([[CFPT-FM]]) and Ottawa ([[CFPO-FM]]) on AVR's former frequencies. [[Northern Native Broadcasting (Terrace)]] was awarded AVR's former Vancouver frequency and would broadcast as [[CKUR-FM]], and AVR's former frequencies in Edmonton and Calgary were awarded to the Aboriginal Multi-Media Society.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://theturtleislandnews.com/index.php/2017/06/14/crtc-grants-licences-five-radio-stations-serve-indigenous-people-urban-centres-country-wide/ |title=CRTC grants licenses for five radio stations to serve indigenous people in urban centres country wide - the Turtle Island News |access-date=2017-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614222316/http://theturtleislandnews.com/index.php/2017/06/14/crtc-grants-licences-five-radio-stations-serve-indigenous-people-urban-centres-country-wide/ |archive-date=2017-06-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The new Calgary station, [[CJWE-FM]], signed on in June 2018 with a similar format to CFWE;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/indigenous-radio-returns-to-calgary-airwaves-1.3908996|title=Indigenous radio returns to Calgary airwaves|date=2018-04-30|website=CTV News Calgary|language=en|access-date=2019-07-26}}</ref> [[CIWE-FM]] Edmonton began full broadcasting in February 2021.<ref name="flight">{{cite news|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/7613364/indigenous-radio-station-the-raven/|work=Global News|first=Emily|last=Mertz|title=New Indigenous radio station The Raven launches in Edmonton: 'It was emotional'|accessdate=February 3, 2021|date=February 1, 2021}}</ref>
==Stations==
These four stations were on the air at the time of their license revocation:
*[[Toronto]] - CKAV-FM 106.5&nbsp;MHz <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2000-06-16 |title=ARCHIVED - Decision CRTC 2000-204, New Type B FM native radio programming undertaking |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2000/DB2000-204.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-11-16 |title=Voices Radio Canada |url=http://voicestoronto.com/ |access-date=2023-03-27 |archive-date=2015-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116213313/http://voicestoronto.com/ |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
*[[Vancouver]] - CKAV-FM-2, 106.3&nbsp;MHz <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2006-06-22 |title=ARCHIVED - Use of frequency 106.3 MHz by the new English- and Native-language FM radio station in Vancouver |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2006/db2006-258.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-11-14 |title=Montreal Cleaning Services {{!}} Residential & Commercial Cleaning Services |url=https://menagetotal.ca/ |access-date=2023-03-27 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Calgary]] -  CKAV-FM-3 88.1&nbsp;MHz <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2001-03-12 |title=ARCHIVED - Decision CRTC 2001-172, Three new radio stations to serve Calgary |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2001/DB2001-172.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> ''(ceased operation prior to license revocation)''
*[[Edmonton]] - CKAV-FM-4 89.3&nbsp;MHz <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2004-04-05 |title=ARCHIVED - Native FM radio station in Edmonton |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2004/db2004-134.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> ''(ceased operation prior to license revocation)''
===Ceased operation prior to 2015===
*[[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]] - CKAV-FM-8, 102.5&nbsp;MHz ''(on-air from 2008-2009)'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2003-05-14 |title=ARCHIVED - Native FM radio station in Kitchener-Waterloo |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2003/db2003-155.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref>
*[[Ottawa]] - CKAV-FM-9, 95.7&nbsp;MHz ''(on-air 2008-2014)''
*[[Montreal]] - CKAV-FM-10, 106.7&nbsp;MHz ''(on-air from 2008-2009)''. In 2003, the station previously applied for 100.1&nbsp;MHz, but was denied that frequency, due to new station [[CJEB-FM]] in [[Trois-Rivières]] being awarded the frequency.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2003 |title=ARCHIVED - Native FM radio station in Montréal |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2003/db2003-195.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref>
===Licensed but never launched===
Both stations were approved by the CRTC in May 2007 and slated for launch in 2009, but never commenced broadcasting. As of 2022, these frequencies remain unoccupied.
*[[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]] - 96.1&nbsp;MHz <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2007-05-28 |title=ARCHIVED - Licensing of new radio stations to serve Regina, Saskatchewan, and technical change for CJLR-FM La Ronge, Saskatchewan |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2007/db2007-156.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref>
*[[Saskatoon]] - 102.9&nbsp;MHz <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2007-05-28 |title=ARCHIVED - Licensing of new radio stations to serve Saskatoon, Saskatchewan |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2007/db2007-155.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref>
In 2003, Aboriginal Voices Radio was also approved to broadcast on 850&nbsp;kHz in [[Abbotsford, British Columbia]], following the conversion of [[Rogers Communications]]' [[CKQC-FM|CKSR]] to 107.1&nbsp;MHz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |date=2003 |title=ARCHIVED - New transmitter in Abbotsford |url=https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2003/db2003-67.htm |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=crtc.gc.ca}}</ref> That station never signed on, and the 850 AM frequency remains vacant.
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/ontario/ontario-city-of-toronto/ckav-fm-1/ CKAV-1] at The History of Canadian Broadcasting by the [[Canadian Communications Foundation]]
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/british-columbia/british-columbia-vancouver/ckav-fm-2/ CKAV-2] - Canadian Communications Foundation
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/alberta/alberta-south/ckav-fm-3/ CKAV-3] - Canadian Communications Foundation
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/alberta/alberta-north/ckav-fm-4/ CKAV-4] - Canadian Communications Foundation
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/ontario/ontario-western/ckav-fm-8/ CKAV-8] - Canadian Communications Foundation
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/ontario/ontario-ottawa-valley/ckav-fm-9/ CKAV-9] - Canadian Communications Foundation
*[https://broadcasting-history.ca/radio/radio-stations/quebec/quebec-montreal-laval-lanaudiere-laurentides-monteregie/ckav-fm-10/ CKAV-10] - Canadian Communications Foundation
*{{RecnetCanada|CKAV-FM}}
{{Toronto Radio}}
[[Category:First Nations radio stations in Canada]]
[[Category:Radio stations established in 2002]]
[[Category:2002 establishments in Ontario]]
[[Category:Defunct radio broadcasting companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Adult contemporary radio stations in Canada]]
[[Category:2015 disestablishments in Canada]]
[[Category:Radio stations disestablished in 2015]]
[[Category:Defunct radio stations in Canada]]
[[Category:Defunct Canadian radio networks]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Toronto]]