View source for Adelpha

{{Short description|Genus of brush-footed butterflies}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Butterfly sucking a banana top.JPG
| image_caption = [[Band-celled sister]] (''A. fessonia'')
| taxon = Adelpha
| authority = [[Jacob Hübner|Hübner]], 1819
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = See text
| synonyms = *''Heterochroa'' <small>Boisduval, [1836]</small>
}}
'''''Adelpha''''' is a genus of [[Nymphalidae|brush-footed butterflies]] found from the southern United States and Mexico to South America. They are commonly known as '''sisters''', due to the white markings on their wings, which resemble a [[nun]]'s [[Habit (nun)|habit]].<ref name="aud">{{cite book|author=National Audubon Society|editor =Robert Michael Pyle|title =The Audubon Society field guide to North American butterflies|url=https://archive.org/details/audubonsocietyfi00robe|url-access=registration|publisher =Knopf|year =1981|isbn =9780394519142}}</ref> This genus is sometimes included with the '''admiral''' butterflies (''[[Limenitis]]'').
==Species==
Listed alphabetically within species group:<ref>[http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/limenitidinae/adelpha/ "''Adelpha'' Hübner, [1819&#93;"] at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''</ref><ref>Jeffrey Glassberg (2007). ''A Swift Guide to the Butterflies of Mexico and Central America''. Sunstreak Books Inc. {{ISBN|978-1-4243-0915-3}}. pp.97-101.</ref>
The '''''alala''''' species group:
*''[[Adelpha alala]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small> – Alala sister
*''[[Adelpha aricia]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small>
*''[[Adelpha corcyra]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small>
*''[[Adelpha donysa]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small> – montane sister
*''[[Adelpha pithys]]'' <small>(Bates, 1864)</small> – pithys sister
*''[[Adelpha tracta]]'' <small>(Butler, 1872)</small> – tracta sister
[[File:Alala Sister, Arvi Park, Colombia.jpg|thumb|''[[Adelpha alala]]'']]
The '''''capucinus''''' species group:
*''[[Adelpha barnesia]]'' <small>Schaus, 1902</small> – Barnes' sister
*''[[Adelpha capucinus]]'' <small>(Walch, 1775)</small> – capycinus sister
*''[[Adelpha epizygis]]'' <small>[[Hans Fruhstorfer|Fruhstorfer]], 1915</small>
*''[[Adelpha fabricia]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1913</small>
The '''''cocala''''' species group:
*''[[Adelpha argentea]]'' <small>Willmott & Hall, 1995</small>
*''[[Adelpha boreas]]'' <small>(Butler, 1866)</small> – gaudy sister
*''[[Adelpha cocala]]'' <small>(Cramer, 1779)</small> – cocala sister, orange-washed sister
*''[[Adelpha coryneta]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1874)</small>
*''[[Adelpha erymanthis]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1884</small> – Godman's sister
*''[[Adelpha felderi]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1870)</small> – rusty sister, Felder's sister
*''[[Adelpha irmina]]'' <small>(Doubleday, 1848)</small> – Irmina sister
*''[[Adelpha jordani]]'' <small>(Fruhstorfer, 1913)</small> – Jordan's sister
*''[[Adelpha justina]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1861)</small>
*''[[Adelpha lamasi]]'' <small>Willmott & Hall, 1999</small>
*''[[Adelpha leucophthalma]]'' <small>(Latreille, 1809)</small> – Veracruz sister
*''[[Adelpha levona]]'' <small>Steinhauser & Miller, 1977</small>
*''[[Adelpha milleri]]'' <small>Beutelspacher, 1976</small> – cloistered sister
*''[[Adelpha olynthia]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Olynthia sister
*''[[Adelpha rothschildi]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1913</small>
*''[[Adelpha salus]]'' <small>Hall, 1935</small> – lost sister
*''[[Adelpha saundersii]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1867)</small> – Saunder's sister
*''[[Adelpha shuara]]'' <small>Willmott & Hall, 1995</small>
*''[[Adelpha sichaeus]]'' <small>(Butler, 1866)</small>
*''[[Adelpha stilesiana]]'' <small>DeVries & Chacón, 1982</small>
*''[[Adelpha zina]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1867)</small> – Zina sister
[[File:Thessalia Sister (Adelpha thessalia), Iguazu Falls.jpg|thumb|''[[Adelpha thessalia]]'']]
The '''''iphiclus''''' species group:
*''[[Adelpha abyla]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1850)</small> – Jamaican sister
*''[[Adelpha basiloides]]'' <small>(Bates, 1865)</small> – spot-celled sister
*''[[Adelpha calliphane]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1915</small>
*''[[Adelpha falcipennis]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1915</small>
*''[[Adelpha gavina]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1915</small>
*''[[Adelpha iphicleola]]'' <small>(Bates, 1864)</small> – confusing sister
*''[[Adelpha iphiclus]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> – pointed sister
*''[[Adelpha mythra]]'' <small>(Godart, 1824)</small> – Mythra sister
*''[[Adelpha plesaure]]'' <small>Hübner, 1823</small> – pleasure sister
*''[[Adelpha poltius]]'' <small>Hall, 1938</small>
*''[[Adelpha thessalia]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Thessalia sister
*''[[Adelpha thoasa]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1850)</small> – thoasa sister
[[File:Nymphalidae - Adelpha plesaure.JPG|thumb|''[[Adelpha plesaure]]'']]
The '''''phylaca''''' species group:
*''[[Adelpha erotia]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small> – stitched sister
*''[[Adelpha lycorias]]'' <small>(Godart, 1824)</small> – rayed sister
*''[[Adelpha mesentina]]'' <small>(Cramer, 1777)</small> – mesentina sister
*''[[Adelpha phylaca]]'' <small>(Bates, 1866)</small> – Cecropia sister
*''[[Adelpha messana]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Messana or Thesprotia sister
[[File:Adelpha mesentina.jpg|thumb|''A. mesentina'']]
[[File:Messana sister (Adelpha messana delphicola).jpg|thumb|''A. messana delphicola''<br/>Southern Amazon, [[Brazil]]]]
The '''''serpa''''' species group:
*''[[Adelpha bredowii]]'' <small>Geyer, 1837</small> – Bredow's sister
*''[[Adelpha californica]]'' <small>(Butler, 1865)</small> – California sister
*''[[Adelpha diocles]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1878</small> – tailed sister
*''[[Adelpha eulalia]]'' <small>E. Doubleday, 1848)</small> – Arizona sister
*''[[Adelpha herbita]]'' <small>Weymer, 1907</small>
*''[[Adelpha hyas]]'' <small>(Doyère, 1840)</small>
*''[[Adelpha nea]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small> – Nea sister
*''[[Adelpha paraena]]'' <small>(Bates, 1865)</small> – Massilia sister, Bates' sister
*''[[Adelpha paroeca]]'' <small>(Bates, 1864)</small> – eyed sister
*''[[Adelpha radiata]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1915</small> – striated sister
*''[[Adelpha seriphia]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – dentate sister
*''[[Adelpha serpa]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1836)</small> – celerio sister, celadon sister
*''[[Adelpha zea]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1850)</small> – Zea sister
[[File:Adelpha californica-2.jpg|thumb|''[[Adelpha californica]]'']]
Ungrouped:
*''[[Adelpha abia]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1850)</small>
*''[[Adelpha amazona]]'' <small>Austin & Jasinski, 1999</small>
*''[[Adelpha atlantica]]'' <small>Willmott, 2003</small>
*''[[Adelpha attica]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Attica sister
*''[[Adelpha boeotia]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Felder's sister
*''[[Adelpha cytherea]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> – smooth-banded sister
*''[[Adelpha demialba]]'' <small>(Butler, 1872)</small> – white-spotted sister
*''[[Adelpha delinita]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1913</small> – Fruhstorfer's Sister or delineated sister
*''[[Adelpha diazi]]'' <small>Beutelspacher, 1975</small> – Diaz's sister
*''[[Adelpha ethelda]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1867)</small> – silver-banded sister
*''[[Adelpha epione]]'' <small>(Godart, 1824)</small> – white-barred sister
*''[[Adelpha fessonia]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small> – Mexican sister, band-celled sister
*''[[Adelpha gelania]]'' <small>(Godart, 1824)</small> – Antillean sister
*''[[Adelpha heraclea]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Heraclea sister
*''[[Adelpha hesterbergi]]'' <small>Willmott & Hall, 1999</small>
*''[[Adelpha leuceria]]'' <small>(Druce, 1874)</small> – orange-striped sister
*''[[Adelpha leucerioides]]'' <small>Beutelspacher, 1975</small> – Veracruz sister
*''[[Adelpha malea]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1861)</small> – Venezuelan sister
*''[[Adelpha melona]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1847)</small> – Mellona sister
*''[[Adelpha naxia]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1867)</small> – Naxia sister, three-part sister
*''[[Adelpha pollina]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1915</small>
*''[[Adelpha salmoneus]]'' <small>(Butler, 1866)</small> – golden-banded sister
*''[[Adelpha syma]]'' <small>(Godart, 1824)</small> – Syma sister
*''[[Adelpha viola]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1913</small>
<gallery>
File:Butterfly sucking a banana top.JPG|''[[Adelpha fessonia]]''
file:Adelpha melona1.jpg|''[[Adelpha melona]]''
File:Papallona Guatemala.JPG|''[[Adelpha syma]]''
File:Montane sister (Adelpha donysa) Guatemala.jpg|Montane sister (''Adelpha donysa''), Guatemala
File:Adelpha cytherea MHNT.jpg|''[[Adelpha cytherea]]'' - [[MHNT]]
File:Adelpha epione agilla MHNT.jpg|''[[Adelpha epione]]'' - MHNT
File:Adelpha viola pseudococala MHNT.jpg|''[[Adelpha viola]]'' - MHNT
</gallery>
==See also==
*''[[Doxocopa]]'' - A genus of butterflies whose females closely resemble ''Adelpha'' species
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikispecies}}
*[http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=3700 images representing ''Adelpha''] at [[Consortium for the Barcode of Life]]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1757708}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Adelpha| ]]
[[Category:Nymphalidae of South America]]
[[Category:Nymphalidae genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Jacob Hübner]]
[[Category:Limenitidinae]]