View source for Alexis de Castillon

{{Short description|French composer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
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'''Marie-Alexis de Castillon de Saint-Victor''' (13 December 1838 – 5 March 1873) was a French composer.
==Life and career==
Castillon was born in [[Chartres]] into an old aristocratic family from Languedoc. His parents initially intended him to pursue a military career, but Castillon gave up plans for professional soldiering in favour of music, which he learned first in his birthplace and then in Paris, where he studied piano and composition, initially with [[Charles Delioux]]. For composition, he attended the classes of [[Victor Massé]] and, from 1869, of [[César Franck]] at the [[Paris Conservatory|Paris Conservatoire]]. Before his studies with Franck, he had completed his Opus 1, a [[piano quintet]], probably inspired by the earlier example of his friend [[Camille Saint-Saëns]].<ref>[[Joël-Marie Fauquet|Fauquet]] (1997), p. 304.</ref> Both the quintet and the later piano quartet Op. 7 follow [[Robert Schumann|Schumann]]'s model.<ref name="Fauquet 1997, p. 302">Fauquet (1997), p. 302.</ref> He disavowed earlier efforts, including a symphony in [[F major]], which he had written in 1865.
In fragile health at the best of times (volunteering during the War of 1870, he fell ill and was demobilized in 1871), he died of complications from fever in 1873 at age 34. His works include pieces for piano, chamber music, [[lieder|mélodies]], a [[piano concerto]], and other orchestral music. He was also active in Parisian musical life, in particular helping to create, in 1871, the ''[[Société Nationale de Musique]]'', of which he was the first secretary.
==List of compositions==
===Piano solo===
* Fugue in G minor
* ''Fugues dans le style libre'', Op. 2 (1869)<ref>{{OCLC|37008839}}.</ref>
* Suite No. 1, Op. 5 (1867?-69)
::I. ''Canon''
::II. ''Scherzo''
::III. ''Thème et Variations''
::IV. ''Gavotte''
::V. ''Marche''
* ''5 Pièces dans le style ancien'', Op. 9 (1870)
::I. ''Prélude''
::II. ''Sicilienne''
::III. ''Sarabande''
::IV. ''Air'' (D major)
::V. ''Fughette''
* Suite No. 2, Op. 10 (1870)<ref name="musicologie"/>
::I. ''Ballade''
::II. ''Ronde''
::III. ''Adagietto'' (F major)
::IV. ''Fantaisie'' (D minor)
::V. ''Saltarelle''
* ''6 Valses humoristiques'', Op. 11 (1871) (orchestrated by [[Charles Koechlin]])<ref name="musicologie">Warszawski, 2005.</ref>
::I. (Liberamente) (E major)
::II. (Non troppo vivo) (A major)
::III. (Con fantasia) (C{{music|sharp}} minor)
::IV. (Comodo) (F{{music|sharp}} major)
::V. (Energico) (B major)
::VI. (Vivo assai) (E major)
* ''24 Pensées fugitives'' (1873)
::I. ''Aveu''
::II. ''Minuetto''
::III. ''Au bois''
::IV. ''Carillon''
::V. ''Compliment''
::VI. ''Première Mazurka''
::VII. ''Causerie''
::VIII. ''Fanfare''
::IX. ''Scherzo-Valse''
::X. ''Regrets''
::XI. ''Deuxième Mazurka''
::XII. ''Toccata''
::XIII. ''Marche des Français''
::XIV. ''Au revoir''
::XV. ''Feu follet''
::XVI. ''Bayadère''
::XVII. ''Chanson du cavalier''
::XVIII. ''Extase''
::XIX. ''Colombine''
::XX. ''Les Dragons''
::XXI. ''Scherzettino''
::XXII. ''Appel du soir''
::XXIII. ''Troisième Mazurka''
::XXIV. ''Aubade''
===Chamber===
* Piano Quintet, Op. 1 (1863–64)<ref>{{cite web|title=Elibron republication of Piano Quintet|url=http://www.elibron.com/english/other/item_detail.phtml?msg_id=92659|access-date=10 February 2009|year=1867|publisher=Flaxland|location=Paris|oclc=228493431|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710184845/http://www.elibron.com/english/other/item_detail.phtml?msg_id=92659|archive-date=10 July 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}.</ref><ref name="Fauquet 1997, p. 302"/>
::I. ''Allegro''
::II. ''Scherzo''
::III. ''Adagio et final''
* String Quartet No. 1, Op. 3, No. 1 (1867) (ded. to Henri Poencet)
::I. (Allegro)
::II. (Adagio molto lento - Allegro scherzando)
::III. (Molto grave - Molto allegro)
* String Quartet No. 2, Op. 3, No. 2 (1867) (unfinished, only ''Cavatina'' published)
* Piano Trio No. 1, Op. 4 (1865)
::I. ''Prélude et Andante''
::II. ''Scherzo''
::III. ''Romance''
::IV. ''Finale''
* Sonata for violin and piano, Op. 6 (1868) (ded. to [[Elie-Miriam Delaborde]])
::I. (Allegro moderato)
::II. (Allegro scherzando)
::III. (Andante)
::IV. (Allegro molto)
* Piano Quartet, Op. 7 (1869) (ded. to [[Anton Rubinstein]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Review of Recording of Castillon, Saint-Saëns, Lekeu, Chausson Piano Quartets|url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2005/mar05/French_quartets_72434820612.htm|date=March 2005|access-date=31 December 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090108110405/http://www.musicweb-international.com/classRev/2005/Mar05/French_quartets_72434820612.htm| archive-date= 8 January 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref>
::I. (Larghetto - Allegro deciso - Allegro)
::II. (Scherzando)
::III. (Larghetto, quasi marcia religiosa)
::IV. ''Finale'' (Allegro)
* Piano Trio No. 2, Op. 17 (1870-73?)<ref>{{OCLC|17166404}}.</ref><ref>Duchesneau (1997), {{Google books|UgGBXwpHTe8C|L'avant-garde musicale et ses sociétés à Paris de 1871 à 1939}}, Editions Mardaga. p. 18. {{ISBN|2-87009-634-8}}.</ref>
::I. (Allegro moderato)
::II. (Allegretto non vivo) (B{{music|flat}} major)
::III. (Scherzando vivace) (G minor)
::IV. (Adagio - Allegro con fuoco - Molto expressivo senza rigore)
===Concertante===
* Piano Concerto, Op. 12 (1871) (ded. to and first performed (in 1872) by [[Camille Saint-Saëns]] piano) (also arr. for 2 pianos by [[Vincent d'Indy]])
::I. (Allegro moderato)
::II. (Molto lento)
::III. (Allegro con fuoco)
===Orchestra===
* [[Robert Schumann]]: ''Trois morceaux'', arr. for orchestra (unpublished)
* ''Marche Scandinave'' (ded. to [[Georges Bizet]]) (unpublished)
* Symphony No. 1 (1865) (unpublished)
* ''5 Airs de Danse'', suite for orchestra (1870) (unpublished)
::I. ''Introduction et Ronde''
::II. ''Tempo di Walzer''
::III. ''Sicilienne''
::IV. ''Menuet''
::V. ''Danse guerrière''
* ''Esquisses symphoniques'', Op. 15 (1872)
::I. ''Prélude''
::II. ''Gavotte''
::III.  ''Allegretto''
::IV. ''Retour du Prélude et Finale''
* Symphony No. 2 (1872) (unfinished)
* [[Franz Schubert]]: Impromptu, Op. 90, No. 1, arr. for orchestra (1872) (unpublished)
* ''3 Pièces dans le style ancien'' (1873) (orchestration of Nos. 3, 4, and 5 of Op. 9) (unpublished)
::I. ''Sarabande''
::II. ''Air''
::III. ''Fughette''
* ''Torquato Tasso'', Ouverture (unfinished)
===Songs===
* ''6 Poésies d'Armand Silvestre'', Op. 8 (1868–73)<ref>{{OCLC|153885807}}.</ref> (orchestrated 1920 by [[Charles Koechlin]])
::I. ''Le Bûcher''
::II. ''Le Semeur''
::III. ''Sonnet mélancolique''
::IV. ''La Mer''
::V. ''Renouveau''
::VI. ''Vendange''
===Choral===
* ''Paraphrase du Psaume 84'', for soloists, choir, and orchestra, on a text by [[Louis Gallet]], Op. 16 (1872)<ref name="musicologie"/><ref>{{OCLC|301431358}}</ref>
* Mass (1872) (unfinished)
==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist}}
===Sources===
*{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Fauquet|first1=Joël-Marie|editor1-last=Hefling|editor1-first=Stephen E.|title=Chamber Music in France from Luigi Cherubini to Claude Debussy|date=1997|location=New York|encyclopedia=Nineteenth-Century Chamber Music|pages=287–314}}
*{{cite web|title=Biographical Notice for de Castillon|url=http://www.musicologie.org/Biographies/c/castillon.html|language=French|last=Warszawski|first=Jean-Marc|year=2005|access-date=10 February 2009}}
==External links==
{{commons category|Alexis de Castillon}}
*{{cite web|title=Biography of Alexis de Castillon|url=http://www.classical-composers.org/comp/castillon|language=French|access-date=31 December 2008}}
*{{IMSLP|id=Castillon, Alexis de}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1838 births]]
[[Category:1873 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century French classical composers]]
[[Category:19th-century French male musicians]]
[[Category:People from Chartres]]
[[Category:Conservatoire de Paris alumni]]
[[Category:French male classical composers]]
[[Category:French Romantic composers]]