View source for Ammiyya

{{hatnote|For ''ʿāmmiyya'', see [[Varieties of Arabic]].}}
The '''Ammiyya'''{{sfnp|Schilcher|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=B-iDgNPVuhAC&pg=PA104 104]}} ({{langx|ar|الثورة العامية في جبل حوران}}, ''{{transl|ar|althawrat aleamiat fi jabal hawran}}'', or {{langx|ar|italic=yes|ʿĀmmiyya}}) was a revolt against [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule in [[Ottoman Syria|Syria]] in 1889–1890. The tenant farmers and farmworkers sought to curb the abuses of local [[sheikh]]s, restricting them to one eighth of the communal land. They also wanted to partition the rest of the communal land into individual plots outside the sheikh's control, ending their ability to evict poor farmers.{{sfnp|Forni|2003|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=HEPezmUzJ5YC&pg=PA312 312]}}
[[Druze]] opposition was led by the [[Atrash family]].{{sfn|Swayd|2015|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=eL0qBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA22 22]}}
The revolt was largely successful in its aims, restricting the sheikhs to one eighth of the village land{{sfn|Provence|loc=§14}} and establishing the system of land tenure which continued in Syria through the [[Assad regime]].{{sfnp|Forni|2003|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=HEPezmUzJ5YC&pg=PA312 312]}} Desire to placate the locals also prompted the concessions to [[French Third Republic|French]] and [[Kingdom of Belgium|Belgian]] companies that led to the [[Beirut–Damascus Railway|DHP]], the area's first railway.{{sfnp|Schilcher|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=B-iDgNPVuhAC&pg=PA104 104]}}
==See also==
* [[Long Depression]], the economic depression at the time which caused falling prices for [[Hawran]] wheat
* [[Abdul Hamid II]], the sultan at the time
==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist|30em}}
===Bibliography===
* {{citation |last=Forni |first=Nadia |title=Syrian Agriculture at the Crossroads |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HEPezmUzJ5YC |series=''FAO Agricultural Policy and Economic Development Series'', No.&nbsp;8 |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|FAO]] |editor-last=Fiorillo |editor-first=Ciro |editor2-last=Vercueil |editor2-first=Jacques |location=Rome |date=2003 |isbn=92-5-104990-4 |contribution=Land Tenure and Labour<!--sic--> Relations |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HEPezmUzJ5YC&pg=PA309 |pages=309–334  }}.
* {{citation |last=Provence |first=Michael |contribution=An Investigation into the Local Origins of the Great Revolt |contribution-url=http://books.openedition.org/ifpo/3202?lang=en |pages=377–393 |title=France, Syrie, et Liban 1918--1946 |editor-last=Méouchy |editor-first=Nadine |display-editors=0 }}.
* {{citation |last=Schilcher |first=Linda S. |contribution=Railways in the Political Economy of Southern Syria 1890–1925 |title=The Syrian Land: Processes of Integration and Fragmentation: Bilād al-Shām from the 18th to the 20th Century |editor-last=Philipp |editor-first=Thomas |editor2-last=Schaebler |editor2-first=Birgit |display-editors=0 |series=''Berliner Islamstudien'' [''Islamic Studies in Berlin''], Vol.&nbsp;6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-iDgNPVuhAC |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-iDgNPVuhAC&pg=PA97 |pages=97–112 |location=Stuttgart |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |isbn=3-515-07309-4 |date=1998 }}.
* {{citation |last=Swayd |first=Samy |title=Historical Dictionary of the Druzes |date=10 March 2015 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=9781442246171 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eL0qBwAAQBAJ }}.
[[Category:Rebellions against the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Ottoman Syria]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1889]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1890]]
{{ottoman-stub}}
{{syria-hist-stub}}
{{turkey-hist-stub}}