View source for Amy Bull

{{for|the British suffragist, trade unionist and socialist|Amie Hicks}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name        = Amy Bull<br><small>[[Order of the British Empire|MBE]]</small>
| image       =
| caption     =
| birth_name  = Amy Maud Hicks
| birth_date  = {{Birth date|1877|07|16|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Great Holland]], [[Essex]], [[England]]
| death_date  = {{Death date and age|1953|02|11|1877|07|16|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Little Baddow]], [[Essex]], [[England]]
| death_cause =
| other_names =
| known_for   = Suffragette
| education   = [[North London Collegiate School]] [[Girton College, Cambridge|Girton Hall]]
| employer    =
| occupation  = Teacher
| title       =
| spouse      =
| partner     =
| children    =
| parents     =
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| signature   =
| website     =
| footnotes   =
| nationality = British
}}
'''Amy Maud Bull''', [[Order of the British Empire|MBE]] or '''Amy Hicks''' (16 July 1877 – 11 February 1953) was a British teacher and suffragist.
==Life==
Bull was born in [[Great Holland|Great Holland Hall]]  in 1877. She went to [[Girton College|Girton Hall]] where she won a prize every year until she obtained a first degree in classics in 1899. She was a lecturer at [[Westfield College]] in 1900–1901, then taught at Belvedere High School, [[Liverpool]] (1901–1904) and was a fellow at [[Bryn Mawr College]] (1904–1905).<ref name=odnb>Elizabeth Crawford, ‘Bull , Amy Maud (1877–1953)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/63868, accessed 31 Dec 2016]</ref>
[[file:Lilian Hicks by Lena Connell (cropped).png|thumb|left|Amy's mother, [[Lilian Hicks]] (by [[Lena Connell]])]]
Amy's mother, [[Lilian Hicks]], had been associated with the suffrage cause since Amy was a young girl.<ref name=elife>{{Cite web|url=https://www.essexlifemag.co.uk/people/criminals-or-lunatics-the-essex-women-who-fought-for-suffrage-1-5383465|title=Criminals or lunatics: The Essex women who fought for suffrage|website=Essex Life|date=6 February 2018 |language=en|access-date=2020-01-11}}</ref> They were both members by 1902 of the [[Central Society for Women's Suffrage]] and they were soon joining celebrations of civil disobedience in pursuit of their cause. By 1907 they were both in the [[Women's Freedom League]] and Amy was serving as a secretary. Amy was imprisoned for three weeks for [[obstructing government administration|obstruction]]<!--of the highway or of the police?--> that year.<ref name=odnb/>
In about 1909 the Women's Freedom League published a postcard which featured Lilian Hicks.<ref>[https://womanandhersphere.com/2012/07/28/suffragette-postcards-real-photographic-portrait/ Suffragette postcards: real photographic portrait], womanandhersphere.com, retrieved 31 December 2016</ref>  She and her mother were arrested on [[Black Friday (1910)|Black Friday]] on 18 November 1910.<ref name=odnb/>
Bull was a member of the [[Women's Tax Resistance League]] which sought to resist paying tax to a government that only men had voted for. In 1912 she was smashing [[West End of London|West End]] shop windows as part of a [[Women's Social and Political Union]] demonstration. She was sentenced in March 1912 and she was jailed for four months during which time she went on hunger strike and was [[force fed]].<ref name=elife/> She and [[Sylvia Pankhurst]] founded the East London branch of the Women's Social and Political Union on 27 May 1913<ref name=odnb/> and in the same year her mother was secretary of the Hampstead [[United Suffragists]].<ref name="Crawford2013">{{cite book|author=Elizabeth Crawford|title=The Women's Suffrage Movement in Britain and Ireland: A Regional Survey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8uoe5GSopaUC&pg=PA178|date=15 April 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-01062-0|page=178}}</ref>
The first World War started in 1914 and Bull served in the [[Women's Volunteer Reserve]] which had been founded by suffragettes to help the war effort.
She married John Major Bull on 4 August 1927. She went on be a [[rural district]] councillor and to lecture on home produced food to meetings of [[Women's Institutes]]. She was awarded an MBE in 1948.<ref name=odnb/>
Bull died in [[Little Baddow]] in 1953.<ref name=odnb/>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bull, Amy}}
[[Category:1877 births]]
[[Category:1953 deaths]]
[[Category:Schoolteachers from Essex]]
[[Category:British suffragists]]
[[Category:English tax resisters]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Alumni of Girton College, Cambridge]]