View source for Anfield

{{short description|Football stadium in Anfield, Liverpool, England}}
{{About|the football stadium|the area of Liverpool in which the stadium is located|Anfield (suburb)|other uses}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox venue
| stadium_name = Anfield
| image = Panorama of Anfield with new main stand (29676137824).jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_alt = View of Anfield from the [[Kenny Dalglish]] end
| caption = View from the Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand
| address = Anfield Road <br> [[Anfield (suburb)|Anfield]] <br> [[Liverpool]] L4 0TH <br> [[Merseyside]] <br> England
| coordinates =
| built = 1884
| opened = 1884
| renovated = 1895, 1903, 1906, 1928, 1957, 1963, 1973, 1982, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2014–2016, 2021–2024
| publictransit = {{rint|liverpool}} [[Kirkdale railway station|Kirkdale]]
| owner = [[Liverpool F.C.]]
| operator = [[Liverpool F.C.]]
| surface = [[GrassMaster]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/tarkett-sports-liverpool-fc-opt-again-for-hybrid-grassmaster-pitch-at-anfield-633779173.html|title=Tarkett Sports: Liverpool FC Opt Again for 'Hybrid' GrassMaster Pitch at Anfield|date=11 July 2017|author=Tarkett Sports}}</ref>
| suites = 64
| fullname = Anfield
| record_attendance = {{formatnum: 61905}} ([[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]]–[[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]], 2 February 1952)
| seating_capacity = 61,276<ref name="2024 capacity"/>
| dimensions = {{convert|101|x|68|m|yd|1}}<ref name="cap2023">{{cite web |url=https://www.thisisanfield.com/clubinfo/anfield/ |title=Anfield Stadium |access-date=23 August 2023}}</ref>
| tenants = [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] (1884–1892) <br /> [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] (1892–present)
}}
'''Anfield''' is a [[Association football|football]] stadium in the area of [[Anfield (suburb)|Anfield]], [[Liverpool]], England, which has been the home of [[Liverpool F.C.]] since their formation in 1892. The stadium has a [[seating capacity]] of 61,276, making it the [[List of football stadiums in England|fifth largest]] stadium in England.<ref name="2024 capacity">{{cite news |title=New Anfield capacity confirmed ahead of 2024-25 |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/new-anfield-capacity-confirmed-ahead-2024-25?amp=1 |access-date=9 August 2024 |publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}</ref> It was originally the home of [[Everton F.C.]] from 1884 to 1891, before they moved to [[Goodison Park]] after a dispute with the club president.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/history/timeline/1892-1917/liverpool-football-club-is-formed |title=Liverpool Football Club is formed |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |access-date=27 June 2019 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100712112221/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/history/timeline/1892-1917/liverpool-football-club-is-formed |archive-date=12 July 2010 }}</ref>
The stadium has four stands: the [[Spion Kop (stadiums)|Spion Kop]], the Main Stand, the Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand and the Anfield Road End.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/262233-centenary-stand-to-be-renamed-the-kenny-dalglish-stand|title=Centenary Stand to be renamed The Kenny Dalglish Stand|work=Liverpool FC|access-date=4 May 2017}}</ref> The record attendance of 61,905 was set at a match between Liverpool and [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]] in 1952.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/history/records/attendances | title=Attendances | work=Liverpool FC official website | access-date=2010-01-31 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117145912/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/history/records/attendances | archive-date=17 January 2010 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> The ground converted to an [[all-seater stadium]] in 1994 as a result of the [[Taylor Report]], which reduced its capacity.
Two gates at the stadium are named after former Liverpool managers: [[Bill Shankly]] and [[Bob Paisley]]. Both managers have been honoured with statues outside the stadium: Shankly's unveiled in 1997 by the Kop Stand and Paisley's in 2020 by the Main Stand. The ground is {{convert|2|mi|km|0}} from [[Liverpool Lime Street railway station]].
It was proposed in 2002 for the club to relocate to a new stadium in the adjacent [[Stanley Park Stadium|Stanley Park]], but after the acquisition of Liverpool by [[Fenway Sports Group]] in 2010 it was made clear this would not happen, with the decision being taken to expand Anfield instead. Construction for an extension to the main stand began on 8 December 2014.<ref name=workstarts>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/constructionandproperty/11279421/Carillion-to-start-work-on-75m-Anfield-expansion.html "Carillion to start work on £75m Anfield expansion"]. The Telegraph. Retrieved 17 January 2015</ref> This extension, one of the largest all-seater single stands in European football, opened to the public on 9 September 2016, increasing the stadium capacity to 54,074.<ref name="cap2022">{{cite web |url=https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2022/07/19/40085fed-1e9e-4c33-9f14-0bcf57857da2/PL_Handbook_2022-23_DIGITAL_18.07.pdf |title=Premier League Handbook 2022/23 |page=26 |date=19 July 2022 |access-date=11 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805212133/https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2022/07/19/40085fed-1e9e-4c33-9f14-0bcf57857da2/PL_Handbook_2022-23_DIGITAL_18.07.pdf |archive-date=5 August 2022 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Anfield Road Stand redevelopment completed in 2024 increased the stadium capacity to over 61,000.
==History==
[[File:Houlding memorial, Liverpool FC 1.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Memorial to [[John Houlding]] (1833–1902) outside Anfield on the 125th anniversary of [[Liverpool F.C.]]]]
The stadium is named after the surrounding area, [[Anfield (suburb)|Anfield]]. The word originated in the combination of [[Old English|Old]] and [[Middle English]] words, which mean "a field on a slope". Anfield, and its deviations, has been associated with the area since at least 1642.<ref>{{cite web |title=What every place name in Liverpool means and where it comes from|publisher=Liverpool Echo|date=18 October 2020|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/how-liverpool-suburbs-got-names-14097725|access-date=3 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Liverpool Historic Settlement Study, part of the Merseyside Historic Characterisation Project|publisher=Museum of Liverpool|date=December 2011|url=https://images.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/2020-01/Liverpool-Part-6.pdf|access-date=3 August 2021}} This projects references the following 1851 map, which is the 1st edition of the [[Ordnance Survey]] that covered Liverpool: https://maps.nls.uk/view/102344096</ref> It has been suggested that the name is linked to the [[Irish diaspora|influx of Irish people]] into the spreading city in the 1850s, and was associated with Annefield, outside [[New Ross]], [[County Wexford]], [[Ireland]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Ten connections between Liverpool and Ireland |date= 4 October 2015 |publisher= Liverpool Echo |access-date= 4 October 2015 |url= https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/ten-connections-between-liverpool-ireland-10192398}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= 150 year old documents shed new light on link between New Ross and Anfield |publisher= Wexford People |access-date= 26 August 2014 |url= http://www.pressreader.com/ireland/wexford-people/20140826/281543699099087}}</ref> Opened in 1884, Anfield was originally owned by John Orrell, a minor land owner who was a friend of [[Everton F.C.]] member [[John Houlding]].<ref>Kelly (1988). p. 13.</ref> Everton, who previously played at Priory Road, were in need of a new venue owing to the noise produced by the crowd on match days.<ref name="LFC">{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/lfc_story/1882.htm |title=LFC Story |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |access-date=23 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619050045/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/lfc_story/1882.htm |archive-date=19 June 2008}}</ref> Orrell lent the pitch to the club in exchange for a small rent. The first match at the ground was between Everton and Earlestown on 28 September 1884, which Everton won 5–0.<ref>Liversedge (1991). p. 112.</ref> During Everton's tenure at the stadium, stands were erected for some of the 8,000-plus spectators regularly attending matches, although the ground was capable of holding around 20,000 spectators and occasionally did. The ground was considered of international standard at the time, playing host to the [[British Home Championship]] match between [[England national football team|England]] and [[Ireland national football team (1882–1950)|Ireland]] in 1889. Anfield's first league match was played on 8 September 1888, between Everton and [[Accrington F.C.]] Everton quickly improved as a team, and became Anfield's first league champions in the [[1890–91 in English football|1890–91]] season.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Everton Story: 1878–1930 |url=http://www.evertonfc.com/history/everton-the-begining.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927004513/http://www.evertonfc.com/history/everton-the-begining.html |archive-date=27 September 2007 |publisher=Everton F.C |access-date=28 May 2008}}</ref>
In 1892, negotiations to purchase the land at Anfield from Orrell escalated into a dispute between Houlding and the Everton F.C. committee over how the club was run. Events culminated in Everton's move to [[Goodison Park]].<ref name="LFC" /> Houlding was left with an empty stadium, and decided to form a new club to occupy it. The new team was called [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool F.C. and Athletic Grounds Ltd]], and the club's first match at Anfield was a [[Exhibition game|friendly]] played in front of 200 people on 1 September 1892, against [[Rotherham Town F.C. (1878)|Rotherham Town]]. Liverpool won 7–1.<ref name="YNWA">Kelly (1988). p. 187.</ref>
[[File:FlagpoleGreatEasternLFC.jpg|thumb|right|upright|The [[topmast]] rescued from the {{SS|Great Eastern}}|alt=A white flagpole in front of football ground]]
Liverpool's first [[English Football League|Football League]] match at Anfield was played on 9 September 1893, against [[Lincoln City F.C.|Lincoln City]]. Liverpool won 4–0 in front of 5,000&nbsp;spectators.<ref>Graham (1984). p. 15.</ref> A new stand capable of holding 3,000&nbsp;spectators was constructed in 1895 on the site of the present Main Stand. Designed by architect [[Archibald Leitch]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/article382300.ece |title=Man who built his place in history |work=The Times |location=London |date=18 April 2005 |access-date=12 July 2011 |first=Richard |last=Whitehead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628220935/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/article382300.ece |archive-date=28 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> the stand had a distinctive red and white [[gable]], and was similar to the main stand at [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United's]] ground [[St James' Park]].<ref name="YNWA" /> Another stand was constructed at the Anfield Road end in 1903, built from timber and [[corrugated iron]]. After Liverpool had won their second League championship in [[1905–06 in English football|1906]], a new stand was built along the Walton Breck Road. Local journalist Ernest Edwards, who was the sports editor of newspapers the ''[[Liverpool Daily Post]]'' and ''[[Liverpool Echo|Echo]]'', named it the [[Spion Kop (stadiums)|Spion Kop]]; it was named after a [[Battle of Spion Kop|famous hill]] in South Africa where a local regiment had suffered heavy losses during the [[Boer War]] in 1900. More than 300&nbsp;men had died, many of them from Liverpool, as the British army attempted to capture the strategic hilltop. Around the same period a stand was also built along Kemlyn Road.<ref name="Kelly 117">Kelly (1988). p. 200.</ref>
On 14 February 1921, Scouse comedian [[Harry Weldon (comedian)|Harry Weldon]] invited [[Dick, Kerr Ladies]] to Anfield to compete in a match between themselves and a side made up of the best players from the rest of Britain, for The Harry Weldon Cup in aid of unemployed ex-servicemen. Weldon’s side was made up of the best individual players from teams throughout the UK, with one player even travelling from the island of Unst in the Shetland Isles. 25,000 fans were in attendance that day as Dick, Kerr Ladies went on to emphatically win 9-1. The trophy is now on display at the [[National Football Museum]] in Manchester.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/21/obituaries/lily-parr-overlooked.html|title=Overlooked No More: Lily Parr, Dominant British Soccer Player|first=Jacob|last=Meschke|work=The New York Times|date=24 July 2023|access-date=26 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wlv.ac.uk/research/research-centres/centre-for-historical-research/football-and-war-network/football-and-war-blog/2021/womens-football-in-the-north-west/|title= Women's Football in the North West |first=Stuart|last=Gibbs|work=University of Wolverhampton|date=20 October 2021|access-date=26 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= https://heswall.nub.news/news/local-features/rewind-a-strange-centenary-of-the-year-womens-football-was-banned|title= Last night the Lionesses won English football's first major trophy since 1966 - this is how a ban of 1921 put them at a 50 year disadvantage |first=Mark|last=Gorton|work=Haswell News|date=1 August 2022|access-date=26 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dickkerrladies.com/about-the-team|title=Team Highlights|first=Gail|last=Newsham|work=Dick,Kerr Ladies Official|date=26 February 2024|access-date=26 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/harry-weldon-cup/PQFI30AlwY0LWA?hl=en|title=Harry Weldon Cup 1921|work=The National Football Museum|date=14 February 1921|access-date=26 February 2024}}</ref>
The ground remained much the same until 1928, when the Kop was redesigned and extended to hold 30,000&nbsp;spectators, all standing. A roof was erected as well.<ref>Liversedge (1991). p. 113.</ref> Many stadia in England had stands named after the Spion Kop. Anfield's was the largest Kop in the country at the time—it was able to hold more supporters than some entire football grounds.<ref name="Echo">{{cite news |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/how-kop-tuned-glory-days-3515712 |title=How Kop tuned in to glory days |first=James |last=Pearce |work=Liverpool Echo |date=23 August 2006 |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref> In the same year the [[topmast]] of the {{SS|Great Eastern}}, one of the first iron ships, was rescued from the [[ship breaking]] yard at nearby [[Rock Ferry]], and was hauled up Everton Valley by a team of horses, to be erected alongside the new Kop. It still stands there, serving as a flag pole.<ref name="Kelly 117"/>
[[File:The Kop - geograph.org.uk - 702695.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Photograph of a stand full of people. In front of the stand is a field and a goal.|The Kop in 1974, before the [[Taylor Report]] recommended standing areas in football grounds be outlawed following the [[Hillsborough disaster]] in 1989.]]
[[Floodlight]]s were installed at a cost of £12,000 in 1957. On 30 October they were switched on for the first time for a match against Everton to commemorate the 75-year anniversary of the [[Liverpool County Football Association]].<ref name="Echo" /> In 1963 the old Kemlyn Road stand was replaced by a [[cantilever]]ed stand, built at a cost of £350,000, accommodating 6,700 spectators.<ref name="inglis">Inglis (1983). p. 210.</ref> Two years later alterations were made at the Anfield Road end, turning it into a larger covered standing area with refreshments under the structure. The biggest redevelopment came in 1973, when the old Main Stand was partially demolished and extended backwards with new roof. Simultaneously the concrete pylon floodlights were demolished with new lights installed along the rooflines of the Kemlyn Road and Main Stands. The new stand was officially opened by [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent|the Duke of Kent]] on 10 March 1973.<ref name="inglis" /> In the 1980s the paddock in front of the Main Stand was turned into seating, and in 1982 seats were introduced at the Anfield Road end. The Shankly Gates were erected in 1982, a tribute to former manager [[Bill Shankly]]; his widow Nessie unlocked them for the first time on 26 August 1982.<ref name="Kelly 117"/> Across the Shankly Gates are the words ''You'll Never Walk Alone'', the title of the [[You'll Never Walk Alone|hit song]] by [[Gerry and the Pacemakers]] adopted by Liverpool fans as the club's anthem during Shankly's time as manager.<ref>Smith (2008). pp. 68–69.</ref>
Coloured seats and a police room were added to the Kemlyn Road stand in 1987. After the [[Hillsborough disaster]] in 1989 when Police mismanagement led to overcrowding and the deaths of 97 Liverpool fans, the [[Taylor Report]] recommended that all grounds in the country should be converted into all-seater grounds by May 1994.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hborough.html |title=Fact-sheet two: Hillsborough and the Taylor Report |publisher=Football Industry Group at Liverpool University |access-date=26 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313074438/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hborough.html |archive-date=13 March 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> A second tier was added to the Kemlyn Road stand in 1992, turning it into a double-decker layout. It included [[executive boxes]] and [[conference hall|function suites]] as well as 11,000&nbsp;seating spaces. Plans to expand the stand had been made earlier, with the club buying up houses on Kemlyn Road during the 1970s, and 1980s, but had to be put on hold until 1990 because two sisters,<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Platt|first1=Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wu1SrgEACAAJ&q=Anfield|title=This Is Anfield: The Official Illustrated History of Liverpool FC's Legendary Stadium|last2=Hughes|first2=William|date=February 2016|publisher=Carlton Books, Limited|isbn=978-1-78097-687-7|language=en}}</ref> Joan and Nora Mason, refused to sell their house. When the club reached an agreement with the sisters in 1990, the expansion plans were put into action.<ref>Moynihan (2008). p. 125.</ref> The stand—renamed the Centenary Stand—was officially opened on 1 September 1992 by [[UEFA]] president [[Lennart Johansson]]. The Kop was rebuilt in 1994 after the recommendations of the Taylor Report and became all seated; it is still a single tier, and the capacity was significantly reduced to 12,390.<ref name="Echo" />
[[File:You'll Never Walk Alone (13976345652).jpg|thumb|The Shankly Gates were erected in 1982 in tribute to [[Bill Shankly]] (1913–1981)]]
On 4 December 1997, a bronze statue of Bill Shankly was unveiled at the visitors' centre in front of the Kop. Standing at over {{convert|8|ft|m}} tall, the statue depicts Shankly with a fan's scarf around his neck, in a familiar pose he adopted when receiving applause from fans. Inscribed on the statue are the words "Bill Shankly – He Made The People Happy".<ref>Moynihan (2008). p. 103.</ref> The Hillsborough memorial was situated alongside the Shankly Gates before it was moved next to 97 Avenue in front of the redeveloped main stand in 2016.<ref name="Memorial">{{cite news |title=Hillsborough memorial returns to Anfield |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/stadium/234646-hillsborough-memorial-returns-to-anfield |access-date=26 February 2020 |agency=LiverpoolFC}}</ref> The memorial is always decorated with flowers and tributes to the 97&nbsp;people who died as a result of the disaster. At the centre of the memorial is an [[eternal flame]], signifying that those who died will never be forgotten.<ref name="Memorial"/>
In 1998 a new two-tier Anfield Road end was opened. The stand has encountered a number of problems since its redevelopment; at the beginning of the [[1999–2000 in English football|1999–2000]] season, a series of support poles and [[stanchion]]s had to be brought in to give extra stability to the top tier of the stand. During [[Ronnie Moran]]'s [[testimonial match]] against [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]], many fans complained of movement of the top tier. At the same time that the stanchions were inserted, the executive seating area was expanded by two rows in the main stand, lowering the [[seating capacity]] in the paddock.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/873760.stm |title=Liverpool stand strengthened |work=BBC Sport |date=10 August 2000 |access-date=11 November 2008}}</ref>
On 30 January 2020, a bronze statue of Bob Paisley was unveiled outside the Main Stand in Paisley Square. The statue was commissioned and donated by the club's main sponsor, Standard Chartered, to celebrate the 10 year anniversary of the relationship with the club.<ref>[https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/384696-bronze-statue-unveiled-at-anfield-to-celebrate-bob-paisley-legacy “Bronze statue unveiled at Anfield to celebrate Bob Paisley legacy”].  Liverpoolfc.com. Retrieved 14 February 2020</ref> The statue is {{cvt|8|ft}} tall and depicts an iconic image of the club's history, Paisley carrying future club captain Emlyn Hughes off the field during a match against Tottenham Hotspur at Anfield in April 1968.<ref name="Statue">{{cite news |title=Liverpool's Bob Paisley celebrated with Anfield statue |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-51312368 |access-date=30 January 2020 |agency=BBC}}</ref>
==Structures and facilities==
[[File:Anfield outline.svg|thumb|right|Outline of Anfield pre-2015 redevelopment; The Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand (top), The Kop (right), Main Stand (bottom) and Anfield Road stand (left)|alt=diagram of a stadium]]
Anfield comprises 60,725 seats split between four stands: the Anfield Road end, the Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand, the Kop, and the Main Stand. The Anfield Road end and Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand are two-tiered, while the Kop is single-tiered and the Main Stand three-tiered.<ref name="plan">{{cite web |url=http://assets.liverpoolfc.tv/uploads/assets/anfield_stadium_plan_large.jpg |title=Seating Plan |publisher=Liverpool F.C |access-date=21 May 2011}}</ref> Entry to the stadium is gained by [[radio-frequency identification]] (RFID) [[smart card]]s rather than the traditional staffed [[turnstile]]. This system, used in all 80&nbsp;turnstiles around Anfield, was introduced in 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chronos.co.uk/pdfs/corp/Pinpoint_Newsletter_Nov06.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410134559/http://www.chronos.co.uk/pdfs/corp/Pinpoint_Newsletter_Nov06.pdf |archive-date=10 April 2008 |title=A Sporting Chance for RFID |publisher=Chronos |page=4 |access-date=28 January 2008}}</ref>
Plans to replace Anfield with a new 60,000-capacity stadium in adjacent [[Stanley Park Stadium|Stanley Park]] were initiated in 2002.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/1992484.stm "Liverpool unveil new stadium"], ''[[BBC Sport]]'', 17 May 2002. Retrieved 18 February 2014.</ref> The plans were revisited under the ownership of [[Tom Hicks]] and [[George N. Gillett, Jr.|George Gillett]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/6912346.stm "Liverpool unveil new stadium plan"], ''[[BBC Sport]]'', 25 July 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2014</ref> Following the acquisition of Liverpool F.C. by [[Fenway Sports Group]] (Then known as New England Sports Ventures (NESV)) in 2010, the owners have abandoned the proposed new stadium in Stanley Park, preferring instead to redevelop and expand Anfield,<ref>Smith, Ben. [https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/19935925 "Liverpool to redevelop Anfield instead of building on Stanley Park"], ''[[BBC Sport]]'', 15 October 2012. Retrieved 18 February 2014</ref> thus echoing their decision to renovate [[Fenway Park]].
The [[Spion Kop (stadiums)|Kop]] is a large single-tiered stand. Originally a large terraced banking providing accommodation for more than 30,000&nbsp;spectators, the current incarnation was constructed in 1994–95 and is single-tiered with no executive boxes. The Kop houses the club's museum, the Reducate centre and the official club shop.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eyethree60.co.uk/vt/liverpoolfc_vtour/liverpool_liverpool.html?ncid=sitevranfield010508 |title=Virtual Tour |publisher=Liverpool F.C |access-date=13 May 2011 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044947/http://www.eyethree60.co.uk/vt/liverpoolfc_vtour/liverpool_liverpool.html?ncid=sitevranfield010508 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Kop is the most-renowned stand at Anfield among home and away supporters, with the people who occupy the stand referred to as ''kopites''. Such is the reputation of the stand that it was claimed that the crowd in the Kop could suck the ball into the goal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/8257477/Liverpool-2-Everton-2-match-report.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/8257477/Liverpool-2-Everton-2-match-report.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Liverpool 2 Everton 2: match report |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=16 January 2011 |access-date=12 July 2011 |first=Jason |last=Burt}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Traditionally, Liverpool's most vocal supporters congregate in this stand.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/football/10/29/first11.stadiums/ |title=Football First 11: Stunning stadiums |publisher=CNN |access-date=29 October 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210220621/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/football/10/29/first11.stadiums/ |archive-date=10 February 2009  }}</ref>
[[File:This is Anfield.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|The "THIS IS ANFIELD" sign above the old tunnel to the pitch at Anfield. Installed by former manager [[Bill Shankly]] in 1972 to instill fear into the opposition, it is now located above the new tunnel entrance.|alt=steps leading down to tunnel, above the tunnel is a sign with This Is Anfield in white letters on a red background, with a crest on it]]
The oldest stand at Anfield is the Main Stand, taking 76 years to complete. The stand was completed in 2016, however, the lower section dates from 1906. The bottom tier of the stand houses the directors' box. The directors' VIP box is located at the rear of the lower tier of the stand. The old large roof was supported by two thin central uprights, with a large suspended television camera gantry which has moved to the front of the third tier.<ref>Inglis (1983). p. 211.</ref> The players' tunnel and the technical area where the managers and substitutes sit during the match are in the middle of the stand at pitch level. Above the stairs leading down to the pitch hung a sign stating "THIS IS ANFIELD". Its purpose was to both intimidate the opposition and to bring the Liverpool players who touch it good luck. Liverpool players and coaching staff traditionally reached up and placed one or both hands on it as they passed underneath.<ref>Moynihan (2008). p. 110.</ref>
The sign was temporarily removed during the most recent reconstruction of the Main Stand; it was placed at the exit from the new Main Stand tunnel to the pitch in advance of Liverpool's [[2016–17 Liverpool F.C. season|2016–17]] home opener.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/stadium-expansion/234963-photos-this-is-anfield-sign-restored-to-main-stand-tunnel |title=Photos: This is Anfield sign restored to Main Stand tunnel |publisher=Liverpool F.C.| date=9 September 2016 |access-date=11 March 2017}}</ref> Then Liverpool manager [[Jürgen Klopp]] had banned players from touching the restored sign until the team had won at least one major trophy.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/jurgen-klopp-bans-liverpool-players-7760479 |title=Jurgen Klopp bans Liverpool players from touching 'This Is Anfield' sign as show of respect |first=Liam |last=Corless |newspaper=[[Daily Mirror|Mirror]] |date=15 April 2016 |access-date=11 March 2017}}</ref> After winning the [[2019 UEFA Champions League Final]] his players were allowed to do so again.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/liverpool-anfield-klopp-touch-sign-16740748|title=Liverpool players can now touch 'This is Anfield' sign but only two did|last=O'Neill|first=Connor|date=2019-08-12|newspaper=[[Liverpool Echo]]|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref> Praising the impact the Anfield atmosphere has on the home team and the effect it has on the away team, opposition manager [[Pep Guardiola]] states, "The motto 'This is Anfield' is no marketing spin. There's something about it that you will find in no other stadium in the world."<ref>{{cite news |title=Pep Guardiola admits Anfield atmosphere is the world's best and explains how Liverpool made him 'feel small'|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/pep-guardiola-admits-anfield-atmosphere-16513451 |access-date=4 July 2019 |work=Liverpool Echo}}</ref> Following the [[2004–05 UEFA Champions League knockout stage#Liverpool v Chelsea|2005 Champions League semi-final second leg]] at Anfield which Liverpool won 1–0, defeated Chelsea manager [[José Mourinho]] recognised the role Liverpool fans played on the match: "I felt the power of Anfield, it was magnificent."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/jose-mourinho-urges-chelsea-fans-8489722|title=Jose Mourinho urges Chelsea fans: 'Give me 25% of the emotion Anfield gives Liverpool FC'|work=Liverpool Echo |access-date=11 March 2021}}</ref>
[[File:Anfield Stadium - IMG 2164.JPG|thumb|The Paisley Gateway was erected outside the Kop in 1999 in tribute to former manager [[Bob Paisley]] (1918–1996). It includes a depiction of the three [[UEFA Champions League|European Cups]] he won during his tenure.]]
The Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand is a two-tiered stand. Originally a single-tiered stand called the Kemlyn Road Stand, the second tier was added in 1992 to coincide with the club's centenary.<ref name="timeline">{{cite web|url=http://lfcstats.co.uk/20162017attendances.html|title=Liverpool Football Club Premier League Attendances 2016–2017|publisher=LFCStats|access-date=5 May 2017}}</ref> It is located opposite the Main Stand and houses directors' boxes, which are between the two tiers. The stand also houses the ground's police station.<ref name="plan" /> On 3 May 2017, Liverpool announced the Centenary Stand would be renamed the Kenny Dalglish Stand in honour of the club's greatest servant, former player and manager [[Kenny Dalglish]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Centenary Stand to be renamed The Kenny Dalglish Stand|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/262233-centenary-stand-to-be-renamed-the-kenny-dalglish-stand|website=Liverpool F.C.|date=3 May 2017 |access-date=3 May 2017}}</ref>
The Anfield Road stand, on the left side of the Main Stand, houses the [[home (sports)|away fans]] during matches. The Anfield Road End was rebuilt in 1965, and multi-coloured seats were added in 1982. Originally a single-tier stand, a further revamp, which was completed in 1998, gave the stand a second-tier providing additional seating.<ref name="timeline" />
There are 59&nbsp;spaces available in the stadium to accommodate [[wheelchair]] users who have season tickets; a further 33 spaces are available for general sale and 8 are allocated to away supporters. These spaces are located in the Main Stand, Anfield Road Stand and The Kop. There are 38&nbsp;spaces available for the [[visually impaired]], which are situated in the old paddock area of the Main Stand, with space for one [[personal assistant]] each. A headset with full [[play-by-play|commentary]] is provided.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/tickets/accessibility |title=Accessibility |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |access-date=21 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604233251/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/tickets/accessibility |archive-date=4 June 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>
The stadium features tributes to two of the club's most successful managers. The Paisley Gateway is a tribute to [[Bob Paisley]], who guided Liverpool to three [[UEFA Champions League|European Cup]]s and six [[Football League First Division|League Championships]] in the 1970s, and 1980s. The gates were erected at the Kop; their design includes representations of the three European Cups Paisley won during his tenure, the crest of his birthplace in [[Hetton-le-Hole]], and the crest of Liverpool F.C.<ref>Moynihan (2008). p. 88.</ref> The Shankly Gates, in tribute of Bill Shankly, Paisley's predecessor between 1959 and 1974, are at the Anfield Road end. Their design includes a Scottish flag, a Scottish thistle, the Liverpool badge, and the words "You'll Never Walk Alone".<ref>Moynihan (2008). p. 31.</ref>
{{wide image|Anfield panorama, 20 October 2012.jpg|900px|align-cap=center|A panorama of Anfield from the Anfield Road Stand, showing from left to right the Sir Kenny Dalglish Stand, the Kop Stand and the former Main Stand in 2012}}
==Redevelopment==
===Abandoned new stadium plans===
{{See also|Stanley Park Stadium}}
[[File:Liverpool v Chelsea, 2005.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A stand which is full of people standing to support their team. There are a number of flags, scarfs, and banners in the crowd.|''The Kop''; the atmosphere generated by the crowd in the stand led owner [[John W. Henry]] to reconsider the construction of a new stadium.]]
Plans to replace Anfield were originally started by Liverpool F.C. in May 2002.<ref name="BBCSport1">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/1992484.stm |title=Liverpool unveil new stadium |work=BBC Sport |date=17 May 2002 |access-date=17 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313170419/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/1992484.stm |archive-date=13 March 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> The proposed capacity was 55,000, but it was later changed to 61,000, with 1,000&nbsp;seats given for segregation between home and away fans. Several attempts were made between 2003 and 2007 by the [[Liverpool City Council]] to instigate a [[groundshare]] of the proposed stadium with local rivals Everton, but this move was rejected, as neither club favoured it.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/6503097.stm |title=Liverpool get groundshare request |work=BBC Sport |date=28 March 2007 |access-date=11 November 2008}}</ref> On 30 July 2004 Liverpool was granted planning permission to build a new stadium {{convert|300|yd|m}} away from Anfield at Stanley Park.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/reds-stadium-gets-go-ahead-3542660 |title=Reds stadium gets go-ahead |first=Mike |last=Hornby |work=Liverpool Echo |date=31 July 2004 |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref> On 8 September 2006 Liverpool City Council agreed to grant Liverpool F.C. a [[999-year lease]] of the land on the proposed site.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/5327426.stm |title=Liverpool get go-ahead on stadium |work=BBC Sport |date=8 September 2006 |access-date=8 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310175904/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/5327426.stm |archive-date=10 March 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Following the takeover of Liverpool F.C. on 6 February 2007 by [[George N. Gillett, Jr.|George Gillett]] and [[Tom Hicks]], the proposed stadium was redesigned. In November 2007 the redesigned layout was approved by the council, and construction was due to start in early 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/news/drilldown/N157603071106-1818.htm |title=New stadium gets the green light |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |access-date=17 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071216094901/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/news/drilldown/N157603071106-1818.htm |archive-date=16 December 2007}}</ref> The new stadium, provisionally called [[Stanley Park Stadium]], was to be built by [[HKS, Inc.]] It was scheduled to open in August 2011 with a capacity of 60,000.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/7081610.stm |title=Liverpool's stadium move granted |publisher=BBC |date=11 June 2007 |access-date=17 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071108211559/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/7081610.stm |archive-date=8 November 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> If the new stadium had been built, Anfield would have been demolished. The land would have become home to the centrepiece for the Anfield Plaza development, which would have included a hotel, restaurants, and offices.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/public-park-plan-anfield-turf-3550822 |first=Mike |last=Hookham |work=Liverpool Echo |title=Public park plan for Anfield turf |date=23 October 2003 |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref> However, the construction of Stanley Park was delayed following the [[economic crisis of 2008]] and the subsequent [[recession]], which directly affected the then American owners. The situation was worsened because the club was bought with [[bank loan|borrowed money]], not the owners' [[Financial capital|capital]], and interest rates were higher than expected.<ref name= HicksCreditCrunch>{{cite news |title=Hicks hit by credit crunch |first=Tony |last=Barrett |work=Liverpool Echo |date=15 May 2008 |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-fc/liverpool-fc-news/2008/05/15/liverpool-fc-co-owner-tom-hicks-hit-by-credit-crunch-blow-100252-20914232/ |access-date=18 May 2008}}</ref> Hicks and Gillett promised to begin work on the stadium within 60&nbsp;days of acquisition of the club, but had trouble financing the estimated £500&nbsp;million needed for the Stanley Park development. The deadline passed and the plan was eventually cancelled by the Fenway Sports Group, as their preference was to re-develop Anfield.<ref name="Redevelop"/>
===Anfield redevelopment===
The acquisition of Liverpool F.C. by [[Fenway Sports Group]] in October 2010 put into question whether Liverpool would leave Anfield. In February 2011 the new club owner, [[John W. Henry]], stated he had a preference for staying at Anfield and expanding the capacity. After attending a number of games at Anfield, Henry stated that "the Kop is unrivalled", adding "it would be hard to replicate that feeling anywhere else".<ref name="Redevelop">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/9387492.stm |work=BBC Sport |title=Henry hints at revamping Anfield |date=4 February 2011 |access-date=23 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408081900/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/9387492.stm |archive-date=8 April 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>
On 15 October 2012, Liverpool City Council announced plans to regenerate the Anfield area after securing a £25m grant, with a housing association also set to invest.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11669/8166706/Ian-Ayre-says-Anfield-redevelopment-will-enhance-Liverpool-s-transfer-budget |title=Ian Ayre says Anfield redevelopment will enhance Liverpool's transfer budget |work=Sky Sports |date=16 October 2012 |access-date=26 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11669/8166137/Liverpool-confirm-plans-to-remain-at-Anfield |title=Liverpool confirm plans to remain at Anfield |agency=Sky Sports |date=15 October 2012 |access-date=26 November 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Main Stand expansion, Anfield, Liverpool (geograph 4920674) (cropped).jpg|thumb|The Main Stand redevelopment in March 2016]]
On 23 August 2013 Anfield was listed as an Asset of Community Value by Liverpool City Council.<ref>{{cite news |title=Anfield Listed As Asset of Community Value |work=fcbusiness Magazine |date=27 August 2013 |url=http://www.fcbusiness.co.uk/news/article/newsitem=2631/title=anfield+listed+as+asset+of+community+value |access-date=27 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830195612/http://fcbusiness.co.uk/news/article/newsitem%3D2631/title%3Danfield+listed+as+asset+of+community+value |archive-date=30 August 2013  }}</ref> On 11 September, current owner, John W. Henry announced that they had the funds to afford the expansion but they are waiting for the City Council to finalise the purchase of houses in the area before they commit to plans to expand the Main Stand and the Anfield Road end of the ground.<ref>{{cite news |title=John W Henry: Liverpool can afford Anfield expansion |work=The Express |date=11 September 2013 |url=http://www.express.co.uk/sport/football/428454/John-W-Henry-Liverpool-can-afford-Anfield-expansion |access-date=21 September 2013}}</ref>
In April 2014 Liverpool F.C. signed a legal agreement with Liverpool City Council and Your Housing Group to redevelop the surrounding Anfield area. This was seen as a significant step towards the renovation of the stadium. The redevelopment was worth around £260&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Liverpool sign heads of terms on road to Anfield stadium redevelopment |first=Andy |last=Hunter |work=The Guardian |date=17 April 2014 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/apr/17/liverpool-heads-of-terms-anfield-stadium-redevelopment |access-date=18 April 2014}}</ref>
====Phase one (2015–16): Main Stand redevelopment====
In April 2014, Liverpool F.C. revealed plans for an expansion of the Main Stand, which involved adding a new third tier, new matchday facilities and enhanced corporate facilities. The new stand would add 8,500 seats and take the capacity of the stadium to 54,742.<ref name=vision>{{cite web |title=LFC reveal stadium expansion vision |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/latest-news/161747-lfc-reveal-stadium-expansion-vision |website=liverpoolfc.com |access-date=1 August 2014 |date=23 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bascombe |first1=Chris |title=This is Anfield 2016 – Liverpool unveil stadium redesign |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/liverpool/10782896/This-is-Anfield-2016-Liverpool-unveil-stadium-redesign.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/liverpool/10782896/This-is-Anfield-2016-Liverpool-unveil-stadium-redesign.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=1 August 2014 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=23 April 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Construction of the new Main Stand was made possible by the complete demolition of all the houses in Lothair Road as well as some of those on neighbouring Alroy Road and Anfield Road.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2013-05-06 |title=Anfield: the victims, the anger and Liverpool's shameful truth {{!}} David Conn |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/david-conn-inside-sport-blog/2013/may/06/anfield-liverpool-david-conn |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Liverpool F.C. had started to purchase housing immediately surrounding Anfield in 2000.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2014-08-08 |title=Former residents speak out as demolition work begins to make way for |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news/former-residents-speak-out-as-demolition-work-begins-to-make-way-for-liverpool-football-club-s-stadium-redevelopment-9652446.html |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> The houses were left empty, including at least 22 in the roads backing onto the main stand, and Liverpool were accused of deliberately allowing the area to become blighted, thus depressing the property prices.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" />
[[File:Anfield Main Stand exterior.jpg|thumb|right|Exterior of the completed Main Stand (pictured from [[Stanley Park, Liverpool|Stanley Park]])]]
Work began on 8 December 2014, with the club aiming for the new stand to be match-ready and operational for the start of the [[2016–17 Premier League|2016–17 season]]. The work was undertaken by [[Carillion]]. The structure of new stand was uniquely constructed around the existing main stand to enable the existing stand to continue to be used at full operational capacity during the 2015–16 season.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hunter |first1=Andy |title=Liverpool defend rise in corporate seats in new £114m Anfield main stand |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/dec/04/liverpool-new-main-stand-anfield-corporate-seats |website=The Guardian |access-date=14 September 2018 |date=4 December 2014}}</ref> Demolition of the existing stand took place in summer 2016, allowing for the construction of the lower tiers of the new stand during the off-season. Consisting of 1.8&nbsp;million bricks and blocks and over 5000 tonnes of steel, the stand was opened on schedule on 9 September 2016 for the first home game of the 2016–17 season, a 4–1 victory over [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]. Further internal construction work including new changing rooms and media facilities continued until April 2017.<ref>{{cite web |title=LFC SUPPORTERS' COMMITTEE MEETING #20 |url=http://assets2.lfcimages.com/uploads/8910__6437__160507scmeeting.pdf |website=Liverpoolfc.com |access-date=14 September 2018 |location=3.7. |page=2 |date=7 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=James |title=Anfield's new dressing rooms unveiled at Merseyside derby |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/anfields-new-dressing-rooms-unveiled-12826740 |website=Liverpool Echo |access-date=14 September 2018 |date=31 March 2017}}</ref>
====New club superstore and matchday experience enhancements (2016–17)====
In May 2016, outline planning permission was granted by Liverpool council for the construction of a new 1,800 sq m club superstore development, situated on Walton Breck Road on the corner of the Kop and the new Main Stand. Construction began in December 2016, with the store opening early in the 2017–18 season.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Weston |first1=Alan |title=Liverpool FC's flagship new club store begins to take shape |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/liverpool-fcs-flagship-new-club-12413289 |website=Liverpool Echo |access-date=14 September 2018 |date=6 January 2017}}</ref> The space between the new store and the stadium was developed into a "fan zone", with new catering outlets and pre-match entertainment.<ref>{{cite news |title=Enjoy pre-match build-up at Anfield's Fan Zones |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/fans/fan-experience/fan-zones |access-date=8 January 2020 |publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}</ref>
====Phase two (2021–24): Anfield Road End redevelopment====
[[File:Anfield Road Stand in May 2024.jpg|thumb|The redeveloped Anfield Road End nearing completion in May 2024]]
The second phase of Anfield's redevelopment was to redevelop the Anfield Road stand. The club received initial outline planning permission in 2014 for the redevelopment, with seating to be increased by 4,825, giving Anfield a total capacity of 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Liverpool's Anfield stadium expansion: Construction to begin on Monday |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-30327242 |website=BBC News Online |publisher=British Broadcasting Company |access-date=22 August 2019 |date=4 December 2014}}</ref> However, in August 2019, Liverpool allowed the planning permission associated with the original 2014 designs to lapse, confirming their intention to submit "ambitious new plans" for the Anfield Road End redevelopment which are believed to increase the capacity further to take the overall capacity of Anfield to comfortably above 60,000.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doyle |first1=Ian |title=Liverpool announce new Anfield Road end plan with stadium development set for next step |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/liverpool-announce-new-anfield-road-16798153 |access-date=22 August 2019 |work=Liverpool Echo |date=22 August 2019}}</ref> The redevelopment focused on the upper tier of the stand, with the lower tier remaining unchanged. Construction work will be completed behind the existing stand and then connected to the lower tier, which was expected to be in the 2022 off-season. Therefore, Anfield's capacity is not expected to be affected throughout the duration of the works.<ref>[https://theathletic.co.uk/1592389/2020/02/12/anfield-liverpool-stadium-redevelopment-2022/ “Liverpool unveil new plans for £60m Anfield redevelopment to boost capacity to 61,000 in 2022”]. ''The Athletic''. Retrieved 14 February 2020</ref>
The club spent the second half of 2019 finalising plans and consulting local residents, planning officials and other stakeholders with a view to submitting the new plans for approval in early 2020.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reds reaffirm Anfield Road commitment |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/361704-liverpool-fc-statement-anfield-road-stand-redevelopment |website=Liverpool F.C.|date=22 August 2019 |access-date=22 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Residents invited to consult on proposed Anfield Road expansion |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/373905-residents-invited-to-consultation-on-proposed-anfield-road-expansion |website=Liverpool F.C |date=21 November 2019 |access-date=21 November 2019}}</ref> However, in March 2020 Liverpool delayed submitting a planning application for the project in light of financial uncertainty caused by the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Media|first=P. A.|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/feb/12/liverpool-aim-to-start-60m-anfield-road-redevelopment-this-year-completion-summer-2022|title=Liverpool aim to start £60m Anfield Road redevelopment this year|date=2020-02-12|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-02-12|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-11-30|title=Liverpool push on with plans for £60m Anfield Road expansion|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/anfield-stadium-expansion-latest-b1763967.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/anfield-stadium-expansion-latest-b1763967.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=2020-11-30|website=The Independent|language=en}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In December 2020, Liverpool announced that they would be moving forward with the project by submitting final planning application for the redevelopment, with the delay pushing back the initial completion date for Phase Two redevelopment from summer 2022 to summer 2023 at the earliest.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Doyle|first=Ian|date=2020-11-30|title=Liverpool give major update on £60m Anfield expansion plans|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/liverpool-give-major-update-60m-19371279|access-date=2020-11-30|website=Liverpool Echo|language=en}}</ref> The plans were approved by the [[Liverpool City Council]] in June 2021. The expansion was expected to cost £60&nbsp;million and allowed Anfield Road stand to seat 7,000 more people, giving the stadium a total capacity of 61,000.<ref>{{cite news |title=Liverpool given green light to increase Anfield capacity to 61,000 |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11669/12333093/liverpool-given-green-light-to-increase-anfield-capacity-to-61-000 |access-date=22 September 2021 |work=Sky Sports |date=16 June 2021}}</ref>
Work by contractor [[Buckingham Group]] officially commenced on 30 September 2021, with [[Groundbreaking|the first sod]] being turned by manager [[Jürgen Klopp]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/445207-lfc-holds-ground-breaking-ceremony-for-anfield-road-stand-expansion |title=LFC holds ground-breaking ceremony for Anfield Road Stand expansion |publisher=Liverpool FC |date=30 September 2021 |access-date=30 September 2021}}</ref> The stand was expected to be completed during the [[2023–24 Premier League|2023–24 season]] and will also see the relocation of the Family Park to a covered position.<ref name="expansion">{{cite news |date=27 October 2021 |title=LFC holds ground-breaking ceremony for Anfield Road Stand expansion |work=Liverpool FC |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/amp/news/announcements/445207-lfc-holds-ground-breaking-ceremony-for-anfield-road-stand-expansion}}</ref> However, on 17 August 2023, Buckingham announced it would be filing for administration, jeopardising timely completion of the new £80 million stand.<ref name="Hunter-17Aug2023">{{cite news |last1=Hunter |first1=Andy |title=Firm building Liverpool's Anfield Road stand files for administration |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/aug/17/liverpool-anfield-road-stand-administration-buckingham |access-date=5 September 2023 |work=Guardian |date=17 August 2023}}</ref><ref name="BBC-17Aug2023">{{cite news |title=Buckingham Group construction company on brink of collapse |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-66532733 |access-date=5 September 2023 |work=BBC News |date=17 August 2023}}</ref> On 7 September 2023, the club took control of the project, appointing Rayner Rowen Construction to complete the stand using as many of the original subcontractors as possible.<ref name="Prior-08Sep2023">{{cite news |last1=Prior |first1=Grant |title=Liverpool bring on sub for Buckingham on Anfield stand |url=https://www.constructionenquirer.com/2023/09/07/liverpool-bring-on-sub-for-buckingham-on-anfield-stand/ |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=Construction Enquirer |date=8 September 2023}}</ref> In October 2023, Liverpool announced that the upper part of the new developed stand will not be open to the public "until the end of 2023".<ref>{{cite news |title=Billy Hogan provides update for fans on Anfield Road Stand project |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/billy-hogan-provides-update-fans-anfield-road-stand-project |access-date=22 October 2023 |publisher=Liverpool FC}}</ref> On 23 November, the club anticipated half of the new upper tier would be available for a Premier League match against Manchester United on 17 December 2023.<ref name="BBC-23Nov2023">{{cite news |title=Liverpool plan partial opening of new Anfield Road stand upper tier for Manchester United game in December |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/67509317 |access-date=24 November 2023 |work=BBC Sport |date=23 November 2023}}</ref> Much of the stand opened for Liverpool's home Premier League game against [[Burnley F.C.]] on 10 February 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/premier-league/vincent-kompany-not-put-off-as-anfield-set-for-record-crowd-with-new-stand/a1091444523.html|title=Vincent Kompany not put off as Anfield set for record crowd with new stand|date=10 February 2024|website=[[Independent.ie]] |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
==Other uses==
===International football and Liverpool FC Women===
Anfield has hosted numerous international matches, and was one of the venues used during [[UEFA Euro 1996]]; the ground hosted three group games and a quarter-final.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/96e-f.html |title=Euro 1996 |publisher=Rec. Sport. Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF) |date=7 December 2001 |access-date=20 May 2011 |first=Bojan |last=Puric}}</ref> The first international match hosted at Anfield was between [[England national football team|England]] and [[Ireland national football team (1882–1950)|Ireland]], in 1889. England won the match 6–1. Anfield was also the home venue for several of England's international football matches in the early 1900s, and for the [[Wales national football team|Welsh national team]] in the later part of that century.<ref name="Kelly 118">Kelly (1988). p. 118.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wal-intres.html |title=International matches of Wales |publisher=Rec. Sport. Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF) |date=16 May 2008 |access-date=26 June 2011 |first=Jostein |last=Nygård}}</ref> Anfield has also played host to five FA Cup semi-finals, the last of which was in 1929.<ref name="Kelly 118" /> The most recent international to be hosted at Anfield was England's 2–1 victory over [[Uruguay national football team|Uruguay]] on 1 March 2006.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/4754630.stm |title=England 2–1 Uruguay |work=BBC Sport |date=1 March 2006 |access-date=21 May 2011}}</ref> The close proximity of the stands to the pitch prevents the club from extending the pitch to suit UEFA's parameter requirements; since 2006, the stadium has been ineligible to host England games, Champions League and Europa League finals, and UEFA tournaments ([[UEFA Euro 2028]]).<ref>{{cite news |title=Euro 2028 stadiums: Why Anfield and Old Trafford will not host any games |url=https://www.givemesport.com/euro-2028-stadiums-the-bizarre-reason-anfield-has-been-banned-from-hosting/ |work=Give Me Sport|access-date=13 October 2023 |date=10 October 2023}}</ref>
England has played two testimonial matches against Liverpool at Anfield. The first was in 1983, when England faced Liverpool for [[Phil Thompson]]'s testimonial. Then, in 1988, England visited again for [[Alan Hansen]]'s testimonial.<ref>Moynihan (2008). p. 59.</ref> Liverpool's [[Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry|arch rival]] [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] played their first home game of the [[1971–72 Manchester United F.C. season|1971–72]] season at Anfield as they were banned from playing their first two home league matches at [[Old Trafford]] after an incident of hooliganism. United beat [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2010/mar/17/manchester-united-home-anfield-1971 |title=The forgotten story of ... When Anfield was Manchester United's home ground |last1=Roughley |first1=Gregg |date=17 March 2010 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref>
In November 2019, Anfield hosted a [[FA Women's Super League|Women's Super League]] fixture for the first time, with the 6th matchday of the [[2019–20 FA WSL|2019–20 season]] featuring the Merseyside Derby between [[Liverpool F.C. Women|Liverpool FC Women]] and local rivals [[Everton F.C. (Women)|Everton FC Women]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/women/369869-liverpool-fc-women-to-play-everton-at-anfield|title=Anfield to host women's league game for first time|website=Liverpool FC|date=24 October 2019 |access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref> On 25 September 2022, Anfield played host to second Merseyside Derby between two women's first teams in the Women's Super League. Played before a record attendance of 27,574 for a Liverpool game for their women’s first team, it was also the first women's Merseyside Derby to be televised. This attendance would go on to become the 7th highest attendance of the [[2022–23 Women's Super League|2022–23]] season.<ref>{{cite news|last= Sanders|first= Emma|title= Liverpool 0-3 Everton: Blues spoil rivals' Anfield WSL return|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/62944369 |publisher= BBC Sport|access-date=25 September 2022}}</ref> On 22 August 2023, it was announced that Anfield would host a third women's Merseyside Derby on 15 October 2023.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kelly|first=Andy|title=Anfield to host LFC Women's Merseyside derby clash with Everton|date=August 2023 |url= https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/anfield-host-lfc-womens-merseyside-derby-clash-everton|publisher= Liverpool Football Club Official|access-date=22 August 2023}}</ref>
===Rugby league===
[[File:London Broncos 2019 Magic Weekend.jpg|thumb|[[London Broncos]] kicking off at Anfield during [[Magic Weekend]] 2019]]
The stadium has hosted five [[rugby league]] matches: the 1989 [[Rugby League Charity Shield (Great Britain)|Charity Shield]] between [[Widnes Vikings|Widnes]] and [[Wigan Warriors|Wigan]];<ref>{{cite news|title=Four Nations 2016: Liverpool FC's Anfield to host final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/36109359|access-date=22 April 2016|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=22 April 2016}}</ref> the [[1991 World Club Challenge]] between Wigan, winners of the [[Rugby Football League Championship|RFL Championship]], and [[Penrith Panthers]], winners of the Australian [[New South Wales Rugby League premiership|NSWRL Premiership]], with an attendance of 20,152;<ref name="four-nations">{{cite news |title=RFL confirms Four Nations final to be staged at Anfield for first time |first=Aaron |last=Bower |work=The Guardian |date=22 April 2016 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/apr/22/rfl-four-nations-final-anfield |access-date=22 April 2016}}</ref> a 1997 [[St Helens R.F.C.|St. Helens]] [[Super League II|Super League]] home game against [[Castleford Tigers]], with an attendance of 12,329;<ref name="four-nations" />  and the [[2016 Rugby League Four Nations Final]], in front of 40,042 people.<ref name="four-nations" />
Anfield was chosen as the venue for the [[Magic Weekend#2019: Liverpool|2019 Magic Weekend]] after two test matches were played there in 2016 and 2018. After previously choosing games that were local derbies or competitive games, in 2019 the fixtures were determined by the previous seasons league position. Robert Elstone, Super League Chief Executive, said “On behalf of the Super League clubs, we’re delighted to be taking the Dacia Magic Weekend to one of the most famous stadiums in the world.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.rugby-league.com/article/53998/mersey-magic-as-super-league-heads-to-anfield |publisher= rugby league.co.uk |title= Magic Weekend heads to Liverpool |author= rugby league |access-date= 13 November 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060639/http://www.rugby-league.com/article/53998/mersey-magic-as-super-league-heads-to-anfield |archive-date= 14 November 2018 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
===Other sports===
Anfield has been the venue for many other events. During the mid-twenties, Anfield was the finishing line for the city [[marathon]]. Liverpool held an annual race which started from St George's plateau in the city centre and finished with a lap of Anfield.<ref name="Kelly 118" /> [[Boxing]] matches were regularly held at Anfield during the inter-war years, including a number of British boxing championships; on 12 June 1934 [[Nel Tarleton]] beat [[Freddie Miller (boxer)|Freddie Miller]] for the [[List of featherweight boxing champions|World Featherweight title]]. Professional tennis was played at Anfield on boards on the pitch. [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]] champion, [[Bill Tilden]], and [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]] champion, [[Fred Perry]], entertained the crowds in an exhibition match. In 1958, an exhibition basketball match featuring the [[Harlem Globetrotters]] was held at the ground.<ref>Inglis (1983). p. 209.</ref>
===Non sporting events===
Aside from sporting uses, Anfield has been a venue for musicians of different genres as well as evangelical preachers. One week in July 1984, the American [[Evangelism|evangelist]] [[Billy Graham]] preached at Anfield, attracting crowds of over 30,000 each night.<ref name="Kelly 118" /> Anfield was featured in Liverpool's 2008 [[European Capital of Culture]] celebrations: 36,000 people attended a concert on 1 June 2008, featuring [[The Zutons]], [[Kaiser Chiefs]], and [[Paul McCartney]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/2063298/Sir-Paul-McCartney-rocks-Anfield-stadium.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/2063298/Sir-Paul-McCartney-rocks-Anfield-stadium.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |first=Gilian |last=Reynolds |title=Sir Paul McCartney rocks Anfield stadium |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=2 June 2008 |access-date=23 July 2009 |location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Live concerts made a return to Anfield in the Summer of 2019, with [[Take That]], [[Bon Jovi]] and [[Pink (singer)|Pink]] performing. Take That lead singer [[Gary Barlow]], a Liverpool fan, brought out a guest vocalist, [[Gerry Marsden]], and they sang the club's anthem “[[You'll Never Walk Alone]]”.<ref>{{cite news |title=Take That and Gerry Marsden bring Anfield to a standstill with heartwarming You'll Never Walk Alone |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/whats-on/music-nightlife-news/take-that-anfield-special-ynwa-16391813 |access-date=15 July 2019 |work=Liverpool Echo}}</ref> Artists who played at the stadium in Summer 2022 include [[Elton John]], [[The Rolling Stones]], and [[Eagles (band)|The Eagles]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Elton John to bring Farewell Yellow Brick Road tour to Anfield in 2022 |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/436727-elton-john-to-bring-farewell-yellow-brick-road-tour-to-anfield-in-2022 |access-date=29 October 2021 |agency=Liverpool F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Eagles to land at Anfield to celebrate 50 years |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/announcements/447728-the-eagles-to-land-at-anfield-to-celebrate-50-years |access-date=29 October 2021 |agency=Liverpool F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Rolling Stones announce new 2022 summer tour - how to get tickets to the big Liverpool show at Anfield |url=https://www.liverpoolworld.uk/whats-on/rolling-stones-announce-new-2022-summer-tour-how-to-get-tickets-to-the-big-liverpool-show-at-anfield-3609530 |access-date=14 March 2022 |agency=JPIMedia Publishing Ltd}}</ref> [[Taylor Swift]] played three consecutive dates at the stadium, featuring [[Paramore]] as special guests, from 13 to 15 June 2024 as part of her [[Eras Tour]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Taylor Swift {{!}} The Eras Tour third show added to Anfield concerts next summer |work=Liverpool F.C. |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/taylor-swift-eras-tour-third-show-added-anfield-concerts-next-summer |access-date=6 July 2023}}</ref>
==Records==
[[File:Anfield attendance from 1946 to 2007.png|thumb|The average attendance at Anfield from 1946–2007|alt=graph showing troughs and peaks of attendance at Anfield]]
The highest sporting attendance recorded at Anfield is 61,905, for Liverpool's match against [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]] in the FA Cup fifth round, on 2 February 1952.<ref name="Anfield">{{cite web |url=http://www.lfchistory.net/Articles/Article/47? |title=Anfield |publisher=LFC History |access-date=18 February 2008}}</ref> Since the Anfield Road end was expanded, Liverpool have seen bigger league attendances, and their most recent was 60,347 against [[AFC Bournemouth|Bournemouth]] on 21 September 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liverpool 3-0 AFC Bournemouth |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c0m0zpw0vdxt |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> The highest non-sporting attendance at Anfield was recorded during a Taylor Swift concert in June 2024 with over 62,000 in attendance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Taylor Swift announces she's broken Liverpool FC record at first Anfield show - Liverpool.com |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/taylor-swift-anfield-attendance-record-29351938 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=www.liverpool.com}}</ref> The lowest attendance recorded at Anfield was 1,000 for a match against [[Loughborough F.C.|Loughborough]] on 7 December 1895.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/history/records/attendances |title=LFC Records |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |access-date=18 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117145912/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/history/records/attendances |archive-date=17 January 2010  }}</ref> The highest average attendance of 53,112 was set for the [[2016–17 Liverpool F.C. season|2016–17]] season.<ref name="timeline" />
Liverpool did not lose a league match at Anfield during the [[1893–94 in English football|1893–94]], [[1970–71 in English football|1970–71]], [[1976–77 in English football|1976–77]], [[1978–79 in English football|1978–79]], [[1979–80 in English football|1979–80]], [[1987–88 in English football|1987–88]], [[2008–09 in English football|2008–09]], [[2017–18 in English football|2017–18]], [[2018–19 in English football|2018–19]], [[2019–20 in English football|2019–20]] and [[2021–22 in English football|2021–22]] seasons. Liverpool's longest unbeaten streak at home extended from January 1978 to January 1981, a period encompassing 85 games, in which Liverpool scored 212 goals and conceded 35.<ref name="Anfield" /> The club's longest unbeaten home run in the league is 68 games, which occurred from April 2017 to January 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=Burnley bring Liverpool's unbeaten home record to an end |url=https://en.as.com/en/2021/01/21/football/1611268068_669219.html |access-date=3 April 2021 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |archive-date=2 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302150736/https://en.as.com/en/2021/01/21/football/1611268068_669219.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Liverpool's worst losing streak at Anfield is six games in [[2020–21 Liverpool F.C. season|2020–2021]] with games played [[Behind closed doors (sport)|behind closed doors]] during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/blog-the-toe-poke/story/4332624/lets-talk-about-six-liverpool-fall-to-another-home-defeat |title=Let's Talk About Six |date=8 March 2021 |publisher=ESPN |access-date=3 April 2021}}</ref> The most consecutive league wins at Anfield is 24, this is the [[Football records and statistics in England#Wins|longest run in English top-flight history]]. It was accomplished across the 2018–19 and [[2019–20 Liverpool F.C. season|2019–20 season]]s.<ref>{{cite news |title=Liverpool 4–0 Crystal Palace |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51884264 |date=24 June 2020 |access-date=29 June 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref>
==Transport==
The stadium is about {{convert|2|mi|km|0}} from [[Liverpool Lime Street railway station|Lime Street Station]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/travel/getting-to-anfield |title=Getting to Anfield |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |access-date=3 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629214441/http://www.liverpoolfc.tv/travel/getting-to-anfield |archive-date=29 June 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> which lies on a branch of the [[West Coast Main Line]] from [[Euston railway station|London Euston]]. [[Kirkdale railway station|Kirkdale Station]], about {{convert|1|mi|km}} from the stadium, is the nearest station to Anfield. Fans travelling by train for matches may book direct to Anfield or Goodison Park, changing to the Peoplesbus Soccerbus service at [[Sandhills railway station|Sandhills Station]] on the [[Merseyrail]] [[Northern Line (Merseyrail)|Northern Line]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merseytravel.gov.uk/travelling-around/route-maps/Pages/Soccerbus.aspx |title=Soccerbus |publisher=Merseytravel |access-date=4 February 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205152343/http://www.merseytravel.gov.uk/travelling-around/route-maps/pages/soccerbus.aspx |archive-date=5 February 2016  }}</ref> The stadium has no parking facilities for supporters, and the streets around the ground allow parking only for residents with permits, although there are a small number of passes that can be allocated to over-65s. There are proposals under consideration for reinstating passenger traffic on the [[Canada Dock Branch|Bootle Branch]], which would cut the distance from the nearest railway station to about {{convert|0.5|mi|km|0}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/merseyside/appendices/appendix%20b%20-%20%20baseline%20information/09%20-%20opportunities%20and%20challenges.pdf |title=Opportunities and Challenges |publisher=Network Rail |page=11 |access-date=3 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119104346/http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/merseyside/appendices/appendix%20b%20-%20%20baseline%20information/09%20-%20opportunities%20and%20challenges.pdf |archive-date=19 January 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==See also==
* [[The Liverpool Sound]]
* [[Lists of stadiums]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |first=Duncan |last=Adams |url=http://www.footballgroundguide.com/liverpool/ |title=A Fan's Guide to Football Grounds: England and Wales |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Hersham |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7110-3268-2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120022605/http://www.footballgroundguide.com/liverpool/ |archive-date=20 November 2008  }}
* {{cite book |last=Graham |first=Matthew |title=Liverpool |year=1984 |publisher=Hamlyn Publishing |location=Twickenham |isbn=0-600-50254-6}}
* {{cite book |author=Inglis, Simon |title=The Football Grounds of England and Wales |publisher=Willow |location=Beverley |year=1983 |isbn=0-00-218024-3 |author-link=Simon Inglis}}
* {{cite book |last=Kelly |first=Stephen F. |title=You'll Never Walk Alone |year=1988 |publisher=Queen Anne Press |location=London |isbn=0-356-19594-5 |author-link=Stephen F. Kelly}}
* {{cite book |last=Liversedge |first=Stan |title=Liverpool The Official Centenary History |year=1991 |publisher=Hamlyn Publishing |location=London |isbn=0-600-57308-7}}
* {{cite book |last=Moynihan |first=Leo |title=The Liverpool Miscellany |year=2008 |publisher=Vision Sports Publishing |location=London |isbn=978-1-905326-46-4}}
* {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Tommy |title=Anfield Iron |year=2008 |publisher=Bantam Press |location=London |isbn=978-0-593-05958-6}}
==External links==
{{Commons category}}{{WikidataCoord}}{{Spoken Wikipedia|Anfield (spoken version).ogg|date=2013-02-14}}
{{commons category-inline|Anfield (stadium)|Anfield Stadium}}
* [https://www.liverpoolfc.com/info/anfield Anfield] at [https://www.liverpoolfc.com/ LiverpoolFC.com]
* [https://www.footballgroundguide.com/leagues/england/premier-league/anfield-liverpool.html Football Ground Guide page]
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[[Category:Liverpool F.C.]]
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[[Category:Tourist attractions in Liverpool]]
[[Category:Everton F.C.]]
[[Category:Fenway Sports Group]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 1884]]
[[Category:1884 establishments in England]]