View source for Anselm IV (archbishop of Milan)

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
[[File:0054 - Milano - Sant'Ambrogio - Lapide all'ingresso - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto 25-Apr-2007.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Medieval plaque (year 1098) above the entrance to the Atrium of [[Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio|Sant'Ambrogio basilica]] in Milan, citing Archbishop Anselm.]]
'''Anselm IV''' (also ''Anselm of Buis'', [[Italian language|Italian]]: ''Anselmo da Bovisio'') was the [[Archbishop of Milan]] from 3 November 1097 to his death on 30 September 1101. He was a close friend of [[Pope Urban II]] and prominent in the [[Crusade of 1101]], whose [[Lombards|Lombard]] contingent he led and on which he died.
According to [[Galvano Fiamma]], he was born in [[Bovisio-Masciago|Bovisio]], the son of a ''[[valvassor]]''. He entered the monastery of S. Lorenzo and was then elected, in 1097, [[bishop of Brescia]]. [[Milan]] was threatening to fall into a schism again when he was elected to bring peace. He had never, however, taken [[holy orders]] before his consecration on 3 November.
Under were corrected the irregularities of the past decades at a synod held from 5–7 April 1098. He affirmed the excommunication of imperial-appointed bishops and condemned [[simony]]. He accepted the acts of [[Anselm III, Archbishop of Milan|Anselm III]], but not those of [[Tedald, Archbishop of Milan|Tedald]].
He was recruited by [[Pope Paschal II]], Urban's successor, to lead the crusade being proclaimed in response to the success of the [[First Crusade]]. He preached the crusade throughout [[Lombardy]], where there had been little enthusiasm for the first one, but where his influence sparked a wave of zeal: crowds greeted him chanting "Ultreja! Ultreja!" On 15 July 1100, he celebrated the anniversary of the [[Siege of Jerusalem (1099)|fall of Jerusalem]] in Milan. He appointed one [[Grossolano]], then [[bishop of Savona]], to act as his [[vicar]] and, on 13 September, with bishops [[Guy, Bishop of Tortona|Guy of Tortona]], [[William, Bishop of Pavia|William of Pavia]], and probably [[Aldo, Bishop of Piacenza|Aldo of Piacenza]], he left with a company reported at the exaggerated figure of 50,000 men, led by [[Albert, Count of Biandrate]], and his nephew [[Otto Altaspata]]. [[Albert, Count of Parma]], the brother of the [[Antipope Guibert]], was there as a representative of the resolution of the church-state conflicts which enveloped Lombardy in the final decades of the eleventh century.
The army proceeded by land through [[Duchy of Carinthia|Carinthia]], with the permission of [[Henry V, Duke of Carinthia|Duke Henry V]], and then through [[Bulgaria]] without incident, relying on Anselm's negotiations with [[Alexius I Comnenus]], [[Byzantine emperor]], to assure them of markets and supplies. At [[Constantinople]], rioting broke out, but he and Albert quelled it with ease and he refused the rich gifts offered by the emperor, who ferried the soldiery across the [[Bosphorus]]. At [[Nicomedia]], in [[Asia Minor]], he met [[Raymond IV of Toulouse]], one of the leading barons of the capture of Jerusalem. Guided by Raymond, the army marched through [[Anatolia]], skirmishing with the [[Seljuq dynasty|Turks]] at [[Kastamonu]] and between [[Merzifon]] and [[Amasya]]. These initial confrontations were successes for the Lombards. Anselm fought in these engagements and received wounds which he went to Constantinople to nurse. There he died and was buried. News of his death did not reach Milan until 1102. He was succeeded by Grossolano.
==Sources==
*Landolfo Iuniore di San Paolo. ''Historia Mediolanensis''.
*Ghisalberti, Alberto M. ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: III Ammirato &ndash; Arcoleo''. Rome, 1961.
{{Bishops and Archbishops of Milan}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan}}
[[Category:1101 deaths]]
[[Category:Bishops of Brescia]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Milan]]
[[Category:Christians of the Crusade of 1101]]
[[Category:11th-century Italian Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]