View source for Anystis

{{Short description|Genus of mites}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Cretaceous|present}}
| name = ''Anystis''
| image =Anystis baccarum.jpg
| image_caption = ''Anystis baccarum''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Arachnid]]a
| subclassis = [[Acari]]
| ordo = [[Trombidiformes]]
| familia = [[Anystidae]]
| genus = '''''Anystis'''''
| genus_authority = von Heyden, 1826
}}
'''''Anystis''''' (whirligig mites) is a [[genus]] of [[Mite|mites]]. They are predatory on other mites and small insects. Species in this genus are often red, long-legged, and range in size from 500[[Micrometre|μm]] – 1500μm.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Smith Meyer |first1=M. K. P. |last2=Ueckermann |first2=E. A. |date=1987 |title=A taxonomic study of some Anystidae (Acari: Prostigmata) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236014912 |journal=Entomology Memoir |volume=68 |pages=1–37}} </ref> Both the genus and the family [[Anystidae]] are referred to as whirligig mites.
== Identification ==
Members of the genus have broad and short bodies (almost [[Trapezoid|trapezoidal]]) with two pairs of eyes. They have a prodorsal shield – the large covering on the anterior of the body – which is indented posteriorly (kidney-shaped). Two pairs of eyes are located posteriorly and laterally to the prodorsal shield. From the shield arise two long pairs of hair-like [[Seta|setae]] and a pair of similarly shaped sensory organs ([[Sensillum|sensilla]]). Another pair of sensilla are found on the anterior portion of the mite's main body, the idiosoma. The [[chelicerae]], specialized mouthparts, each have a pair of hook-shaped chela on the distal portion and a pair of setae as well. The tarsus, the last segment of the leg, ends in two claws (which may be (combed, toothed or pilose) and has a claw- or bell-like empodium (a structure between the claws).<ref name=":0" />
== Agricultural use ==
The species ''[[Anystis baccarum]]'' has been used as a form of [[biological pest control]] in [[apple]] orchards<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Cuthbertson|first1=Andrew G. S.|last2=Qiu|first2=Bao-Li|last3=Murchie|first3=Archie K.|date=2014-07-24|title=Anystis baccarum: An Important Generalist Predatory Mite to be Considered in Apple Orchard Pest Management Strategies|journal=Insects|volume=5|issue=3|pages=615–628|doi=10.3390/insects5030615|issn=2075-4450|pmc=4592577|pmid=26462829|doi-access=free}}</ref> due to their predation of ''[[Panonychus ulmi]],'' a mite species that causes massive economic loss in apple trees.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Mason|first1=Peter G.|title=Biological Control Programmes in Canada, 1981-2000|last2=Huber|first2=J. T.|publisher=CABI|year=2001|isbn=1845933214|pages=213|language=English}}</ref> Though ''A. baccarum'' is the most well known and exemplary member of the genus, it is unknown if other species may be able to fill a similar role to it in terms of pest control.
== Species ==
Species include:<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304223402/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=91695 ''Anystis''.] Fauna Europaea.</ref>
*''[[Anystis agilis]]''
*''[[Anystis andrei]]''
*''[[Anystis baccarum]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Filimonova SA |year=2008 |title=The fine structure of the midgut in the mite ''Anystis baccarum'' (L.) (Acari, Actinedida: Anystidae) |journal=Arthropod Structure & Development |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.asd.2007.11.005 |pmid=18396461}}</ref>
*''[[Anystis berlesi]]''
*''[[Anystis borussica]]''
*''[[Anystis coccinea]]''
*''[[Anystis cornigerum]]''
*''[[Anystis cursorium]]''
*''[[Anystis germanica]]''
*''[[Anystis pallescens]]''
*''[[Anystis pini]]''
*''[[Anystis rabuscula]]''
*''[[Anystis salicinus]]''
*''[[Anystis sellnicki]]''
*''[[Anystis triangularis]]''
*''[[Anystis vitis]]''
*''[[Anystis voigtsi]]''
*''[[Anystis wallacei]]''<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01647959208683925#preview | doi=10.1080/01647959208683925 | title=A new species of ''Anystisvon'' heyden compared with ''Anystis'' Salicinus(Linnaeus) (Acarina: Anystidae) | year=1992 | last1=Otto | first1=J.C. | journal=International Journal of Acarology | volume=18 | pages=25–35 }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Anystis|''Anystis''}}
*[https://bugguide.net/node/view/94328 Bugguide.net. Genus ''Anystis'' - Whirligig Mites]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4778288}}
[[Category:Trombidiformes genera]]
{{Trombidiformes-stub}}