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{{Infobox settlement
|official_name =Apuolė
|settlement_type=Village
|image_skyline = Apuole10-2009-08-22.jpg
|image_shield  =
|image_caption = Medieval festival in Apuolė
|pushpin_map=  Lithuania
|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Lithuania
|coordinates      = {{coord|56|14|40|N|21|39|20|E|region:LT|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Lithuania}}
|subdivision_type1 =[[Counties of Lithuania|County]]
|subdivision_name1 =[[Image:LTU Klaipėdos apskritis flag.svg|20px]] [[Klaipėda County]]
|subdivision_type2 =[[Municipalities of Lithuania|Municipality]]
|subdivision_name2 =[[Skuodas district municipality]]
|subdivision_type3 =[[Elderships of Lithuania|Eldership]]
|subdivision_name3 =Aleksandrija eldership
|population_as_of = 2011
|population_total = 119
|established_title= First mentioned
|established_date = 854
|timezone =[[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset = +2
|timezone_DST =  [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +3
}}
'''Apuolė''' is a historic village in [[Skuodas district municipality]], [[Lithuania]]. It is situated some {{convert|8|km}} east of [[Skuodas]] by the {{ill|Luoba River|lt|Luoba (upė)}}.<ref name=el/> It had a population of 132 according to the 2001 census<ref name=census/> and 119 according to the 2011 census.<ref name=census2011/>
The [[Apuolė hillfort]] is located by the village. Having survived a viking attack in 854, Apuolė is the oldest Lithuanian settlement mentioned in written sources. Since 2004, the attack is commemorated by an annual [[medieval reenactment]] Apuolė 854.
==History==
[[File:Apuolėspiliakalnis6.JPG|thumb|left|Apuolė mound]]
{{main|Apuolė hillfort}}
Apuolė was an important [[hill fort]] of the [[Curonians]], one of the [[Baltic tribes]]. The hill fort is situated at the confluence of the {{ill|Luoba River|lt|Luoba (upė)}} and its tributary, {{ill|Brukis Stream|lt|Brukis}}. Archaeologists dated the wooden fortress to the 1st century AD.<ref name=el/> According to archaeological research, a large village was situated near the hill fort. This would indicate early stages of city development.<ref name=zabie/>
Apuolė was mentioned by [[Rimbert]] in his ''[[Vita Ansgari]]'' in the context early conflicts between the Curonians and [[vikings]] in 854.<ref name=cd/>
Apuolė was mentioned again only in a 1253 treaty between [[Bishop of Riga]] and [[Livonian Order]]. The location was described as uncultivated land.<ref name=el/> The castle was probably destroyed and the villagers moved to safer areas. The settlement was mentioned again in the 17th century. By late 18th century the hill fort attracted attention from historians and archaeologists. The first excavations were carried out by [[Eduards Volters]] and [[Birger Nerman]] in 1928–1932.<ref name=el/>
==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=
<ref name=cd>{{cite book | last1=Butrimas | first1=Adomas | first2=Eugenijus | last2=Jovaiša | first3=Arvydas | last3=Malonaitis | title=Gimtoji istorija. Nuo 7 iki 12 klasės | url=http://mkp.emokykla.lt/gimtoji/ | year=2002 | publisher=Elektroninės leidybos namai | location=Vilnius | isbn=9986-9216-9-4 | chapter=Seniausios rašytinės žinios apie Rytų Pabaltijį | chapter-url=http://mkp.emokykla.lt/gimtoji/?id=732 | language=lt | access-date=2010-07-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303191252/http://mkp.emokykla.lt/gimtoji/ | archive-date=2008-03-03 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name=census>{{cite book |title=Klaipėdos apskrities kaimo gyvenamosios vietovės ir jų gyventojai |url=http://www.stat.gov.lt/uploads/docs/Klaipedos_apskritis.pdf |publisher=Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania |year=2003 |location=Vilnius |page=48 |isbn=9986-589-88-6 |language=lt |access-date=2010-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723081642/http://www.stat.gov.lt/uploads/docs/Klaipedos_apskritis.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name=census2011>{{cite web|title=Gyventojai gyvenamosiose vietovėse |url=http://osp.stat.gov.lt/documents/10180/217110/Gyv_gyvenamosiose_vietovese_atnaujintas_130125.xls/ffda296a-25dd-4285-93f0-36502ea3c64e |date=2013-01-25 |format=Excel |publisher=Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania |access-date=2014-10-29}}</ref>
<ref name=el>{{cite encyclopedia | editor=Simas Sužiedėlis | encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia Lituanica]] | title=Apuolė | year=1970–1978 | publisher=Juozas Kapočius | volume=I | location=Boston, Massachusetts | pages=112–113| lccn=74-114275 }}</ref>
<ref name=zabie>{{cite book |title=Lietuvos medinės pilys |first=Gintautas |last=Zabiela |year=1995 |publisher=Diemedis |location=Vilnius |isbn=9986-23-018-7 |language=lt |page=63}}</ref>
}}
==External links==
{{commonscat-inline|Apuolė}}
{{Klaipeda County}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Apuole}}
[[Category:Villages in Klaipėda County]]
[[Category:Prehistoric Lithuania]]