View source for Bali-og

{{short description|Traditional layered necklaces of various ethnic groups}}
[[File:A Manobo Woman from Bukidnon in Digos City.jpg|thumb|A [[Manobo people|Manobo]] woman from [[Bukidnon]] with a ''ginibang bali-og'']]
[[File:Women in traditional Manobo dress (Kaamulan Festival 2017, Bukidnon, Philippines).jpg|thumb|Dancers in full [[Higaonon people|Higaonon]] traditional attire with ''bali-og'' necklaces during the [[Kaamulan Festival]] of [[Bukidnon]]]]
[[File:Umayamnon traditional women's attire and bali-og and headdress.jpg|thumb|[[Umayamnon people|Umayamnon]] traditional attire with ''bali-og'' necklace and headdress]]
'''Bali-og''', also spelled '''baliog''', are traditional layered [[necklace]]s of various ethnic groups in the islands of [[Visayas]] and [[Mindanao]] in the  [[Philippines]]. They consist of [[choker]]s and necklaces with a fringe of beads and other ornaments. More than one is usually worn, layered over each other. Their elements usually consist of metal or glass beads, hollowed seeds, seashells, [[mother-of-pearl]], and [[copper]] or [[brass]] ornaments.
==Types==
===Lumad===
Among the various [[Lumad|Lumad peoples]] of [[Mindanao]], particularly the inter-related [[Manobo people|Manobo]] groups, ''bali-og'' are bead necklaces composed [[choker]]s and necklaces fastened around the neck. A fringe of more beads and other ornaments (including copper or brass bells, amulets, and shells) are then attached to the lower edge of the chokers. The wearing of beadwork among the various Manobo tribes is culturally very important. The number, colors, and patterns vary by tribe and by status. The largest type of ''bali-og'' is a women's necklace known as ''ginibang''. Its name means "[[monitor lizard]]" due to the resemblance of the patterns to monitor lizard scales.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lumad Beadwork: More than just adorable accessories |url=http://www.pset.org.ph/solidaritours/lumad-beadwork-more-than-just-adorable-accessories/ |website=People’s Solidarity & Education Tours, Inc. |accessdate=11 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bali-og |url=http://audrn.org/museum/showarticle.php?i=136 |website=AUDRN: Asian University Digital Resource Network |accessdate=11 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Artist: Elena Libayao |url=http://kalinawa.com/artist_cat.php?artist_id=111 |website=Kalinawa Art Foundation |accessdate=11 August 2019}}</ref>
===Suludnon===
Among the [[Visayans|Visayan]] [[Suludnon people]] of [[Panay]], ''bali-og'' are similar in construction to Mindanao ''bali-og'' but are instead made from strips of cloth with traditional [[embroidery]] known as ''panubok''. They also have a fringe made of beads attached to coins.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Piccio |first1=Belle |title=Proudly Pinoy: 11 Panay-Bukidnon Native Costumes |url=https://www.choosephilippines.com/specials/buy-local/3399/proudly-pinoy-panay-bukidnon-native-costumes |website=ChoosePhilippines |accessdate=11 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="Hall">{{cite book |last1=Hall |first1=Alton L. |last2=Custodio |first2=Andres |title=Visayan-English Dictionary |date=1911 |publisher=A.H. Hall |url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/ADB1552.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext}}</ref>
==Archaeology==
In [[Surigao del Sur]], a similar necklace was found in the "Surigao Hoard" in 1981. It consists of several layered collars with a fringe of successively smaller beads. It is made entirely of gold and has been dated to the 9th to 10th century AD. It has been named the ''tutubi'' ("dragonfly") collar, due to the resemblance of the fringes to dragonfly bodies. It is currently part of the collection of the museum of the [[Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Villegas |first1=Ramon N. |title=Art of a Golden Age |date=1999 |publisher=National Commission for Culture and Arts |isbn=9789719150084 |page=49}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Garcia |first1=Myles A. |title=The Story Behind The Philippine Gold |url=http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/the-story-behind-the-philippine-gold |website=Positively Filipino |accessdate=11 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lapeña |first1=Carmela G. |title=Paris exhibit to showcase pre-colonial Philippine artifacts |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/artandculture/287506/paris-exhibit-to-showcase-pre-colonial-philippine-artifacts/story/ |website=GMA News Online |accessdate=11 August 2019}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Agimat]]
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Category:Necklaces]]
[[Category:Philippine clothing]]
[[Category:Philippine handicrafts]]
[[Category:Visayan culture]]
[[Category:Types of jewellery]]