View source for Biryulka

{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Biryulka
|ru_name=Бирюлька
|image_skyline
|image_caption
|coordinates = {{coord|53|50|21|N|106|23|39|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=top
|federal_subject=[[Irkutsk Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref
|adm_district_jur=[[Kachugsky District]]
|adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATOReference|25 218 807}}</ref>
|inhabloc_cat=Rural locality
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|inhabloc_type=''[[Village#Russia|Selo]]''
|inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
<!----MUNICIPAL STATUS---->
|mun_district_jur=Kachugsky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOKachugskyD_mun">Law #71-oz</ref>
|rural_settlement_jur=Biryulskoye Rural Settlement
|rural_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOKachugskyD_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of=Biryulskoye Rural Settlement
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOKachugskyD_mun" />
<!----STATISTICS---->
|area_of_what
|area_as_of
|area_km2
|area_km2_ref
|pop_2010census=
|pop_2010census_ref=
|pop_latest
|pop_latest_date
|pop_latest_ref
<!----HISTORY---->
|established_date=1668
|established_title
|established_date_ref=<ref name="EstablishedDate">[http://www.kachug-biblioteka.narod.ru/VT_CHAST/anziklopediay.htm Энциклопедия «Качугский район от А до Я»] {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|current_cat_date
|current_cat_date_ref
|prev_name1
|prev_name1_date
|prev_name1_ref
<!----MISCELLANEA---->
|postal_codes=666220
|postal_codes_ref=<ref name="PostCode">[[Russian Post]]. [http://info.russianpost.ru/servlet/department?action=show_info&depID=8032 Biryulka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230854/http://info.russianpost.ru/servlet/department?action=show_info&depID=8032 |date=2016-03-03 }} {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|dialing_codes=39540
|dialing_codes_ref=<ref name="DialingCode">{{Cite web|url=http://www.komandirovka.ru/cities/biryulka_irk._obl./|title=Главная /Россия /Бирюлька, Ирк. обл. /|publisher=komandirovka.ru|accessdate=2009-11-08}}</ref>
|website
|website_ref
}}
{{stack|
{{Infobox bridge
|bridge_name=Ice bridge in the ''selo'' of Biryulka {{lang|ru|Ледовая переправа через Лену в селе Бирюлька}}
|native_name=
|native_name_lang=
|image=
|image_size=
|alt=
|caption=
|official_name=
|other_name=
|carries=[[Automotive]], foot
|crosses=[[Lena River]]
|locale=Biryulka, [[Kachugsky District]], [[Irkutsk Oblast]], [[Russia]]
|maint=
|id=
|designer=
|design=Ice platform<ref name="Ice bridge" />
|material=Ice<ref name="Ice bridge" />
|spans=
|pierswater=0<ref name="Ice bridge" />
|mainspan=
|length=
|width=
|height=
|load=20 tonnes<ref name="Ice bridge" />
|clearance=0<ref name="Ice bridge" />
|below=
|traffic=
|builder=
|begin=
|complete=
|open=Every winter<ref name="Ice bridge" />
|preceded=
|followed=
|heritage=
|collapsed=
|closed=Every spring
|toll=
|map_cue=
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}}
{{Lena River from a source to Kachug|collapse=no}}
}}
'''Biryulka''' ({{langx|ru|Бирю́лька}}) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|rural locality]] (a ''[[village#Russia|selo]]'') in [[Kachugsky District]] of [[Irkutsk Oblast]], [[Russia]], located on the [[Lena River]] near its headwaters northwest of [[Lake Baikal]].
==Etymology==
Biryulka is named after the small [[Bira River]], the name of which in turn comes from an [[Evenks|Evenk]] word.
==History==
In 1688, sixteen peasant families settled here.<ref name="EstablishedDate" /> The founders were Stepan Alexandrovich and Mikhail Kostyakov. The Yakutsk ''stavlenik'' Onichkov allocated them an average of {{convert|1|arpent}} per family. It seems that seven of these families were exiles and nine were of freed serfs. The population increased quickly through natural increase and immigration. Other villages developed in the area around Biryulka. [[Biryulskaya Volost]], subordinate to Yakutsk, was eventually established.<ref name="EstablishedDate" /> In 1696, the inhabitants of Biryulka staged a revolt led by Pavel Khaletsky.<ref name="Larichev">{{cite journal|last=Larichev|first=V.|year=1998|script-title=ru:Объять необъятное!|journal="Наука в Сибири"|language=Russian|url=http://www.nsc.ru/win/sbras/dates/okladnikov.html|accessdate=September 19, 2012|archive-date=February 28, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228213825/http://www.nsc.ru/win/sbras/dates/okladnikov.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
At the beginning of the 20th century, well-known archeologist [[Alexey Okladnikov]] went to school here, but later moved to the ''selo'' of [[Anga (rural locality)|Anga]] where he finished secondary school in 1925.<ref name="Larichev" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=11590|script-title=ru:Окладников Алексей Павлович|work=warheroes.ru/|language=Russian|accessdate=September 19, 2012}}</ref> One of the streets in Biryulka is named after him.
One of the battles of the [[Great Siberian Ice March]], a retreat of the White Army east across Lake Baikal, took place near Biryulka in 1920.<ref name="east-front.narod.ru">{{cite web|url=http://east-front.narod.ru/memo/barnaulets.htm|script-title=ru:Ледяной поход 3-го Барнаульского стрелкового полка (Северный путь)|publisher=Тернистый путь. Однодневная газета. 1 февраля 1921 г.  Издание Владивостокского объединенного комитета по устройству недели каппелевцев|language=Russian|accessdate=September 19, 2012}}</ref>
A number of inhabitants were arrested during the [[Great Purge]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lists.memo.ru/d30/f63.htm|script-title=ru:Списки жертв|publisher=memo.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-09}}</ref>
==Politics==
[[Subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|Municipally]], Biryulka is the [[administrative center]] of the Biryulskoye Rural Settlement in Kachugsky Municipal District, the head of which is Tatyana Sergeyeva, of the [[United Russia]] party who was elected in October 2009.<ref name="RuralSettlementHead">{{cite news|url=http://www.38rus.com/more.php?UID=6617|script-title=ru:В Бирюльке появилась своя дума|date=2009-10-14|work=Politic|publisher=Independent news agency - Baikal|language=Russian|accessdate=September 19, 2012|location=[[Irkutsk]], [[Russia]]}}</ref>
==Economy and infrastructure==
Biryulka is well known for the manufacture of shallow-draft river boats called {{lang|ru-Latn|[[shitik]]}}s, which have been used on the upper Lena for centuries.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Ivanova|first=Maria|year=2007|script-title=ru:Реа Лена: От истока до устья|journal=Якутск вечерний|language=Russian|url=http://vecher.ykt.ru/article.asp?id=3151|accessdate=2009-11-04}}{{Dead link|date=June 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Near Biryulka is the [[archaeological site]] of [[Mokrushinsky burial ground]]. Work has been conducted since the 1980s, in part by students and archeologists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sutur.irk.ru/2003/archeol/anal.php|script-title=ru:Археологическое объединение учащихся ЦДЮТиК|year=2003|publisher=ЦДЮТиК|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-09|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009125927/http://sutur.irk.ru/2003/archeol/anal.php|archivedate=2011-10-09}}</ref>
In 2006, a volunteer fire department was organized with its own fire-engine and a water tower.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.0-1.ru/default.asp?id=17213|script-title=ru:Добровольно вызвались идти в огонь|date=2007-06-17|work=News and Events|publisher=0-1.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-08|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902193111/http://www.0-1.ru/default.asp?id=17213|archivedate=2011-09-02}}</ref>
In winter, there is a [[winter road]] with an ice-bridge across the Lena River. This is the uppermost crossing of the Lena.<ref name="Ice bridge">{{cite news|url=http://www.regions.ru/news/1943090/|script-title=ru:В Качугском районе открылись ледовые переправы через р.Лену|date=2006-12-11|work=Transport|publisher=Federation news|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-09}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2nrvtgN8Cs |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211220/D2nrvtgN8Cs |archive-date=2021-12-20 |url-status=live|title=Building the Ice Bridge Over the Lena River|work=Video|publisher=[[YouTube]]|language=Dutch|accessdate=November 20, 2009}}{{cbignore}}
{{Crossings navbox
|structure=Bridges
|place=[[Lena River]]
|bridge=Ice bridge in the village of Biryulka
|bridge signs=
|upstream=None
|upstream signs=
|downstream=[[Bolshiye Goly|Bolshiye Goly ferry]] (1899-1934),<br />[[Kachug Bridge]]
|downstream signs=
}}
{{Shipbuilding and shipping on the Lena River}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Rural localities in Irkutsk Oblast]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1668]]
[[Category:1668 establishments in Russia]]
[[Category:Irkutsk Governorate]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Lena River]]