View source for Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba Spínola

{{Short description|Spanish aristocrat and Catholic priest}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba-Figueroa y Spínola de la Cerda
| image = Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba y Spínola.png
| caption =
| office = [[Patriarchate of the West Indies|Patriarch of the West Indies]]
| term_start = 6 April 1762
| term_end = 6 January 1777
| predecessor = [[Álvaro de Mendoza Caamaño Sotomayor]]
| successor = {{interlanguage link|Francisco Javier Delgado Venegas|wd=Q2255079}}
| office2 = Cardinal
| term_start2 = 23 November 1761
| term_end2 = 6 January 1777
| predecessor2 = Lorenzo Ganganelli, [[Pope Clement XIV]]
| successor2 = [[Giovanni Battista Bussi de Pretis]]
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1724|02|23|df=y}}
| birth_place =  [[Madrid]], Spain
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1777|01|06|1724|02|23|df=y}}
| death_place =Catholic Church
| nationality = Spanish
| other_names =
| occupation = Priest
| known_for =
}}
'''Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba-Figueroa y Spínola de la Cerda''' (or '''Buenaventura Córdoba Espinosa de la Cerda'''; 23 February 1724 – 6 January 1777) was a Spanish aristocrat and [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] priest who became [[Patriarchate of the West Indies|Patriarch of the West Indies]] and a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]].
==Family==
Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba Spínola de la Cerda was born on 23 February 1724, the fifth of a family of seven children.{{sfn|Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba ... Fundación Medinaceli}}
His full baptismal name was Buenaventura Francisco de Sales Antonio Ramón Pascual Pío Bibiano María de la Soledad Juan de Mata Luis Alfonso de la Concepción Policarpo Venancio Diego José Francisco de Asís.{{sfn|Miranda}}
His parents were [[Nicolás María Fernández de Córdoba Figueroa de la Cerda]], 9th [[Marquis of Priego]], Villafranca and Montalbán, [[Duke of Feria]] and 10th [[Duke of Medinaceli]], and Jerónima María Spínola de la Cerda.
His father was one of the most powerful and wealthy men in 18th century Spain, who had inherited the house of Priego and Feria from his father, and the Duchy of Medinaceli after the death of his maternal uncle, the last male descendant of the house of Cerda.{{sfn|Molina Recio|2018}}
Buenaventura was given an excellent education by private tutors.
He studied letters, languages and theology, and earned a doctorate in theology.{{sfn|Miranda}}
==Career==
After being ordained, Buenaventura was named chaplain and grand almoner of King [[Charles III of Spain]].
He was consecrated as bishop in the Royal Church of San Jerónimo, Madrid on 28 June 1761 by [[Manuel Quintano Bonifaz]], Titular Archbishop of [[Farsala|Pharsalus]] and  [[Grand Inquisitor|Inquisitor general for Spain]].{{sfn|Miranda}}
His principal co-consecrators were Manuel Antonio de Murillo y Argáiz, Bishop of Segovia and Andrés Cano y Junquera, Titular Bishop of Arad.{{sfn|Cheney|2019}}
Due to his powerful family, when he became a priest he was naturally given high positions in the church.
He was made Abbot Major of [[Rute]], one of the richest abbeys in Andalusia.
He was later appointed Canon of Toledo and Archdeacon of Talavera.{{sfn|Molina Recio|2018}}
He became Abbot ''nullius'' of [[Alcalá la Real]] in 1761.{{sfn|Miranda}}
Buenaventura was sponsored by Charles III as archbishop of Neocesárea.{{sfn|Molina Recio|2018}}
On 6 April 1762 he was appointed Titular Archbishop of [[Niksar|Neocaesarea in Ponto]] and [[Patriarchate of the West Indies|Patriarch of the West Indies]].{{sfn|Cheney|2019}}
As patriarch, he replaced [[Álvaro de Mendoza Caamaño Sotomayor]], who had died on 23 January 1761.{{sfn|Cheney|2019b}}
He was military vicar of Spain from 1762 until his death.
He was a judge of the Royal Chapel.{{sfn|Miranda}}
Buenaventura was a member of the king's council.{{sfn|Molina Recio|2018}}
Buenaventura was made a cardinal at the request of King Charles III.{{sfn|Miranda}}
[[Pope Clement XIII]] appointed him cardinal on 23 November 1761.
He participated in the conclave that elected a new pope on 19 May 1769.{{sfn|Molina Recio|2018}}
He was installed as Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo ''in panisperna'' on 26 June 1769.{{sfn|Cheney|2019}}
As cardinal-priest he replaced Lorenzo (Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio) Ganganelli, who had been elected as [[Pope Clement XIV]].{{sfn|Cheney|2019c}}
He then made a trip through Italy and visited the courts of [[Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold, Duke of Tuscany]] (the future Holy Roman Emperor), [[Ferdinand, Duke of Parma]] and King [[Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia]].{{sfn|Molina Recio|2018}}
After returning from Italy Buenaventura suffered an [[apoplexy|apoplectic]] attack, the first of a series of attacks, which greatly limited what he could do.{{sfn|Miranda}}
He was not able to participate in the conclave of 1774–75.{{sfn|Cheney|2019}}
He died on 6 May 1777.{{sfn|Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba ... Fundación Medinaceli}}
He bequeathed his wealth to foundation of a school for orphan boys and girls.{{sfn|Miranda}}
He was replaced as Patriarch of the West Indies by [[Francisco Javier Delgado Venegas]], who was appointed on 30 March 1778.{{sfn|Cheney|2019b}}
He was replaced as cardinal-priest by [[Giovanni Battista Bussi de Pretis]], who was appointed on 12 September 1794.{{sfn|Cheney|2019c}}
== Episcopal lineage ==
Buenaventura's episcopal lineage or [[apostolic succession]] was:{{sfn|Cheney|2019}}
{{cols|colwidth=25em|rules=yes}}
* Cardinal [[Scipione Rebiba]]
* Cardinal [[Giulio Antonio Santorio]] (1566)
* Cardinal [[Girolamo Bernerio]], [[Dominican Order|OP]]  (1586)
* Archbishop [[Galeazzo Sanvitale]] (1604)
* Cardinal [[Ludovico Ludovisi]] (1621)
* Cardinal [[Luigi Caetani]] (1622)
* Cardinal [[Ulderico Carpegna]] (1630)
* Cardinal [[Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni]] (1666)
* [[Pope Benedict XIII]] (1675)
* [[Pope Benedict XIV]] (1724)
* Archbishop [[Enrico Enríquez]] (1743)
* Bishop [[Manuel Quintano Bonifaz]] (1749)
* Cardinal Buenaventura Córdoba Espinosa de la Cerda (1761)
{{colend}}
He was principal consecrator of:
* [[Giuseppe Doria Pamphili|Giuseppe Maria Cardinal Doria Pamphilj]]
==Notes==
{{notes}}{{reflist|30em}}
{{Commons category|Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba y Spínola}}
==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
*{{citation |url=http://es.fundacionmedinaceli.org/casaducal/fichaindividuo.aspx?id=207 |accessdate=2019-08-09
|title=Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba Spínola de la Cerda |publisher=Fundación Casa Ducal de Medinaceli |ref={{harvid|Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba ... Fundación Medinaceli}} }}
*{{citation |url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bcord.html |accessdate=2019-08-09 |title=Buenaventura Cardinal Córdoba Espinosa de la Cerda
|last=Cheney|first=David M. |year=2019 |work=Catholic-Hierarchy}}
*{{citation |url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dw502.html |accessdate=2019-08-09 |title=Patriarchate of West Indies
|last=Cheney|first=David M. |year=2019b |work=Catholic-Hierarchy}}
*{{citation |url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d1l06.html |accessdate=2019-08-09 |title=San Lorenzo in Panisperna
|last=Cheney|first=David M. |year=2019c |work=Catholic-Hierarchy}}
*{{citation |chapter-url=https://webdept.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1761.htm |accessdate=2019-08-09 |title=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |chapter=Córdoba Espinola de la Cerda, Buenaventura de (1724-1777) |archive-date=2019-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720195458/http://webdept.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1761.htm |url-status=dead }}
*{{citation |url=http://dbe.rah.es/biografias/40687/buenaventura-fernandez-de-cordoba-spinola-y-de-la-cerda |accessdate=2019-08-08 |language=es
|last=Molina Recio |first=Raúl  |title=Buenaventura Fernández de Córdoba Spínola y de la Cerda |publisher=Real Academia de la Historia |year=2018}}
{{refend}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fernandez De Cordoba Spinola, Buenaventura}}
[[Category:1724 births]]
[[Category:1777 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Spanish cardinals]]
[[Category:18th-century Spanish nobility]]
[[Category:Clergy from Madrid]]
[[Category:Nobility from Madrid]]