View source for CALSTAR

{{Short description|US air medical services company}}
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{{Infobox company
| name             = CALSTAR
| logo             = CALSTAR logo.svg
| logo_size        = 200px
| type             = Subsidiary
| genre            =
| foundation       = [[San Francisco, California]], 1983
| founder          =
| location_city    = [[McClellan Airfield|McClellan, California]]
| location_country = [[United States|U.S.]]
| location         =
| locations        =
| area_served      = Parts of [[Northern California]], [[Central California]] and [[Nevada#Northern Nevada|Northern Nevada]]
| key_people       = Lynn Malmstrom <small>([[CEO]]</small>, Ken Meehan <small>[[Chair (official)|Chairman of the Board]])</small>
| industry         = [[Air medical services]]
| products         =
| services         =
| revenue          =
| operating_income =
| net_income       =
| owner            =
| num_employees    =
| parent           = REACH (Global Medical Response)
| divisions        =
| subsid           =
| slogan           =
| homepage         = [http://www.calstar.org/ www.calstar.org]
| footnotes        =
| intl             =
}}
'''CALSTAR''' ('''California Shock Trauma Air Rescue''') is a regional [[air medical services]] company serving [[California]] and northern [[Nevada]]. It operates as a nonprofit [[air ambulance]] provider on the West Coast.<ref>[http://www.bizjournals.com/sacramento/news/2010/12/20/calstar-launches-helicopter-ambulance.html CALSTAR Launches Helicopter Ambulance Service]</ref>
==History==
CALSTAR was founded as a nonprofit [[Public-benefit nonprofit corporation|public-benefit corporation]] in 1983 and began flight operations the following year using a leased [[BK 117]] helicopter based at Peninsula Hospital in [[San Mateo, California]].<ref>[http://www.airmedicaljournal.com/article/S1067-991X(09)00197-7/fulltext Christian R. Giller, “CALSTAR – Committed to Another 25 Years of Safe and Secure Patient Transports,” Air Medical Journal, September 2009 (Vol. 28, Issue 5, Pages 237–241)]</ref> In its first year, they flew 235 patients.
By 2010, CALSTAR’s operations had increased to gain ten helicopters. The EMS bases located throughout Northern and Central California, and a fixed wing program providing inter-facility transport services from the company’s headquarters at [[McClellan Airfield|McClellan Park]] (formerly referred to as [[McClellan Air Force Base]]) in [[Sacramento, California]].
Since its inception, CALSTAR has provided air medical transport services to over 50,000 critically ill and injured patients and logged over 75,000 accident-free flight hours.
CALSTAR was acquired by for-profit competitor REACH, a subsidiary of Air Medical Group Holdings, in 2016.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/business/reach-air-ambulance-buys-sacramento-area-competitor-calstar/?artslide=0 | title=REACH air ambulance buys CALSTAR | date=17 June 2016 }}</ref> Air Medical Group Holdings merged with [[American Medical Response]] to form Global Medical Response in 2018.
==Flight operations==
[[File:Calstar EC135.JPG|thumb|A CALSTAR [[Eurocopter EC135]] on final approach.]]
All CALSTAR pilots have a minimum of 3,000 hours of pilot-in-command flight time. CALSTAR operates under its own [[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) Part 135 Air Carrier Certificate and Part 145 Repair Station and is directly responsible for all aspects of its flight operations and aircraft maintenance.
CALSTAR operates a fleet of [[MBB Bo 105|MBB Bo 105LS]] and [[MD Helicopters MD Explorer|MD 902 Explorer]] helicopters. In 2012, eight [[Eurocopter EC135|Eurocopter EC 135]] helicopters were ordered and as of January 2014, six had been delivered. All aircraft are modified with medical interiors, high skid gear, high-intensity search lights and communication systems.
CALSTAR also utilizes [[King Air B200]] light twin-engine airplanes for long-range inter-facility transports.<ref>[http://www.calstar.org/operations/flight.aspx CALSTAR Flight Operations]</ref>
==Medical operations==
Each CALSTAR flight crew is staffed with two registered nurses. CALSTAR flight nurses must achieve and maintain Certified Flight Registered Nurse (CFRN), Critical Care Registered Nurse (CCRN), [[Advanced Cardiac Life Support]] (ACLS) and [[Pediatric Advanced Life Support]] (PALS) certifications.<ref>[http://www.calstar.org/operations/medical.aspx CALSTAR Medical Operations]</ref>
CALSTAR flight nurses deliver care under the medical control provided by CALSTAR's medical director, in accordance with the California Nurse's Practice Act of 1974 and specific company procedures and protocols. All medical care provided by CALSTAR is held under scrutiny from the organization's quality assurance/quality improvement program, which is protected under Section 1157.5 of the California Evidence Code.
Since 2001, CALSTAR has been fully accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Medical Transport Systems ([[CAMTS]]), which acknowledges excellence in patient care, safety, and education.<ref>http://www.camts.org/content/view/73/71/ CAMTS – Accredited Services  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529093420/http://www.camts.org/content/view/73/71/ |date=May 29, 2011 }}</ref> Accreditation must be maintained through rigorous evaluation every three years.
==Accomplishments==
[[File:CALSTAR N222YN (4598763559).jpg|thumb|Calstar [[MD Explorer]].]]
In 2009, CALSTAR completed a six-year project to retrofit its fleet of Eurocopter BO-105 LS aircraft with upgraded [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]] 250-C30P model engines, an enhancement designed to improve safety while significantly reducing emissions and operating costs. The FAA granted CALSTAR a [[Supplemental Type Certificate]] (STC) approving the engine retrofit for the entire BO-105 LS fleet nationwide.<ref name=verticalmag>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110724111231/http://www.verticalmag.com/control/news/templates/?a=9815&z=6 CALSTAR Completes Major Engine Upgrades – Steve Fossett Played Major Role]</ref>
CALSTAR worked closely on the project with Rolls-Royce, as well as [[Steve Fossett]]. Fossett, a businessman and adventurer, had selected the BO-105 LS for an endurance record he was hoping to set. He was so interested in the C30P engine upgrade that he lent CALSTAR his personal aircraft to conduct all of the required flight testing.<ref name=verticalmag /> The retrofitted BO-105 LS was later nicknamed the "Fossett Special."
CALSTAR also received FAA approval in 2009 for the first three helicopters [[Wide Area Augmentation System]] (WAAS) GPS approach procedures in the world. The WAAS procedures were developed by Hickok & Associates, who have since implemented additional helicopter WAAS approaches for air medical providers throughout the United States, Europe and Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.helicoptersmagazine.com/content/view/1620/151/ |title=FAA Approves Seven Heli WAAS LPV IFPs |access-date=2011-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728122523/http://www.helicoptersmagazine.com/content/view/1620/151/ |archive-date=2011-07-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==See also==
* [[California Emergency Medical Services Authority]]
* [[Emergency medical services]]
* [[Golden hour (medicine)]]
* [[Medical evacuation]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.calstar.org/ www.calstar.org] – CALSTAR site
* [http://www.aams.org/ Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS) site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100722064130/http://www.aams.org/ |date=2010-07-22 }}
* [http://www.camts.org/ Commission on Accreditation of Medical Transport Systems (CAMTS)]
[[Category:Air ambulance services in the United States]]
[[Category:Companies based in California]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1983]]
[[Category:1983 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Medical and health organizations based in California]]