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{{short description|1998–2015 British fabless semiconductor company}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox company
| name             = CSR plc
| logo             = Cambridge Silicon Radio logo.svg
| logo_size        = 230px
| type             = [[Public limited company]]
| foundation       = {{start date and age|1998}} (as Cambridge Silicon Radio)
| fate             = Acquired by [[Qualcomm]]
| defunct          = {{end date|2015|8|14|df=yes}}
| location         = [[Cambridge]], England, U.K.
| industry         = [[Semiconductor]]s<br />[[Communications]]
| key_people       = Ron Mackintosh ([[Chair (official)|chairman]])<br /> Joep van Beurden ([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])<br /> Will Gardiner ([[Chief financial officer|CFO]])
| products         = [[Fabless]] semiconductor that included connectivity, audio, imaging and [[GPS]] chips
| revenue          = {{US$|link=yes}}774.8 million (2014)<ref name=ar>{{cite web|url=http://csr.com/sites/default/files/result-presentations/results/pdf/csr-2014-annual-report-2104.pdf|title=Annual Report 2014|publisher=CSR plc|access-date=25 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402155550/http://csr.com/sites/default/files/result-presentations/results/pdf/csr-2014-annual-report-2104.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| operating_income = {{US$|link=yes}}97.0 million (2014)<ref name=ar/>
| net_income       = {{US$|link=yes}}96.8 million (2014)<ref name=ar/>
| homepage         = [http://csr.com csr.com]
}}
'''CSR plc''' (formerly '''Cambridge Silicon Radio''')  was a [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[fabless semiconductor company]] headquartered in [[Cambridge]], United Kingdom. Its main products were connectivity, audio, imaging and location chips. CSR was listed on the [[London Stock Exchange]] and was a constituent of the [[FTSE 250 Index]] until it was acquired by [[Qualcomm]] in August 2015. Under Qualcomm's ownership, the company was renamed Qualcomm Technologies International, Ltd.
==History==
The company was founded in 1998 and split away from [[Cambridge Consultants]] as ''Cambridge Silicon Radio'' or CSR in 1999.  The founding directors, who were all at Cambridge Consultants at the time were [[Phil O'Donovan]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.raeng.org.uk/about-us/the-fellowship/new-fellows-2017/fellows/philip-o-donovan|title=Philip O'Donovan - Royal Academy of Engineering|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110180203/https://www.raeng.org.uk/about-us/the-fellowship/new-fellows-2017/fellows/philip-o-donovan|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[James D. Y. Collier|James Collier]] and Glenn Collinson.<ref name=camphenom>{{cite book |last1=Kirk |first1=Kate |last2 =Cotton |first2=Charles |date=2012 |title=The Cambridge Phenomenon: 50 years of innovation and enterprise |url=http://www.cambridgephenomenon.com |location=London |publisher=Third Millennium Publishing |isbn= 9781906507527}}</ref>  It was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 2004.<ref>and became a FTSE250 company in the same year.
[http://news.zdnet.co.uk/hardware/0,1000000091,39147410,00.htm Blue tooth firms IPO share fetch top price] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417042237/http://news.zdnet.co.uk/hardware/0,1000000091,39147410,00.htm |date=17 April 2008 }}</ref>
In 2005 the company acquired Clarity Technologies, a leading clear voice capture (CVC) business<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ic-tech.com/newroom/CSRacquisitionClarityTechnologies.html|title=CSR plc acquisition of Clarity Technologies, Inc|work=ic-tech.com|access-date=25 March 2015}}</ref> and UbiNetics, a 3G wireless ([[WCDMA]]/[[UMTS]]/[[HSDPA]]) technology company.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/?noadc=1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710083334/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2005_July_28/ai_n14834293/|url-status=dead|title=FindArticles.com &#124; CBSi|website=findarticles.com|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> In 2007, CSR acquired Nordnav, a Swedish-based [[GPS]] software company, and CPS, a Cambridge-based GPS software company producing [[Enhanced GPS]] in partnership with Motorola.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.edn-europe.com/csrbuysnordnavcpstoaddgpscapability+article+432+Europe.html|title=EDN - Industry News, Learning center, electronic design center|work=edn-europe.com|access-date=25 March 2015}}</ref>
In February 2009, CSR announced it was merging with [[SiRF]], the biggest global supplier of GPS chips, in a share deal worth $136 million;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://production.investis.com/csr_tools/rns/rnsitem?id=1234249266nRnsJ0578N|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120116043331/http://production.investis.com/csr_tools/rns/rnsitem?id=1234249266nRnsJ0578N |url-status=dead |title=Merger Agreement with SiRF|archive-date=16 January 2012}}</ref> in July 2010, CSR announced the acquisition of Belfast-based APT Licensing Ltd. (APT) and its [[aptX]] audio technology<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newelectronics.co.uk/electronics-news/csr-buys-belfast-based-audio-compression-specialist/26654/|title=CSR buys Belfast based audio compression specialist|date=28 July 2010|publisher=New Electronics|access-date=23 September 2017}}</ref> and in February 2011, CSR announced it was merging with [[Zoran Corporation|Zoran]], a video and imaging technology company.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://production.investis.com/csr_tools/rns/rnsitem?id=4061085 |title=CSR plc announces merger with Zoran Corporation |access-date=5 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227033223/http://production.investis.com/csr_tools/rns/rnsitem?id=4061085 |archive-date=27 February 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
In May 2012, CSR acquired Direct Digital Feedback Amplifier (DDFA) technology, a proprietary, highly scalable digital Class-D audio amplifier technology;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120501005208/en/CSR-Strengthens-Audio-Platform-High-Fidelity-Class-D|title=CSR Strengthens Its Audio Platform with High Fidelity Class-D Amplifier Technology|date=1 May 2012|publisher=Businesswire|access-date=23 September 2017}}</ref> in June 2012, CSR announced that it had acquired the MAPX (formerly MAP-X) audio product line from [[Trident Microsystems]], Inc<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1261889|title=CSR buys Trident's audio processor line|date=6 June 2012|publisher=EE Times|access-date=23 September 2017}}</ref> and in July 2012, [[Samsung Electronics]] agreed to acquire CSR's mobile phone connectivity (Bluetooth and Wi-Fi) and location (GPS/GNSS) businesses and associated IP for US$310 million (£198 million).<ref name=reut17712>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/oukin-uk-samsung-csr-idUKBRE86G11M20120717?type=companyNews|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306153655/http://uk.reuters.com/article/oukin-uk-samsung-csr-idUKBRE86G11M20120717?type=companyNews|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 March 2016|title=Samsung buys chipmaker CSR's handset technology|access-date=16 August 2012|publisher=Reuters| date=17 July 2012}}</ref> As part of the deal Samsung acquired a stake of 4.9% in CSR.<ref name=reut17712/>
In June 2014, CSR acquired the people and technology of Reciva, a networked audio streaming platform, for US$5 million<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.csr.com/sites/default/files/result-presentations/results/pdf/csr_capital_markets_day_2014_rns_final_0.pdf|title=CSR Capital Markets Day Report, June 2014}}</ref> and in October 2014, the acquisition of CSR by [[Qualcomm]] for $2.5 billion was agreed.<ref>{{cite press release| publisher=Reuters| date=15 October 2014| title=Qualcomm trumps Microchip with $2.5 billion deal for Britain's CSR| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-qualcomm-csr-idUSKCN0I40J320141015| access-date=30 June 2017| archive-date=17 October 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017180111/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/15/us-qualcomm-csr-idUSKCN0I40J320141015| url-status=live}}</ref> The transaction was completed in August 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/Qualcomm-completes-2-4bn-Cambridge-8217-s-CSR/story-27608788-detail/story.html |title=Qualcomm completes $2.4bn take-over of Cambridge's CSR |work=Cambridge News |access-date=22 August 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923091535/http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/Qualcomm-completes-2-4bn-Cambridge-8217-s-CSR/story-27608788-detail/story.html |archive-date=23 September 2015 }}</ref>
==Products==
[[File:Nokia X2-02 - csr BC7820-1741.jpg|thumb|CSR BC7820]]
CSR's products included platform solutions for [[Bluetooth]], [[GPS]], [[FM broadcasting]], [[Wi-Fi]], audio, imaging, and [[ARM processor]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csr.com/annualreport2010/|title=CSR Joins Qualcomm|work=csr.com|access-date=22 August 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120730224632/http://www.csr.com/annualreport2010/|archive-date=30 July 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> After the Zoran merger, CSR also made digital imaging products based on the [[MIPS architecture]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csr.com/products/76/supratv265|title=CSR Wireless Technology Product Finder|work=csr.com|access-date=22 August 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130215194317/http://www.csr.com/products/76/supratv265|archive-date=15 February 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csr.com/products/coach16|title=CSR Wireless Technology Product Finder|work=csr.com|access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref>
==Offices==
[[File:Cambridge Business Park CSR.jpg|thumb|Churchill House, part of CSR's corporate campus at the [[Cambridge Business Park]]]]
CSR had 27 offices in 13 countries:
* Churchill House, [[Cambridge Business Park]], Cambridge, UK
* Trinity House, [[Cambridge Business Park]], Cambridge, UK
* Selwyn House, [[Cambridge Business Park]], Cambridge, UK
* Unit 400, [[Cambridge Science Park]], Cambridge, UK
* Part of St. John's House, St. John's Innovation Park, Cambridge, UK
* Quay West, [[Manchester]], England, UK
* [[Bristol and Bath Science Park]], Bristol, England, UK
* Legacy Building, [[Catalyst Inc]], [[Belfast]], Northern Ireland, UK
* [[Ingolstadt]], Germany
* [[Freiburg]], Germany
* [[Haifa]], Israel
* [[Auburn Hills, Michigan]], United States
* [[Phoenix, Arizona]], United States
* [[Sunnyvale, California]], United States
* [[Santa Ana, California]], United States
* [[Burlington, Massachusetts]], United States
* [[Plano, Texas]], United States
* [[Beijing]], China
* [[Shanghai]], China
* [[Shenzhen]], China
* Prestige Technology Park II, [[Bangalore]], India
* [[Noida]], India
* [[Tokyo]], Japan
* [[Seongnam]], Gyunggi-Do, Korea
* [[Gumi, South Korea|Gumi]], Korea
* United Square, [[Singapore]]
* [[Taipei]], Taiwan
* [[Zhongli District|Zhongli]], Taiwan
* [[Lund]], [[Ideon Science Park]], Sweden
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
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{{Telecommunications industry in the United Kingdom}}
{{Open Handset Alliance Members}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Technology companies established in 1998]]
[[Category:Semiconductor companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Bluetooth]]
[[Category:Fabless semiconductor companies]]
[[Category:Companies based in Cambridge]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Qualcomm]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in England]]