View source for Cajatambo

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          = Cajatambo
|other_name             =
|native_name            = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
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|pushpin_map            = Peru
|pushpin_label_position = left
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = {{PER}}
|subdivision_type1      = [[Regions of Peru|Region]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Lima Region|Lima]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Provinces of Peru|Province]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Cajatambo Province|Cajatambo]]
|subdivision_type3      = [[Districts of Peru|District]]
|subdivision_name3      = [[Cajatambo District|Cajatambo]]
|subdivision_type4      =
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|government_type        =
|leader_title           = Mayor
|leader_name            = José Del Carmen Flores Fuentes Rivera
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|population_as_of       = 2017
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|population_total       = 2082
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|timezone               = PET
|utc_offset             = -5
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|coordinates            = {{coord|10|29|S|77|02|W|region:PE|display=inline}}
|elevation_footnotes    = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 3350
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}}
'''Cajatambo''' or '''Kashatampu''' is the capital of the [[Cajatambo Province]] in the [[Lima Region]] of Peru.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cajatambo Province Video {{!}} Tourism and Events|url=http://www.ovguide.com/cajatambo-province-9202a8c04000641f8000000000a499b8|publisher=ovguide.com|access-date=16 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304211157/http://www.ovguide.com/cajatambo-province-9202a8c04000641f8000000000a499b8|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== History ==
Founded during the Tawantinsuyu ([[Inca Empire]]) before the advent of the Spanish conquistadors, with the name of ''Kasha Tanpu'', it was one of the stops along the [[Inca road system|Inca highway]], being part of the imperial region of [[Chinchay Suyu]].{{cn|date=January 2023}}
== Demography ==
The population of Cajatambo was estimated in 1896 to be roughly 6,000 people, although roughly 15 years later the [[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica'' Eleventh Edition]] put the population at closer to 4,500.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Cajatambo|volume=4|page=961}}</ref>
In recent decades many people have migrated to places with better opportunities and services, such as the city of [[Lima]].
Spanish is the language which the majority of the population (80%) learnt to speak in childhood, followed by Quechua (19%).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib0838/Libro13/Libro.pdf|title=Censos Nacionales 2017 XI de Población y VI de Vivienda - Perfil Sociodemográfico de la Región Lima}}</ref> The variety of Quechua spoken in the area is the Cajatambo Quechua (part of the Central Quechua "Wankay"),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/qvl|title=Quechua, Cajatambo North Lima|website=Ethnologue|language=en|access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref> a [[Quechua I]] dialect which shares 74% intelligibility with the neighboring Huamalies Quechua.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://peru.sil.org/es/lengua_cultura/familia_linguistica_quechua/quechua_chiquian-cajatambo|title=Quechua de Bolognesi-Cajatambo-Chiquián {{!}} ILV|website=peru.sil.org|access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref>
== Toponymy ==
The toponym Cajatambo comes from the [[Quechuan languages|Quechua]] words: kasha ("thorn", "cold") and [[Tambo (Incan structure)|tanpu]] ("inn").
== Geography ==
Geographically, Cajatambo is located in the [[Quechua (geography)|Quechua region]] bordering the [[Suni (geography)|Suni region]], its climate is dry and moderately cold with the sun's rays being temperate, however the temperature drops considerably at night.
===Climate===
{{Weather box
| width       = auto
| collapsed   = yes
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| location    = Cajatambo (1991–2020)
| Jan high C = 15.3
| Feb high C = 15.0
| Mar high C = 15.1
| Apr high C = 16.1
| May high C = 16.6
| Jun high C = 16.6
| Jul high C = 16.7
| Aug high C = 17.4
| Sep high C = 17.5
| Oct high C = 16.8
| Nov high C = 16.3
| Dec high C = 15.4
| year high C = 16.2
| Jan low C = 6.1
| Feb low C = 6.2
| Mar low C = 6.2
| Apr low C = 5.8
| May low C = 5.2
| Jun low C = 4.7
| Jul low C = 4.3
| Aug low C = 4.7
| Sep low C = 5.5
| Oct low C = 5.8
| Nov low C = 5.6
| Dec low C = 6.2
| year low C = 5.5
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 103.0
| Feb precipitation mm = 125.3
| Mar precipitation mm = 133.2
| Apr precipitation mm = 52.6
| May precipitation mm = 9.9
| Jun precipitation mm = 1.4
| Jul precipitation mm = 0.4
| Aug precipitation mm = 1.4
| Sep precipitation mm = 9.7
| Oct precipitation mm = 33.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 46.3
| Dec precipitation mm = 102.5
| year precipitation mm = 618.9
| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Peru/CSV/Cajatambo_05501.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Cajatambo
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = January 27, 2024}}</ref>
}}
==Economy==
Near the city there are silver mines, which used to employ a section of the population. In 2002, the Peruvian government declared regions of the mountains upon which Cajatambo is located to be protected, and future mining was prohibited.
Cajatambo's main industries are now agricultural and pastoral. It is known for its cheeses, butter, [[manjar blanco]] and [[chicharrón]].
== Tourism ==
Tourist attractions near the town include the Astobamba's prairie and its peaks, the Baths of Shucsha, and the [[Cordillera Huayhuash|Waywash range]].
Inca trails are still preserved and used as bridle paths by the locals.
The fauna of Cajatambo includes wild species: [[Andean Fox|andean foxes]], [[vicuña]]s, [[Viscacha|vizcachas]], [[andean condor]]s, eagles, falcons, among others. In the same town falcons can be seen.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|10|29|S|77|02|W|source:kolossus-ruwiki|display=title}}
[[Category:Populated places in the Lima Region]]