View source for Cambarus

{{Short description|Genus of crayfishes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image=Chattooga River Crayfish (14174938652).jpg
|image_caption=''[[Cambarus scotti]]''
| taxon = Cambarus
| authority = [[Wilhelm Ferdinand Erichson|Erichson]], 1846
| type_species = ''[[Cambarus bartonii]]''
| type_species_authority = Fabricius, 1798<ref>{{cite journal |title=A Checklist of the North and Middle American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae) |author=Horton H. Hobbs Jr. |year=1974 |journal=[[Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology]] |volume=166 |issue=166 |pages=1–161 |doi=10.5479/si.00810282.166|author-link=Horton H. Hobbs Jr.}}</ref>
}}
'''''Cambarus''''' is a large and diverse [[genus]] of [[crayfish]] from the United States and Canada. The adults range in size from about {{convert|5|cm|abbr=on}} up to approximately {{convert|15|cm|abbr=on}}.
== Description ==
The genus ''Cambarus'' is the second largest freshwater crayfish genus inhabiting the Northern Hemisphere, with only sixty fewer species than the genus ''[[Procambarus]]''.<ref name=":0" /> Though ''Cambarus'' are varied across species, the two terminal elements that make up the male form I [[gonopod]] form ninety degree angles with the central appendage, allowing for their identification. Unlike the genus ''[[Procambarus]]'' whose first [[pleopod]] tends to have three processes at the tip, ''Cambarus'' has only one or two.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Biology and Ecology of Crayfish|last=Longshaw|first=Matt|publisher=CRC Press|year=2016|isbn=9781498767323|location=New York|pages=17–18}}</ref> ''Cambarus'' reach {{convert|17–26|mm|abbr=on}} [[carapace]] lengths in their first year, while average adult carapace length ranges from {{convert|55–62|mm|abbr=on}}.<ref name=":3" /> The name ''Cambarus'' comes from an alteration of Latin ''cammarus'', meaning "lobster".{{citation needed|date=October 2023}}
As a genus containing nearly 100 species, ''Cambarus's'' coloration is variable.<ref name=":0" /> ''[[Cambarus bartonii]]'' is dark brown, while species like ''[[Cambarus pauleyi]]'' range from subtle to vibrant blues and reds.<ref name=":0" /> Other species are light green or grayish in color.<ref name=":0" />
== Biogeography ==
Most species of ''Cambarus'' are restricted to the United States and Canada. They are distributed along the eastern coast, extending from [[New Brunswick]] to northern [[Florida]].<ref name=":0" /> However, the genus extends as far westward as the [[Rocky Mountains]] of [[Wyoming]] and [[Colorado]], inhabiting a variety of [[freshwater]] environments.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/313082/details|title=Cambarus diogenes|last=Cordeiro|first=J.|date=2014|website=[[Encyclopedia of Life]]|access-date=March 29, 2018}}</ref>
=== Habitat ===
''Cambarus'' occupy a range of freshwater environments including streams, rivers, lakes, and burrows. Burrowing species of the genus include ''[[Cambarus dubius]]''.<ref name=":0" /> ''Cambarus'' also include many cave-dwelling species, both [[stygofauna|stygobites]] and [[Stygofauna|stygophiles]].<ref name=":3" /> While salinity and temperature changes minimally affect ''Cambarus'', the genus has shown an intolerance to pollution.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Buhay|first=J|display-authors=et al|date=February 2007|title=Molecular taxonomy in the dark: Evolutionary history, phylogeography, and diversity of cave crayfish in the subgenus Aviticambarus, genus Cambarus|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=42|issue=2|pages=435–448|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.014|pmid=16971141}}</ref>
== Ecology ==
=== Diet ===
Like other crayfish, ''Cambarus'' are foragers. Diets are largely plant-based, though ''Cambarus'' also consume small marine organisms like molluscs, larvae, tadpoles and amphibian eggs. ''Cambarus'' consume small rodents or birds when available.<ref name=":3" /> In their first year, ''Cambarus'' typically consume 1-4% of their overall body-weight each day.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Biology of Freshwater Crayfish|last=Holdich|first=David M.|publisher=Blackwell Science|year=2002|isbn=978-0-632-05431-2|location=London|pages=609–613}}</ref> The genus is central to many freshwater [[food web]]s as they help maintain water quality through consumption of [[algae]].<ref name=":2" />
=== Vulnerability ===
One of the largest crayfish genera, ''Cambarus'' includes a sizable number of vulnerable species.<ref name=":2" /> Cave-dwellers like ''[[Cambarus jonesi]]'' are at risk due to their lack of [[genetic diversity]] and low population count. Other species like ''Cambarus veteranus'' are at risk due to human practices like logging and mining, which increase sediment amounts in freshwater environments.<ref name=":0" /> Increased sediment causes these freshwater environments to be uninhabitable, and ''Cambarus'' are forced to relocate as a result.<ref name=":0" />
=== Growth ===
[[Ecdysis|Molting]] occurs among ''Cambarus'' approximately 5-10 times during their first year, and 3-5 times during subsequent years. ''Cambarus'' remain relatively inactive during periods of molting, as the shedding of [[chitin]]ous [[exoskeleton]]s leaves them more vulnerable to predation and injury.<ref name=":3" /> Many species of ''Cambarus'' continue to grow well into [[adult]]hood.<ref name=":3" />
=== Reproduction ===
''Cambarus'' typically mate in the early spring. Both ''[[Cambarus bartonii]]'' and ''[[Cambarus robustus]]'' only mate once during their three-year life span, with females of both carrying fewer eggs than those of the genus ''[[Orconectes]]''.<ref name=":3" />
== Gallery ==
{{Gallery
| File:Cambarus aculabrum.jpg | ''[[Cambarus aculabrum]]''
| File:Big Sandy crayfish (16382866013).jpg | ''[[Cambarus callainus]]''
| File:Cambarus georgiae (3086810921).jpg | ''[[Cambarus georgiae]]''
| File:Blue Crayfish - Cambarus monongalensis (165812772).jpg | ''[[Cambarus monongalensis]]''
| File:Blackbarred Crayfish (13990939860).jpg | ''[[Cambarus unestami]]''
}}
==Classification==
The genus ''Cambarus'' contains around 100 species,<ref>{{ITIS |taxon=''Cambarus'' |id=97337}}</ref> many of which are listed on the [[IUCN Red List]].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[IUCN]] |title=Search |work=[[IUCN Red List]] |url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/search |access-date=October 7, 2010}}</ref> Species in the genus were formerly divided among 12 [[subgenus|subgenera]].<ref>{{cite web |author=James W. Fetzner Jr. |date=January 14, 2008 |title=Genus ''Cambarus'' Erichson, 1846 |work=Crayfish Taxon Browser |publisher=[[Carnegie Museum of Natural History]] |access-date=March 9, 2010 |url=http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/NewAstacidea/genus.asp?g=Cambarus |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429050406/http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/NewAstacidea/genus.asp?g=Cambarus |archive-date=April 29, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In a 2017 study,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Crandall|first1=Keith A|last2=De Grave|first2=Sammy|date=September 2017|title=An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list|url=http://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/37/5/615/4060680/An-updated-classification-of-the-freshwater|journal=Journal of Crustacean Biology|language=en|volume=37|issue=5|pages=615–653|doi=10.1093/jcbiol/rux070|issn=0278-0372|doi-access=free}}</ref> these subgenera were found to lack any phylogenetic validity and were therefore eliminated.
{{div col|colwidth=24em}}
*''[[Cambarus aculabrum]]'' <small>Hobbs & Brown, 1987</small> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] – Benton County cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus acuminatus]]'' <small>Faxon, 1884</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] - Acuminate Crayfish<ref name="red">{{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=BW |last2=Delekta |first2=EM |last3=Loughman |first3=ZJ |title=Redescription and circumscription of the Acuminate Crayfish, Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, 1884 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) |journal=Zootaxa |date=22 February 2019 |volume=4560 |issue=1 |pages=40–50 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4560.1.2 |pmid=30790990 |s2cid=73459024 |url=https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4560.1.2 |access-date=26 March 2022}}</ref>
*''[[Cambarus adustus]]'' <small>Thoma, Fetzner, Stocker and Loughman, 2016</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133603|taxon=''Cambarus adustus''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref>  [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] - Dusky Mudbug
*''[[Cambarus aldermanorum]]'' <small>J. E. Cooper and Price, 2010</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133604|taxon=''Cambarus aldermanorum''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus andersoni]]'' <small>Jones and Eversole, 2015</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133605|taxon=''Cambarus andersoni''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus angularis]]'' <small>Hobbs & R. W. Bouchard, 1994</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]]
*''[[Cambarus appalachiensis]]'' <small>Loughman, Welsh and Thoma, 2017</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133606|taxon=''Cambarus appalachiensis''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus asperimanus]]'' <small>Faxon, 1914</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus bartonii]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1798)</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Appalachian Brook Crayfish
*''[[Cambarus batchi]]'' <small>Schuster, 1973</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – bluegrass crayfish
*''[[Cambarus bouchardi]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1970</small> [[File:Status iucn VU icon.svg|24px|VU]] – Big South Fork crayfish
*''[[Cambarus brachydactylus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1953</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus brimleyorum]]'' <small>Cooper, 2006</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus buntingi]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard, 1973</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Bunting crayfish
*''[[Cambarus callainus]]'' <small>Thoma, Loughman & Fetzner, 2014</small>&nbsp;<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Roger F. Thoma |author2=Zachary J. Loughman |author3=James W. Fetzner Jr. |year=2014 |title=''Cambarus (Puncticambarus) callainus'', a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Big Sandy River basin in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA |journal=[[Zootaxa]] |volume=3900 |issue=4 |pages=541–554 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.5|pmid=25543755 |url=http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2014/f/zt03900p554.pdf }}</ref> - Big Sandy crayfish
*''[[Cambarus carinirostris]]'' <small> Hay, 1914</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Rock Crayfish
*''[[Cambarus carolinus]]'' <small>(Erichson, 1846)</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus catagius]]'' <small>Hobbs & Perkins, 1967</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – Greensboro Burrowing Crayfish
*''[[Cambarus causeyi]]'' <small>Reimer, 1966</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus chasmodactylus]]'' <small>James, 1966</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – New River crayfish
*''[[Cambarus chaugaensis]]'' <small>Prins & Hobbs, 1972</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Chauga crayfish
*''[[Cambarus clairitae]]'' <small>Schuster and Taylor, 2016</small> <ref>{{ITIS|id=1133604|taxon=''Cambarus clairitae''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus clivosus]]'' <small>Taylor, Soucek & Organ, 2006</small> [[File:Status iucn VU icon.svg|24px|VU]]
*''[[Cambarus conasaugaensis]]'' <small>Hobbs & Hobbs III, 1962</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus coosae]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus coosawattae]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]] – Coosawattae crayfish
*''[[Cambarus cracens]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard & Hobbs, 1976</small> [[File:Status iucn EN icon.svg|24px|EN]]
*''[[Cambarus crinipes]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard, 1973</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus cryptodytes]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1941</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Dougherty Plain cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus cumberlandensis]]'' <small>Hobbs & R. W. Bouchard, 1973</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Cumberland crayfish
*''[[Cambarus cymatilis]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1970</small> [[File:Status iucn EN icon.svg|24px|EN]] – Conasauga blue burrower
*''[[Cambarus davidi]]'' <small>J. E. Cooper, 2000</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Carolina Ladle Crayfish
*''[[Cambarus deweesae]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard & Etnier, 1979</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – valley flame crayfish
*''[[Cambarus distans]]'' <small>Rhoades, 1944</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – boxclaw crawfish
*''[[Cambarus diupalma]]'' <small>Jones and Eversole, 2015</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133619|taxon=''Cambarus diupalma''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus doughertyensis]]'' <small>Cooper & Skelton, 2003</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] - Dougherty burrowing crayfish
*''[[Cambarus dubius]]'' <small>Faxon, 1884</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – upland burrowing crayfish
*''[[Cambarus ectopistes]]'' <small>Loughman & Williams, 2021</small><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Loughman |first1=Zachary J |last2=Williams |first2=Bronwyn W |title=Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA |journal=Zootaxa |date=December 2021 |volume=5082 |issue=4 |pages=322–340 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.2|pmid=35390961 |s2cid=245339895 |url=https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.5082.4.2 |access-date=27 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus eeseeohensis]]'' <small>Thoma, 2005</small> [[File:Status iucn VU icon.svg|24px|VU]]
*''[[Cambarus elkensis]]'' <small>Jezerinac & Stocker, 1993</small> [[File:Status iucn VU icon.svg|24px|VU]] – Elk River crayfish
*''[[Cambarus englishi]]'' <small>Hobbs & Hall, 1972</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus extraneus]]'' <small>Hagen, 1870</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – Chickamauga crayfish
*''[[Cambarus fasciatus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – Etowah crayfish
*''[[Cambarus friaufi]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1953</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – hairy crayfish
*''[[Cambarus gentryi]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1970</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus georgiae]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Little Tennessee crayfish
*''[[Cambarus girardianus]]'' <small>Faxon, 1884</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus graysoni]]'' <small>Faxon, 1914</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Two-spot crayfish
*''[[Cambarus guenteri]]'' <small>Loughman, Henkanaththegedara, Fetzner and Thoma, 2017</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133623|taxon=''Cambarus guenteri''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus halli]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1968</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus hamulatus]]'' <small>(Cope, 1881)</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Prickly cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus harti]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn EN icon.svg|24px|EN]] – Piedmont blue burrower
*''[[Cambarus hatfeildi]]''<small> Z. J. Loughman, 2013</small> [[File: Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus hazardi]]'' <small>Loughman, Henkanaththegedara, Fetzner and Thoma, 2017</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133626|taxon=''Cambarus hazardi''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus hiwasseensis]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Hiwassee crayfish
*''[[Cambarus hobbsorum]]'' <small>J. E. Cooper, 2001</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Rocky River crayfish
*''[[Cambarus howardi]]'' <small>Hobbs & Hall, 1969</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Chattahoochee crayfish
*''[[Cambarus hubbsi]]'' <small>Creaser, 1931</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus hubrichti]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1952</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – Salem cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus hystricosus]]'' <small>Cooper & Cooper, 2003</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus jezerinaci]]'' <small>Thoma, 2000</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus johni]]'' <small>Cooper, 2006</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus jonesi]]'' <small>Hobbs & Barr, 1960</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Alabama cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus laconensis]]'' <small>Buhay & Crandall, 2009</small>&nbsp;<ref name="Buhay">{{cite journal |author1=Jennifer E. Buhay |author2=Keith A. Crandall|author-link2=Keith A. Crandall |year=2009 |title=Taxonomic revision of cave crayfish in the genus ''Cambarus'' subgenus ''Aviticambraus'' (Decapoda: Cambaridae) with descriptions of two new species, ''C. speleocoopi'' and ''C. laconensis'', endemic to Alabama, U.S.A. |journal=[[Journal of Crustacean Biology]] |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=121–134 |doi=10.1651/08-3089.1 |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] - Lacon Exit cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus latimanus]]'' <small>(Le Conte, 1856)</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus lenati]]'' <small>J. E. Cooper, 2000</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]] – Broad River crayfish
*''[[Cambarus lentiginosus]]'' <small> Jones and Eversole, 2016</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133632|taxon=''Cambarus lentiginosus''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus longirostris]]'' <small>Faxon, 1885</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus longulus]]'' <small>Girard, 1852</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus loughmani]]'' <small>Foltz II ''et al.'', 2018</small> - Blue Teays mudbug
*''[[Cambarus maculatus]]'' <small>Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – freckled crayfish
*''[[Cambarus magerae]]'' <small>Thoma and Fetzner, 2015</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133633|taxon=''Cambarus magerae''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus manningi]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus monongalensis]]'' <small>Ortmann, 1905</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] - Monongahela or blue crayfish
*''[[Cambarus nerterius]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1964</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]] – Greenbrier cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus nodosus]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard & Hobbs, 1976</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus obeyensis]]'' <small>Hobbs & Shoup, 1947</small> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] – Obey crayfish
*''[[Cambarus obstipus]]'' <small>Hall, 1959</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus ortmanni]]'' <small>Williamson, 1907</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Ortmann mudbug
*''[[Cambarus parrishi]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – Hiwassee headwater crayfish
*''[[Cambarus parvoculus]]'' <small>Hobbs & Shoup, 1947</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – mountain midget crayfish
*''[[Cambarus pauleyi]]'' <small> Loughman, Thoma, Fetzner and Stocker, 2015</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133634|taxon=''Cambarus pauleyi''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus pecki]]'' <small>(Hobbs, 1967)</small>&nbsp;<ref name="Buhay"/> [[File:Status iucn EN icon.svg|24px|EN]] - phantom cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus polypilosus]]'' <small> Loughman & Williams, 2018</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1134165|taxon=''Cambarus polypilosus''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus pristinus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1965</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – pristine crayfish
*''[[Cambarus pyronotus]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard, 1978</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – fireback crayfish
*''[[Cambarus reburrus]]'' <small>Prins, 1968</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – French Broad crayfish
*''[[Cambarus reduncus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1956</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus reflexus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus robustus]]'' <small>Girard, 1852</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – big water crayfish
*''[[Cambarus rusticiformis]]'' <small>Rhoades, 1944</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Depression crayfish
*''[[Cambarus sciotensis]]'' <small>Rhoades, 1944</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Teays River crayfish
*''[[Cambarus scotti]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Chattooga crayfish
*''[[Cambarus setosus]]'' <small>Faxon, 1889</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]] – bristly cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus smilax]]'' <small>Loughman, Simon, and Welch, 2011</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|NE]] – Greenbrier crayfish
*''[[Cambarus speciosus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]]
*''[[Cambarus speleocoopi]]'' <small>Buhay & Crandall, 2009</small>&nbsp;<ref name="Buhay"/> [[File:Status iucn EN icon.svg|24px|EN]] - Sweet Home Alabama Crayfish
*''[[Cambarus sphenoides]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1968</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]]
*''[[Cambarus spicatus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1956</small>  [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] - Broad River spiny crayfish
*''[[Cambarus stockeri]]'' <small>Thoma, 2011</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133640|taxon=''Cambarus stockeri''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus striatus]]'' <small>Hay, 1902</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Hay Crayfish
*''[[Cambarus strigosus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – lean crayfish
*''[[Cambarus subterraneus]]'' <small>Hobbs III, 1993</small> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] – Delaware County cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus tartarus]]'' <small>Hobbs & M. R. Cooper, 1972</small> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] – Oklahoma cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus taylori]]'' <small>Loughman, Henkanaththegedara, Fetzner and Thoma, 2017</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133642|taxon=''Cambarus taylori''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus tenebrosus]]'' <small>Hay, 1902</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – cavespring crayfish
*''[[Cambarus theepiensis]]'' <small>Loughman, Foltz, Garrison and Welsh, 2013</small><ref>{{ITIS|id=1133644|taxon=''Cambarus theepiensis''|access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]]
*''[[Cambarus truncatus]]'' <small>Hobbs, 1981</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|NT]] – Oconee burrowing crayfish
*''[[Cambarus tuckasegee]]'' <small>Cooper & Schofield, 2002</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]]
*''[[Cambarus unestami]]'' <small>Hobbs & Hall, 1969</small> [[File:Status iucn LC icon.svg|24px|LC]] – Blackbarred crayfish
*''[[Cambarus veitchorum]]'' <small>J. E. Cooper & M. R. Cooper, 1997</small> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] – White Spring cave crayfish
*''[[Cambarus veteranus]]'' <small>Faxon, 1914</small> [[File:Status iucn DD icon.svg|24px|DD]] – Guyandotte River crayfish
*''[[Cambarus williami]]'' <small>R. W. Bouchard & J. W. Bouchard, 1995</small> [[File:Status iucn NT icon.svg|24px|NT]] – Brawleys Fork crayfish
*''[[Cambarus zophonastes]]'' <small>Hobbs & Bedinger, 1964</small> [[File:Status iucn CR icon.svg|24px|CR]] – Hell Creek cave crayfish
{{div col end}}
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
{{Commons category}}
* {{cite web |title=Crayfish |access-date=May 10, 2021 |url=http://www.personal.psu.edu/hw7/naturetrail/speciespages/crayfish.htm |website=The Virtual Nature Trail at Penn State New Kensington |orig-year=2006 |publisher=The Pennsylvania State University |date=2013-10-08 |first=Alicia |last=Fitzgerald}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q309206}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cambaridae]]
[[Category:Freshwater crustaceans of North America]]
[[Category:Decapod genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Wilhelm Ferdinand Erichson]]