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{{Short description|Hors d'œuvre}}
{{About|the food||Canape (disambiguation)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox food
| name             = Canapé
| image            = Ringier 175 Jahre Jubiläum (2499873203) (2).jpg
| image_size       = 250px
| caption          = Tray of canapés
| alternate_name   =
| country          = [[France]]
| region           =
| creator          =
| course           = [[Appetiser]]
| type             =
| served           =
| main_ingredient  = Base: one of [[Cracker (food)|crackers]], [[bread]], [[Toast (food)|toast]] or [[puff pastry]]<br />Topping: savoury [[butter]]s, [[Spread (food)|spreads]], or [[Paste (food)|pastes]]
| variations       = [[Amuse-bouche]], [[vol-au-vent]]
| calories         =
| other            =
}}
A '''canapé''' ({{IPA|fr|kanape|lang}}) is a type of starter, a small, prepared, and often decorative food, consisting of a small piece of [[bread]] (sometimes [[Toast (food)|toast]]ed) or cracker, wrapped or topped with some savoury food, held in the fingers and often eaten in one bite.
==Name==
The name comes from the [[French language|French]] word for [[couch|sofa]],<ref>James Beard, ''Hors d'Oeuvres and Canapés'' (William Morrow & Co., New York, 1943, 1963, 1985), p. xiii.</ref> drawing on the analogy that the garnish sits atop the bread as people do on a sofa.<ref>{{cite web |last=Olver |first=Lynne |author-link=Lynne Olver |website=[[The Food Timeline]] |title=Sandwiches |url=http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodsandwiches.html |access-date=21 December 2011}}</ref>
==Details==
[[File:Wild salmon canape by Chef Kevin Doherty.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Wild salmon canapé]]
Because they are often served during [[cocktail]] hours, it is often desired that a canapé be either salty or spicy, in order to encourage guests to drink more.
A canapé may also be referred to as [[finger food]], although not all finger foods are ''canapés''. [[Cracker (food)|Crackers]] or small slices of bread or toast or [[puff pastry]] are cut into various shapes, used as the base for savory butters or pastes, and often topped with other savory foods such as meat, cheese, fish, [[caviar]], ''[[foie gras]]'', [[purée]]s or [[relish]].
Traditionally, ''canapés'' are built on stale bread (although other foods such as puff pastry, crackers, or fresh vegetables may be used as a base) cut in thin slices and then shaped with a cutter or knife into circles, rings, squares, strips or triangles.  These are then [[deep fried]], [[sauté]]ed, or toasted, then topped or piped with highly processed and decoratively applied items. Colorful and eye-pleasing [[Garnish (food)|garnishes]] often complete the presentation.
The ''canapés'' are usually served on a canapé [[salver]] and eaten from small canapé plates.
==Composition==
The composition of a canapé consists of a base (e.g., the bread or pancake), a spread, a main item, and a [[garnish (food)|garnish]].
The spread is traditionally either a [[compound butter]], made by creaming butter with other ingredients such as ham or lobster, or a flavored [[cream cheese]]. Mayonnaise salads can also be prepared as spreads.
Common garnishes can range from finely chopped vegetables, [[scallion]]s, and herbs to [[caviar]] or [[truffle oil]].
According to ''Lowney's Cook Book'' (1912):
<blockquote>Canapés are made from white, graham, and [[brown bread]], sliced very thin and cut in various shapes. They may be dipped in melted butter, toasted or fried.</blockquote>
They could be served hot or cold, spread with [[anchovy paste|anchovy]], crab or [[caviar]] paste, served with garnishes like green and red peppers, paprika, and lemon juice.
Bread triangles can be sauteed in bacon fat, deep fried, or just buttered and browned in the oven.
Mustard can be use as a spread for canapés garnished with chopped bacon, grated cheese, or chopped olives.<ref>''Lowney's Cook Book'' (1912), p. 35</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Food}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Amuse-bouche]]
* [[Antipasto]]
* [[Hors d'œuvre]]
* [[List of hors d'oeuvre]]
* [[Meze]]
* [[Tapas]]
* [[Tea sandwich]]
* [[Vol-au-vent]]
* [[Zakuski]]
{{div col end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Sandwhich}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Canape}}
[[Category:Appetizers]]
[[Category:Bread dishes]]