View source for Cao'e River

{{Infobox river
| name               = Cao'e River
| native_name        ={{native name|zh|曹娥江}}
| name_other         = Shun River, Shangyu River, Shan Stream
| name_etymology     = [[Cao E]]
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| image              = Cao'e River View from Laobadi Dam 2014-08.jpg
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| subdivision_type1  = Country
| subdivision_name1  = [[China]]
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| subdivision_type5  = Cities
| subdivision_name5  = [[Shengzhou]], [[Shangyu]]
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<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->
| source1            = Dapan Mountains
| source1_location   = [[Pan'an County]]
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|29|7|20|N|120|38|5|E|display=inline}}
| source1_elevation  = {{convert|870|m|abbr=on}}
| mouth              = [[Hangzhou Bay]]
| mouth_location     = [[Shangyu]]
| mouth_coordinates  = {{coord|30|13|39.5|N|120|44|55.5|E|display=inline,title}}
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The '''Cao'e River''' ({{zh|c=曹娥江|p=Cáo'é Jiāng}}) is one of the largest rivers in [[Zhejiang]] Province of [[East China]], named after [[Cao E]], a [[Han dynasty]] girl venerated for her [[filial piety]]. Its main source is in [[Pan'an County]] in the Dapan Mountains, and the river empties into the [[Hangzhou Bay]] near the [[Qiantang River]] estuary. It has a total length of {{convert|182.4|km}}, and a basin area of {{convert|5930.9|km2}}.
==Names==
The Cao'e River is named after [[Cao E]] (130–143 AD), a [[Han dynasty]] girl who drowned herself in the river after her father had drowned and his body was lost. She came to be venerated as an exemplar of [[filial piety]].<ref name="Lagerwey">{{cite book|last1=Lagerwey|first1=John|last2=Kalinowski|first2=Marc|title=Early Chinese Religion: Part One: Shang Through Han (1250 BC-220 AD) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Idhyr1hqS0kC&pg=PA1034|date=24 December 2008|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-16835-0|page=1034}}</ref><ref name=zszs>{{cite web |url=http://www.zszs.cn/slwm/2010/07/15/101339.htm |script-title=zh:逐水而行 探浙江八大水系--曹娥江篇 |trans-title=Eight largest river systems of Zhejiang – Cao'e River |work=Mountains and Rivers of Zhejiang |date=15 July 2010 |access-date=14 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423072037/http://www.zszs.cn/slwm/2010/07/15/101339.htm |archive-date=23 April 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In ancient times, the river was called the '''Shun River''' (舜江), after the legendary [[Emperor Shun]], and its estuary was called Dong Xiao Jiang (东小江, East Small River). Its upper stretch is called the '''Chengtan River''' (澄潭江), and the river is also called '''Shanxi''' or '''Shan Creek''' (剡溪) near [[Shengzhou]], and '''Shangyu River''' in [[Shangyu District]].<ref name=zszs/>
==Course==
The Cao'e River begins from the Jiangongling Mountain (尖公岭, elevation 870 meters) of the Dapan Mountains (大盘山脉). Its source, Tengxi or Teng Creek (藤溪), is located in Wangcun Village, Shanghu Town, [[Pan'an County]]. The upper stretch is called the Chengtan River, which flows northeast through Jingling Town, Chengtan Town, and southern [[Shengzhou]], for 91 kilometres. The Chengtan River is joined by the [[Xinchang River]] in Shengzhou. After the confluence the river is called Cao'e, and is then joined by the [[Changle River]] on the left, and the [[Huangze River]] on the right. After it enters Shangyu District, the Cao'e River is joined by the Xiaguan Creek (下管溪) in Zhangzhen, and then the [[Xiaoshun River]] in Shangpu (上浦). It is then crossed by several canals including the [[Eastern Zhejiang Canal|Zhedong (East Zhejiang) Canal]], before emptying into the [[Hangzhou Bay]]. It has a total length of {{convert|182.4| km}}, and a basin area of {{convert|5930.9|km2}}.<ref name=zszs/>
==Main tributaries==
The Chengtan River, the main source of Cao'e, is often considered a tributary. It is {{convert|91|km}} long and has a basin area of {{convert|865|km2}}.<ref name=zszs/>
The [[Xinchang River]] is {{convert|52.5|km}} long and has a basin area of {{convert|535|km2}}. It originates in [[Tiantai County]].<ref name=zszs/>
The [[Changle River]] is {{convert|70.5|km}} long and has a basin area of {{convert|864|km2}}. It originates in [[Dongyang]] and joins the Cao'e River in downtown Shengzhou.<ref name=zszs/>
The [[Huangze River]] is {{convert|70.6|km}} long and has a basin area of {{convert|577|km2}}. It originates from the Xiabo Peak on the border of [[Ninghai]] and [[Xinchang]] counties.<ref name=zszs/>
The [[Xiaoshun River]] is {{convert|73|km}} long and has a basin area of {{convert|544|km2}}. Its two main sources, South Creek and North Creek, are in Shengzhou and [[Shaoxing County]], respectively.<ref name=zszs/>
==Tourism==
[[File:Caoe_Temple_09_2014-08.JPG|thumb|Cao E Temple, located on the bank of the Cao'e River in Shangyu]]
A {{convert|40|km2}} area of the Cao'e River basin in Shangyu is a provincial scenic area of Zhejiang. It was a popular destination for travelling poets during the [[Tang dynasty]]. A major attraction is the [[Cao'e Temple]], built in the [[Song dynasty]] (960–1279) to commemorate the filial daughter. It has many historical carvings and boards inscribed with [[calligraphy]] from famous people. It has been called the "No. 1 temple of [[Jiangnan]]". Other sights include the hometown of [[Zhu Yingtai]] and the hermitage of the renowned [[Eastern Jin]] Prime Minister [[Xie An]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://scenic.cthy.com/scenic-10681/about.html |script-title=zh:曹娥江风景名胜区 |trans-title=Cao'e River Scenic Area |publisher=China Tourism Information |accessdate=13 May 2015}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E5%A8%A5%E6%B1%9F Cao'e River] on [[Baidu Baike]] {{in lang|zh}}
{{Subject bar|book=no|portal1=Rivers|portal2=China/Categories|portal3=|portal4=|portal5=|commons=yes|commons-search=Category:Cao'e-river|d=yes}}
{{China Rivers}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Rivers of Zhejiang]]
[[Category:Shaoxing]]
[[Category:Jinhua]]
[[Category:Shangyu]]