View source for Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry

{{Short description|Scottish nobleman, extensive landowner, Privy Counsellor and Vice Admiral of Scotland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{EngvarB|date=November 2018}}
[[File:Lord Queensbury.jpg|thumb|right|3rd Duke of Queensberry by [[Thomas Hudson (painter)|Thomas Hudson]], after 1750]]
[[File:Queensberry House, Canongate Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|[[Queensberry House]], Canongate, Edinburgh]]
'''Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry, 2nd Duke of Dover''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|PC}} (24 November 1698{{snd}}22 October 1778<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PFM4AAAAMAAJ|title=Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African ...: To which are Prefixed, Memoirs of His Life ...|last1=Sancho|first1=Ignatius|last2=Jekyll|first2=Joseph|date=1782|publisher=J. Nichols|language=en}}</ref>) was a Scottish nobleman, extensive landowner, [[Privy Council of Great Britain|Privy Counsellor]] and [[Vice Admiral of Scotland]].
==Life==
Charles was born in [[Queensberry House]] in [[Edinburgh]] on 24 November 1698,<ref>Cassell's Old and New Edinburgh vol. III p.37</ref> the younger son of [[James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry]], 1st Duke of Dover, and his wife Mary Boyle, daughter of [[Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan]],{{cn|date=October 2020}}
On 17 June 1706, while still a child, Charles was created in his own right '''Lord Douglas of Lockerbie, Dalveen and Thornhill''', '''Viscount of Tiberris''' and '''Earl of Solway.''' In 1711, he succeeded his father as Duke of Queensberry, superseding his mentally ill older brother [[James Douglas, 3rd Marquess of Queensberry|James Douglas]]. This happened because, in view of James being insane, the crown had granted a [[Charter of novodamus|novodamus]] which excluded him from the succession to the Dukedom, but left James the Scottish Marquessate of the same name ([[Marquess of Queensberry|Queensberry]]).<ref>{{cite book|last=Lodge|first=Edmund|authorlink= Edmund Lodge |title=The Genealogy of the Existing British Peerage: With Sketches of the Family Histories of the Nobility|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CKxCAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA399|year=1842|publisher=Saunders|page=399}}</ref> In any case, the insane James died in 1715, at which point the Duke inherited the Marquessate as well, becoming 4th Marquess of Queensberry.
In 1746, the Duke of Queensberry invested in the [[British Linen Bank|British Linen Company]] as one of the original proprietors, hoping to aid the development of the Scottish economy through the manufacturing of [[linen]] to be sold to the American colonies and Caribbean plantations.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Durie|first=Alastair J.|title=The Scottish Linen Industry 1707-1775 with particular reference to the early history of the British Linen Company|publisher=University of Edinburgh|year=1973|location=Edinburgh|pages=209}}</ref> In 1762, after the death of [[Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll|Archibald Campbell]], [[Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll|3rd Duke of Argyll]], Queensberry became the Governor of the company until 1776.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Malcom|first=Charles|title=The History of the British Linen Bank|year=1950|location=Edinburgh|pages=201}}</ref> The period was one of turmoil and restructuring, as the directors of the company decided to stop manufacturing linen from factories owned in the Highlands and turn to financing independent manufacturers to continue their trade. It was an important moment in the history of Scottish finance and the future of the company.
He was a founding governor of London's [[Foundling Hospital]], created in 1739. He was appointed [[Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland]] in 1761 and was [[Lord Justice General]] from 1763 until his death in 1778. Queensberry was one of many who had lost heavily from the failure of the [[Ayr Bank|Douglas Heron and Co]] Bank in 1776.<ref name=":0" />  As his sons predeceased him, leaving him without heirs, his English titles, including the dukedom of Dover, became extinct, but the Queensberry title passed to his cousin, [[William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry|William Douglas]].<ref name="EB1911"/>
==Family==
On 10 March 1720 he married [[Catherine Douglas, Duchess of Queensberry|Lady Catherine Hyde]], a daughter of [[Henry Hyde, 4th Earl of Clarendon]]. They had two sons, who both predeceased him:{{cn|date=October 2020}}
* [[Henry Douglas, Earl of Drumlanrig]] (1722–1754)
* Charles Douglas, Earl of Drumlanrig (1726–1756)
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Cite DNB|wstitle=Douglas, Charles (1698-1778)|display=Douglas, Charles|volume=15|pages=288-289|first=Alsager Richard|last=Vian}}
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[[Category:1698 births]]
[[Category:1778 deaths]]
[[Category:Nobility from Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain]]
[[Category:Dukes of Queensberry|103]]
[[Category:House of Douglas and Angus|Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry]]
[[Category:Keepers of the Great Seal of Scotland]]
[[Category:Lords Justice-General]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Marquesses of Queensberry]]
[[Category:Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England]]
[[Category:Dukes of Dover|2]]
[[Category:Peers of Scotland created by Queen Anne]]<!--in 1706, as Earl of Solway-->
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