View source for Cladida

{{Short description|Parvclass of crinoids}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Cladida
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Ordovician|recent|ref=}}
| image = Ulrichicrinus coryphaeus.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Ulrichicrinus coryphaeus]]'', a eucladid from the [[Mississippian (geology)|Mississippian]]-age [[Edwardsville Formation]]
| taxon = Cladida
| authority = [[Raymond Cecil Moore|Moore]] and [[Lowell Robert Laudon|Laudon]] (1943)<ref>Evolution and Classification of Paleozoic Crinoids, Raymond Cecil Moore, Lowell Robert Laudon, 1943</ref>
| display_parents = 2
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups
| subdivision =
*†[[Porocrinoidea]]
*†[[Flexibilia]]
*'''Eucladida'''
**†[[Ampelocrinida]]
**†[[Cyathoformes]]
**[[Articulata (Crinoidea)|Articulata]]
}}
'''Cladida''' is a major subgroup of [[crinoid]]s with a complicated taxonomic history. Cladida was originally applied to a wide assortment of extinct crinoids with a dicyclic calyx. Under this original definition, cladids would represent a [[paraphyletic]] order ancestral to several other major crinoid groups, particularly the living [[Articulata (Crinoidea)|Articulata]]. More recently, Cladida has been redefined as a [[monophyletic]] parvclass of [[Pentacrinoidea|pentacrinoid]]s which encompasses articulates and the extinct [[Flexibilia]] (flexibles). Cladids also include various minor taxa such as the [[Hybocrinida|hybocrinids]] and "[[Cyathocrinida|cyathocrines]]". As flexibles were not originally considered cladids, the new subgroup '''Eucladida''' has been erected for cladids which are more derived than flexibles. Cladida is the [[sister group]] to [[Disparida]], another large group of extinct crinoids.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Wright |first=David F. |last2=Ausich |first2=William I. |last3=Cole |first3=Selina R. |last4=Peter |first4=Mark E. |last5=Rhenberg |first5=Elizabeth C. |date=2017 |title=Phylogenetic taxonomy and classification of the Crinoidea (Echinodermata) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022336016001426/type/journal_article |journal=Journal of Paleontology |language=en |volume=91 |issue=4 |pages=829–846 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2016.142 |issn=0022-3360|doi-access=free }}</ref>
== Taxonomy ==
* Parvclass Cladida
** Superorder †[[Porocrinoidea]]
*** Order †[[Hybocrinida]]
*** Order †[[Porocrinida]]
** Superorder †[[Flexibilia]]
*** Order †[[Sagenocrinida]]
*** Order †[[Taxocrinida]]
** Magnorder '''Eucladida'''
*** †[[Ampelocrinida]] (''[[incertae sedis]]'')
*** Superorder †[[Cyathoformes]]<ref name=":0" /> ("primitive cladids")''<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Wright |first=David F. |date=2017-10-23 |title=Phenotypic Innovation and Adaptive Constraints in the Evolutionary Radiation of Palaeozoic Crinoids |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-13979-9 |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=13745 |doi=10.1038/s41598-017-13979-9 |issn=2045-2322|doi-access=free |pmc=5653864 }}</ref>''
**** †"[[Cyathocrinida]]"<ref name=":0" />
**** †"[[Dendrocrinida]]"<ref name=":0" /> [in part]
**** †''[[Poteriocrinites]]<ref name=":1" />''
*** [[Articuliformes]] ("intermediate and advanced cladids")<ref name=":1" />
**** †"[[Poteriocrinida]]" [in part]<ref name=":1" />
**** †"[[Dendrocrinida]]" [in part]<ref name=":1" />
**** Superorder [[Articulata (Crinoidea)|Articulata]]
***** Order †[[Encrinida]]
***** Order †[[Holocrinida]]
***** Order †[[Millericrinida]]
***** Order †[[Roveacrinida]]
***** Order †[[Uintacrinida]]
***** Order [[Comatulida]]
***** Order [[Cyrtocrinida]]
***** Order [[Hyocrinida]]
***** Order [[Isocrinida]]
==List of genera==
* ''[[Aaglacrinus]]''
* ''[[Aatocrinus]]''
* ''[[Abrachiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Acariaiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Achradocrinus]]''
* ''[[Acylocrinus]]''
* ''[[Adinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Aenigmocrinus]]''
* ''[[Agassizocrinacea]]''
* ''[[Agassizocrinoidea]]''
* ''[[Agassizocrinus]]''
* ''[[Aithriocrinus]]''
* ''[[Alcimocrinus]]''
* ''[[Allosycocrinus]]''
* ''[[Alsopocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ampelocrinida]]''
* ''[[Ampheristocrinus]]''
* ''[[Amphipsalidocrinus]]''
* ''[[Anarchocrinus]]''
* ''[[Anartiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ancyrocrinus]]''
* ''[[Anemetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Antihomocrinus]]''
* ''[[Apektocrinidae]]''
* ''[[Arachnocrinus]]''
* ''[[Araeocrinus]]''
* ''[[Armenocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ascetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Asymmetrocrinus]]''
* ''[[Atelestocrinus]]''
* ''[[Atractocrinus]]''
* ''[[Atrapocrinus]]''
* ''[[Atremacrinus]]''
* ''[[Aulocrinus]]''
* ''[[Aulodesocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bactrocrinites]]''
* ''[[Basleocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bathericrinus]]''
* ''[[Belanskicrinus]]''
* ''[[Benthocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bicidiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bolbocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bollandocrinus]]''
* ''[[Botryocrinidae]]''
* ''[[Brabeocrinus]]''
* ''[[Briseocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bronaughocrinus]]''
* ''[[Brychiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Bursacrinus]]''
* ''[[Cadocrinus]]''
* ''[[Caelocrinus]]''
* ''[[Carcinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Carlopsocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cathetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ceratocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cercidocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cestocrinus]]''
* ''[[Clathrocrinus]]''
* ''[[Clistocrinus]]''
* ''[[Codiacrinus]]''
* ''[[Coenocystis]]''
* ''[[Contignatindocrinus]]''
* ''[[Corematocrinus]]''
* ''[[Corynecrinus]]''
* ''[[Corythocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cradeocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cranocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cricocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cromyocrinacea]]''
* ''[[Cromyocrinus]]''
* ''[[Crotalocrinites]]''
* ''[[Cryphiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Culmicrinus]]''
* ''[[Cyathocrinacea]]''
* ''[[Cydrocrinus]]''
* ''[[Cyliocrinus]]''
* ''[[Dasciocrinus]]''
* ''[[Denariocrinus]]''
* ''[[Dendrocrinina]]''
* ''[[Depaocrinus]]''
* ''[[Derbiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Dichostreblocrinus]]''
* ''[[Dictenocrinus]]''
* ''[[Dinotocrinus]]''
* ''[[Edapocrinus]]''
* ''[[Eifelocrinus]]''
* ''[[Eirmocrinus]]''
* ''[[Elicrinus]]''
* ''[[Enallocrinus]]''
* ''[[Eopilidiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Epipetschoracrinus]]''
* ''[[Eratocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ethelocrinus]]''
* ''[[Eucladida]]''
* ''[[Euerisocrinus]]''
* ''[[Eupachycrinus]]''
* ''[[Euspirocrinus]]''
* ''[[Exaetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Exochocrinus]]''
* ''[[Exoriocrinus]]''
* ''[[Exterocrinus]]''
* ''[[Fifeocrinus]]''
* ''[[Flexibilia]]''
* ''[[Follicrinus]]''
* ''[[Forthocrinus]]''
* ''[[Gastrocrinus]]''
* ''[[Goniocrinus]]''
* ''[[Gothocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hallocrinus]]''
* ''[[Harmostocrinus]]''
* ''[[Harrellicrinus]]''
* ''[[Hemiindocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hemimollocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hemistreptacron]]''
* ''[[Holcocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hosieocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hydreionocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hydriocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hydroporocrinus]]''
* ''[[Hylodecrinus]]''
* ''[[Idaeumocrinus]]''
* ''[[Idosocrinus]]''
* ''[[Imitatocrinus]]''
* ''[[Indocrinus]]''
* ''[[Intermediacrinus]]''
* ''[[Jahnocrinus]]''
* ''[[Kalpidocrinus]]''
* ''[[Kanabinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Kansacrinus]]''
* ''[[Kooptoonocrinus]]''
* ''[[Kopficrinus]]''
* ''[[Kophinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Laccocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lageniocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lanecrinus]]''
* ''[[Lasiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Laudonocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lebetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lecythocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lekocrinus]]''
* ''[[Linobrachiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Linocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lobalocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lopadiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Lophocrinacea]]''
* ''[[Lophocrinus]]''
* ''[[Malaiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Manicrinus]]''
* ''[[Mantikosocrinus]]''
* ''[[Maragnicrinus]]''
* ''[[Marathonocrinus]]''
* ''[[Mathericrinus]]''
* ''[[Menniscocrinus]]''
* ''[[Metaffinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Metasycocrinus]]''
* ''[[Miatschkovocrinus]]''
* ''[[Mictocrinus]]''
* ''[[Moapocrinus]]''
* ''[[Mollocrinus]]''
* ''[[Monobrachiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Mooreocrinus]]''
* ''[[Moscovicrinus]]''
* ''[[Myrtillocrinus]]''
* ''[[Nacocrinus]]''
* ''[[Nactocrinus]]''
* ''[[Nanocrinus]]''
* ''[[Nassoviocrinus]]''
* ''[[Neocatacrinus]]''
* ''[[Neolageniocrinus]]''
* ''[[Nereocrinus]]''
* ''[[Notiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Nuxocrinus]]''
* ''[[Oligobrachyocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ophiurocrinus]]''
* ''[[Oxynocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pagecrinus]]''
* ''[[Paianocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parabotryocrinus]]''
* ''[[Paracosmetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Paracydonocrinus]]''
* ''[[Paradelocrinus]]''
* ''[[Paragraphiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parapernerocrinus]]''
* ''[[Paraplasocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parascytalocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parastachyocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parastephanocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parasycocrinus]]''
* ''[[Paratimorocidaris]]''
* ''[[Parazeacrinites]]''
* ''[[Parindocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parisangulocrinus]]''
* ''[[Parisocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pegocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pelecocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pellecrinus]]''
* ''[[Pentaramicrinus]]''
* ''[[Pentececrinus]]''
* ''[[Permiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pernerocrinus]]''
* ''[[Petalambicrinus]]''
* ''[[Petschoracrinus]]''
* ''[[Phanocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pilidiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pirasocrinus]]''
* ''[[Platyfundocrinus]]''
* ''[[Polygonocrinus]]''
* ''[[Porocrinoidea]]''
* ''[[Poteriocrinitina]]''
* ''[[Premanicrinus]]''
* ''[[Prininocrinus]]''
* ''[[Proampelocrinus]]''
* ''[[Probletocrinus]]''
* ''[[Prochoidiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Proctothylacocrinus]]''
* ''[[Proindocrinus]]''
* ''[[Prolobocrinus]]''
* ''[[Psilocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pskovicrinus]]''
* ''[[Pulaskicrinus]]''
* ''[[Pumilindocrinus]]''
* ''[[Pyrenocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ramulocrinus]]''
* ''[[Retusocrinus]]''
* ''[[Rhabdocrinus]]''
* ''[[Rhadinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Rhenocrinus]]''
* ''[[Rhopalocrinus]]''
* ''[[Rhopocrinus]]''
* ''[[Rimosidocrinus]]''
* ''[[Roemerocrinus]]''
* ''[[Saccosompsis]]''
* ''[[Sardinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Sarocrinus]]''
* ''[[Scammatocrinus]]''
* ''[[Schedexocrinus]]''
* ''[[Schistocrinus]]''
* ''[[Schultzicrinus]]''
* ''[[Scoliocrinus]]''
* ''[[Scotiacrinus]]''
* ''[[Sellardsicrinus]]''
* ''[[Separocrinus]]''
* ''[[Sigambrocrinus]]''
* ''[[Simocrinus]]''
* ''[[Sphaerocrinus]]''
* ''[[Springericrinus]]''
* ''[[Stachyocrinus]]''
* ''[[Staphylocrinus]]''
* ''[[Stinocrinus]]''
* ''[[Streblocrinus]]''
* ''[[Streptocrinus]]''
* ''[[Sublobalocrinus]]''
* ''[[Sycocrinites]]''
* ''[[Syndetocrinus]]''
* ''[[Tarachiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Telikosocrinus]]''
* ''[[Tenagocrinus]]''
* ''[[Terpnocrinus]]''
* ''[[Tetrabrachiocrinus]]''
* ''[[Tetrapleurocrinus]]''
* ''[[Texacrinacea]]''
* ''[[Thalamocrinus]]''
* ''[[Thenarocrinus]]''
* ''[[Thetidicrinus]]''
* ''[[Tholocrinus]]''
* ''[[Thyridocrinus]]''
* ''[[Timorechinus]]''
* ''[[Treocrinus]]''
* ''[[Trimerocrinus]]''
* ''[[Tyrieocrinus]]''
* ''[[Ulrichicrinus]]''
* ''[[Ureocrinus]]''
* ''[[Vasocrinus]]''
* ''[[Wetherbyocrinus]]''
* ''[[Woodocrinus]]''
* ''[[Worthenocrinus]]''
* ''[[Yakovlevicrinus]]''
* ''[[Zeacrinitacea]]''
* ''[[Zeacrinites]]''
* ''[[Zeusocrinus]]''
* ''[[Zostocrinus]]''
* ''[[Zygotocrinus]]''
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Commons}}<!---->
*[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=32021 Cladida] in the [[Paleobiology Database]]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q16948957}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cladida| ]]
[[Category:Early Ordovician first appearances]]
[[Category:Crinoidea]]
{{paleo-crinoidea-stub}}