View source for Comune

{{Short description|Third-level administrative division of Italy}}
{{Redirect|Comunes|the non-profit collective|Comunes Collective||Commune (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Italics title}}
{{Infobox subdivision type
| name               = Municipalities of Italy<br />{{native name|it|Comuni}}
| alt_name           =
| map                =
| category           = [[Regional state|Regionalised unitary state]]
| territory          = [[Italy|Italian Republic]]
| start_date         =
| current_number     = 7,896
| number_date        =
| population_range   = 33 ([[Morterone]]) – 2,754,039 ([[Rome]])
| area_range         = {{Convert|0.1206|sqkm|abbr=on}} ([[Atrani]]) –<br>{{Convert|1,287.36|sqkm|abbr=on}} ([[Rome]])
| government         = Comunal Government, Provincial Government, Regional Government, [[Government of Italy|National Government]]
| subdivision        = {{lang|it|[[Frazione|Frazioni]]}}, {{Lang|it|[[Circoscrizione|circoscrizioni]]}} and {{lang|it|[[Municipio|municipi]]}}
}}
[[File:Italy - Regions, provinces and municipalities.svg|thumb|upright=1.4|'''[[Italy#Administrative divisions|Administrative divisions of Italy]]''':<br />[[Regions of Italy|Regions]] (black borders)<br />[[Provinces of Italy|Provinces]] (dark gray borders)<br />{{lang|it|Comuni}} (light grey borders)]]
A '''{{lang|it|comune}}''' ({{IPA|it|koˈmuːne|lang}}; {{plural form}}: {{lang|it|comuni}}, {{IPA|it|koˈmuːni|lang}}) is an [[administrative division]] of [[Italy]], roughly equivalent to a [[township]] or [[municipality]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.italyheritage.com/regions/italian-communes/|title=Italian communes ordered alphabetically|access-date=3 May 2022}}</ref> It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ({{lang|it|[[Regions of Italy|regioni]]}}) and provinces ({{lang|it|[[Provinces of Italy|province]]}}). The {{lang|it|comune}} can also have the [[City status in Italy|title of]] {{lang|it|città}} ({{literally|city}}).<ref name="camera">{{cite web|url=https://web.camera.it/parlam/leggi/deleghe/testi/00267dl.htm|title=Testo unico delle leggi sull'ordinamento degli enti locali|access-date=4 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
Formed {{lang|it|[[praeter legem]]}} according to the principles consolidated in [[Medieval commune|medieval municipalities]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/consuetudine_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|title=CONSUETUDINE|access-date=6 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> the {{lang|it|comune}} is provided for by article 114 of the [[Constitution of Italy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/istituzione/la-costituzione/parte-ii/titolo-v/articolo-114|title=La Costituzione - Articolo 114|access-date=6 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> It can be divided into {{lang|it|[[Frazione|frazioni]]}}, which in turn may have limited power due to special elective assemblies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comune.sondalo.so.it/sites/default/files/2019-11/dec_00015_14-11-2019%20-%20elezioni%20comm_frazioni.pdf|title=DECRETO N. 15 DEL 14/11/2019|access-date=6 May 2022|language=it|archive-date=14 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514112403/https://www.comune.sondalo.so.it/sites/default/files/2019-11/dec_00015_14-11-2019%20-%20elezioni%20comm_frazioni.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In the autonomous region of the [[Aosta Valley]], a {{lang|it|comune}} is officially called a {{lang|fr|commune}} in French.
== Overview ==
The {{lang|it|comune}} provides essential public services: [[Civil registry|registry]] of births and deaths, [[registry of deeds]], and maintenance of local roads and public works.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.diritto.it/gli-adempimenti-degli-uffici-anagrafe/#:~:text=Specifico%20compito%20dell'ufficiale%20di,la%20tenuta%20degli%20atti%20anagrafici.|title=Gli adempimenti degli uffici Anagrafe|date=25 October 2007 |access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brocardi.it/codice-della-strada/titolo-ii/capo-i/art14.html|title=Poteri e compiti degli enti proprietari delle strade|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comune.modena.it/amministrazione/aree-amministrative/settore-lavori-pubblici-e-manutenzione-della-citta|title=Settore Lavori pubblici e manutenzione della città|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> Many {{lang|it|comuni}} have a {{lang|it|[[Municipal police (Italy)|Polizia Comunale]]}} ({{literally|Communal Police}}), which is responsible for public order duties.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.laleggepertutti.it/422229_cosa-fa-polizia-locale|title=Cosa fa polizia locale|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> The {{lang|it|comune}} also deal with the definition and compliance with the {{lang|it|piano regolatore generale}} ({{literally|general regulator plan}}), a document that regulates the building activity within the communal area.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comune.pordenone.it/it/comune/comunicazione/pordenone-piu-facile/prgc/che-cose-un-piano-regolatore|title=Che cos'è un piano regolatore?|access-date=6 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
All communal structures or schools, sports and cultural structures such as communal libraries, theaters, etc. are managed by the {{lang|it|comuni}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comune.lissone.mb.it/Ufficio-Cultura|title=Cultura|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> {{lang|it|Comuni}} must have their own communal statute and have a climatic and seismic classification of their territory for the purposes of hazard mitigation and [[civil protection]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://protezionecivile.comune.prato.it/|title=Protezione Civile del Comune di Prato|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> {{lang|it|Comuni}} also deal with the [[waste management]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuttoambiente.it/commenti-premium/i-comuni-per-i-rifiuti-prodotti-nel-proprio-territorio-a-quali-vincoli-normativi-sono-soggetti-in-merito-a-raccolta-e-trasporto/|title=I Comuni, per i rifiuti prodotti nel proprio territorio, a quali vincoli normativi sono soggetti in merito a raccolta e trasporto?|access-date=6 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
It is headed by a [[mayor#Italy|mayor]] ({{lang|it|sindaco}} or {{lang|it|sindaca}}) assisted by a legislative body, the {{lang|it|consiglio comunale}} ({{literally|communal council}}), and an executive body, the {{lang|it|giunta comunale}} ({{literally|communal committee}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comune.vicenza.it/amministrazione/trasparente.php/organizzazione/organi_di_indirizzo_politico-amministrativo/consiglieri_comunali/funzioni_e_competenze_del_consiglio_comunale#:~:text=In%20linea%20generale%2C%20mentre%20al,di%20controllo%20e%20di%20verifica.|title=Funzioni e competenze del consiglio comunale|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it|archive-date=26 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826170233/https://www.comune.vicenza.it/amministrazione/trasparente.php/organizzazione/organi_di_indirizzo_politico-amministrativo/consiglieri_comunali/funzioni_e_competenze_del_consiglio_comunale#:~:text=In%20linea%20generale%2C%20mentre%20al,di%20controllo%20e%20di%20verifica.|url-status=dead}}</ref> The mayor and members of the {{lang|it|consiglio comunale}} are elected together by resident citizens: the coalition of the elected mayor (who needs a relative majority or an absolute majority in the first or second round of voting, depending on the population) gains three fifths of the {{lang|it|consiglio}}'s seats.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scienzepolitiche.unical.it/bacheca/archivio/materiale/766/politica,%20legittimit%C3%A0,%20consenso/politica,%20legittimit%C3%A08.ppt|title=SISTEMA ELETTORALE COMUNI|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
The {{lang|it|giunta comunale}} is chaired by the mayor, who appoints others members, called {{lang|it|[[assessor (Italy)|assessori]]}}, one of whom serves as deputy mayor ({{lang|it|vicesindaco}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://governo.comune.prato.it/it/giunta/funzioni-giunta/pagina47.html|title=Funzioni della Giunta|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it|archive-date=26 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626104632/https://governo.comune.prato.it/it/giunta/funzioni-giunta/pagina47.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The offices of the {{lang|it|comune}} are housed in a building usually called the {{lang|it|municipio}}, or {{lang|it|palazzo comunale}} ({{literally|[[town hall]]}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/municipio_%28Sinonimi-e-Contrari%29/#:~:text=%5Bpalazzo%20in%20cui%20hanno%20sede,o%20di%20citt%C3%A0%20o%20municipale).&text=munic%C3%ACpio%20s.%20m.%20%5Bdal%20lat.,di%20cap%C4%95re%20%C2%ABassumere%C2%BB%5D.|title=Municipio|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
As of January 2021, there were 7,904 {{lang|it|comuni}} in Italy;<ref name="comuni">{{cite news|title=Regioni italiane|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/regioni/|access-date=30 April 2022|language=it}}</ref> they vary considerably in size and population. For example, the {{lang|it|comune}} of [[Rome]], in [[Lazio]], has an area of {{convert|1,287.36|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} and a population of 2,758,454 inhabitants, and is both the largest and the most populated.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globalgeografia.com/italia/curiosita_comuni_italiani.htm|title=Alcune curiosità sui comuni italiani|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
[[File:Mural Crown of Italian Comune (New Variant).svg|thumb|[[Mural crown]] for the title of {{lang|it|comune}}. It is located in the upper part of the coat of arms of the {{lang|it|comune}}.]]
[[Atrani]] in the [[province of Salerno]] ([[Campania]]) was the smallest {{lang|it|comune}} by area, with only {{convert|0.1206|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://storienapoli.it/2021/03/15/atrani-piu-piccolo-comune-italiano/|title=Atrani: le tante facce del più piccolo comune italiano|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208163132/https://storienapoli.it/2021/03/15/atrani-piu-piccolo-comune-italiano/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Morterone]] ([[Lombardy]]) is the smallest by population.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leccotoday.it/notizie/morterone-abitanti-2021.html#:~:text=In%20questi%20termini%2C%20il%20comune,diffusi%20oggi%2C%20marted%C3%AC%2015%20dicembre.|title=Comune che "vince" non si cambia: 29 abitanti, Morterone è ancora il più piccolo d'Italia|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> Many present-day {{lang|it|comuni}} trace their roots along timescales spanning centuries and at times millennia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.studenti.it/eta-dei-comuni-nascita-e-sviluppo-tra-1200-e-1300.html|title=I comuni nel Medioevo: nascita e sviluppo tra 1200 e 1300|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.capitolivm.it/architettura-romana/il-modello-cittadino-in-epoca-romana/|title=Il modello cittadino in epoca romana|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
The northernmost {{lang|it|comune}} is [[Predoi]], the southernmost one [[Lampedusa e Linosa]], the westernmost [[Bardonecchia]] and the easternmost [[Otranto]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lastampa.it/viaggi/italia/2017/11/27/news/luoghi-d-italia-da-primato-1.34392369/|title=Luoghi d'Italia da primato|date=27 November 2017 |access-date=6 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> The {{lang|it|comune}} with the longest name is [[San Valentino in Abruzzo Citeriore]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.comuni-italiani.it/nomi/lunghi/|title=Comuni con i nomi più lunghi|access-date=1 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412051710/http://www.comuni-italiani.it/nomi/lunghi/|archive-date=12 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> while the {{lang|it|comuni}} with the shortest name are [[Lu, Piedmont|Lu]], [[Ro, Emilia-Romagna|Ro]], [[Ne, Liguria|Ne]], [[Re, Piedmont|Re]] and [[Vo']].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.comuniweb.it/dati/curiosita.htm#:~:text=Il%20Comune%20con%20il%20nome,e%20Vo%20(in%20Veneto).|title=Curiosità e nomi particolari|access-date=6 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
The population density of the {{lang|it|comuni}} varies widely by [[Provinces of Italy|province]] and [[Regions of Italy|region]]. The [[province of Barletta-Andria-Trani]], for example, has 381,091 inhabitants in 10 {{lang|it|comuni}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuttitalia.it/puglia/provincia-di-barletta-andria-trani/|title=Provincia di Barletta-Andria-Trani|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> or over 39,000 inhabitants per {{lang|it|comune}}; whereas the [[province of Isernia]] has 81,415 inhabitants in 52&nbsp;{{lang|it|comuni}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuttitalia.it/molise/provincia-di-isernia/|title=Provincia di Isernia|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> or 1,640&nbsp;inhabitants per {{lang|it|comune}}—roughly 24 times more communal units per inhabitant.
The coats of arms of the {{lang|it|comuni}} are assigned by decree of the [[Prime Minister of Italy]] by the Office of State Ceremonial and Honors, Honors and Heraldry Service (division of the Presidency of the Council born from the transformation of the Royal {{lang|it|[[Consulta Araldica]]}}, eliminated pursuant to the provisions final of the [[Constitution of Italy]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://presidenza.governo.it/onorificenze_araldica/araldica/servizio_araldica.html|title=Ufficio del cerimoniale di Stato e per le Onorificenze|access-date=4 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
== Subdivisions ==
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; border: 2px solid #BBB; margin: .6em 0 0 .8em;"
|+ Number of {{lang|it|comuni}} and population in Italy<ref name="comuni"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Comuni dal 1861|url=http://www.comuniverso.it/index.cfm?menu=12|website=www.comuniverso.it|access-date=19 March 2017}}</ref>
|-
! Year !! Number !! Population !! Pop/{{lang|it|Comune}}
|-
| 1861||7,720||22,171,946||2,872
|-
| 1871||8,383||27,295,509||3,256
|-
| 1881||8,260||28,951,546||3,505
|-
| 1901||8,263||32,963,316||3,989
|-
| 1911||8,324||35,841,563||4,306
|-
| 1921||9,195||39,396,757||4,285
|-
| 1931||7,311||41,043,489||5,614
|-
| 1936||7,339||42,398,489||5,777
|-
| 1951||7,810||47,515,537||6,084
|-
| 1961||8,035||50,623,569||6,300
|-
| 1971||8,056||54,136,547||6,720
|-
| 1981||8,086||56,556,911||6,994
|-
| 1991||8,100||56,885,336||7,023
|-
| 2001||8,101||56,995,744||7,036
|-
| 2011||8,092||59,433,744||7,345
|-
| 2021||7,904||59,236,213||7,494
|}
Administrative subdivisions within {{lang|it|comuni}} vary according to their population size.
{{lang|it|Comuni}} with at least 250,000 residents are divided into {{lang|it|[[Circoscrizione|circoscrizioni]]}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brocardi.it/testo-unico-enti-locali/parte-i/titolo-ii/capo-i/art17.html|title=Circoscrizioni di decentramento comunale|access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> (roughly equivalent to French [[Municipal arrondissements of France|arrondissements]] or [[London borough]]s) to which the {{lang|it|comune}} delegates administrative functions such as the running of schools, social services and waste collection; the delegated functions vary from {{lang|it|comune}} to {{lang|it|comune}}. These bodies are headed by an elected president and a local council.
Smaller {{lang|it|comuni}} usually comprise:
* A main city, town or village, that almost always gives its name to the {{lang|it|comune}}; such a place is referred to as the {{lang|it|capoluogo}} ({{literally|head-place|capital}}; {{abbrlink|cf.|confer}} the [[France|French]] {{lang|it|[[chef-lieu#In France|chef-lieu]]}}) of the {{lang|it|comune}}; the word {{lang|it|comune}} is also used in casual speech to refer to the city hall.
* Outlying areas often called {{lang|it|[[frazione|frazioni]]}} ({{singular}}: {{lang|it|frazione}}, abbreviated: {{lang|it|fraz.}}; {{literally|fraction}})<!-- To be checked. Not in every {{lang|it|comune}} the outlying areas are divided in {{lang|it|frazioni}}. And also in {{lang|it|comuni}} with {{lang|it|frazioni} not every area outside the main town is a {{lang|it|frazione}}. It's all up to the {{lang|it|comune}}'s statute. -->, each usually centred on a small town or village. These {{lang|it|frazioni}} usually never had pasts as independent settlements, but occasionally are former smaller {{lang|it|comuni}} consolidated into a larger one. They may also represent settlements which predate the {{lang|it|capoluogo}}. The ancient town of [[Pollentia]] (today Pollenzo), for instance, is a {{lang|it|[[frazione]]}} of [[Bra (CN)|Bra]]. In recent years the {{lang|it|frazioni}} have become more important due to the institution of the {{lang|it|consiglio di frazione}} ({{literally|fraction council}}), a local form of [[government]] which can interact with the {{lang|it|comune}} to address local needs, requests and claims. Even smaller places are called {{lang|it|[[località]]}} (abbreviated: {{lang|it|loc.}}; {{literally|localities}}).
* Smaller administrative divisions called {{lang|it|[[Municipio|municipi]]}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.corriere.it/politica/elezioni/21_ottobre_03/affluenza-milano-roma-napoli-ecco-quali-zone-si-sta-votando-piu-3d0ee974-244e-11ec-89bc-6ae28c3c6849.shtml?_sp=bc9813d8-7bdd-4e5b-a687-c24a6abc5522.1651597286944|title=L'affluenza, municipio per municipio, a Milano, Roma e Napoli: ecco quali zone hanno votato di più|date=10 March 2021 |access-date=3 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> which are similar to [[district]]s and [[neighbourhood]]s.
Sometimes a {{lang|it|frazione}} might be more populated than the {{lang|it|capoluogo}}; and rarely, owing to unusual circumstances (such as depopulation), the town hall and its administrative functions can be moved to one of the {{lang|it|frazioni}}, but the {{lang|it|comune}} still retains the name of the {{lang|it|capoluogo}}.
In some cases, a {{lang|it|comune}} might not have the same name of {{lang|it|capoluogo}}. In these cases, it is a {{lang|it|comune sparso}} ({{literally|[[wikt:sparse|dispersed]] municipality}}) and the {{lang|it|frazione}} which hosts the town hall ({{lang|it|municipio}}) is a {{lang|it|sede municipale}} (compare [[county seat]]).
=== Rione ===
{{See also|Rioni of Rome}}
Some towns refer to neighborhoods within a {{lang|it|comune}} as '''{{lang|it|rione}}''' ({{IPA|it|riˈoːne|lang}}; {{plural form}}: {{lang|it|rioni}}) or {{lang|it|contrade}}. The term originated from the administrative divisions of Rome, and is derived from the [[Latin]] word ''regio'' ({{plural form}}: ''regiones''), 'region'. All currently extant ''rioni'' are located in [[Municipio I]] of Rome.<ref name=treccani>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/rione/ The word rione] in the ''[[Treccani]]'' dictionary on-line</ref> The term has been adopted as a synonym of {{lang|it|[[quartiere]]}} in the Italian {{lang|it|comuni}}.<ref name=treccani/> ''Terzieri'', ''quartieri'', ''sestieri'', ''rioni'', and their analogues are usually no longer administrative divisions of these towns, but historical and traditional communities, seen especially in towns' annual [[Palio]].
==== Terziere ====
A '''{{lang|it|terziere}}''' ({{plural form}}: {{lang|it|terzieri}}) is a subdivision of several towns in Italy. The word derives from {{wikt-lang|it|terzo}} ({{literally|third}}) and is thus used only for towns divided into three neighborhoods. ''Terzieri'' are most commonly found in [[Umbria]], for example in [[Trevi, Umbria|Trevi]], [[Spello]], [[Narni]] and [[Città della Pieve]]; towns divided into ''terzieri'' in other regions include [[Lucca]] in [[Tuscany]], and [[Ancona]] and [[Macerata]] in the [[March (territory)|Marches]]. The medieval [[Triarchy of Negroponte|Lordship of Negroponte]], on the island of [[Euboea]], was also divided into three distinct rulerships, which were known as ''terzieri''.
==== Quartiere ====
A '''{{lang|it|quartiere}}''' ({{IPA|it|kwarˈtjɛːre|lang}}; {{plural form}}: {{lang|it|quartieri}}) is a territorial subdivision, properly used, for towns divided into four neighborhoods ({{lang|it|quarto}}; {{literally|fourth}}) by the two main roads. It has been later used as a synonymous of neighbourhood, and an Italian town can be now subdivided into a larger number of ''quartieri''. The Swiss town of [[Lugano]] (in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino) is also subdivided into quarters.<ref>[http://www.lugano.ch/citta-amministrazione/quartieri.html Lugano] quartieri</ref>
The English word ''[[Quarter (urban subdivision)|quarter]]'' to mean an urban neighbourhood (e.g. the French Quarter in New Orleans, Louisiana) is derived from the cognate old French word ''quartier''.
==== Sestiere ====
[[File:Sestieri di Venezia.svg|thumb|right|The [[Venice#Sestieri|''sestieri'' of Venice]]:
{{Legend|purple|Cannaregio}}
{{Legend|blue|Castello}}
{{Legend|teal|San Marco}}
{{Legend|yellow|Dorsoduro}}
{{Legend|lime|San Polo}}
{{Legend|red|Santa Croce}}
]]
A '''{{lang|it|sestiere}}''' ({{plural form}}: {{lang|it|sestieri}}) is a subdivision of certain Italian towns and cities. The word is from {{lang|it|sesto}} ({{literally|sixth}}), so it is thus used only for towns divided into six districts. The best-known example is the [[Venice#Sestieri|''sestieri'' of Venice]], but [[Ascoli Piceno]], [[Genoa]], [[Milan]] and [[Rapallo]], for example, were also divided into ''sestieri''. The medieval [[Triarchy of Negroponte|Lordship of Negroponte]], on the island of [[Euboea]], was also at times divided into six districts, each with a separate ruler, through the arbitration of Venice, which were known as ''sestieri''. The island of [[Crete]], a Venetian colony (the [[Kingdom of Candia]]) from the [[Fourth Crusade]], was also divided into six parts, named after the ''sestieri'' of Venice herself, while the capital [[Heraklion|Candia]] retained the status of a ''comune'' of Venice. The island of [[Burano]] north of Venice is also subdivided into ''sestieri''.
A variation of the word is occasionally found: the ''comune'' of [[Leonessa]], for example, is divided into {{lang|it|sesti}} or sixths.
== Homonymy ==
There are not many perfect homonymous {{lang|it|comuni}}. There are only six cases in 12 {{lang|it|comuni}}:<ref>{{in lang|it}} [[comune:s:nomi/omonimi/|Complete list and infos on Comuni-italiani.it]]</ref>
* Calliano: [[Calliano, Piedmont]] and [[Calliano, Trentino]]
* Castro: [[Castro, Apulia]] and [[Castro, Lombardy]]
* Livo: [[Livo, Lombardy]] and [[Livo, Trentino]]
* Peglio: [[Peglio, Lombardy]] and [[Peglio, Marche]]
* Samone: [[Samone, Piedmont]] and [[Samone, Trentino]]
* San Teodoro: [[San Teodoro, Sardinia]] and [[San Teodoro, Sicily]]
This is mostly due to the fact the name of the province or region was appended to the name of the {{lang|it|comune}} in order to avoid the confusion. Two provincial capitals share the name {{lang|it|Reggio}}: [[Reggio Emilia|Reggio nell'Emilia]], the capital of the [[province of Reggio Emilia]], in the [[Emilia-Romagna]] region, and [[Reggio Calabria|Reggio di Calabria]], the capital of the [[Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria|homonymous metropolitan city]], in the [[Calabria]] region. Many other towns or villages are likewise partial homonyms (e.g. [[Anzola dell'Emilia]] and [[Anzola d'Ossola]], or [[Bagnara Calabra]] and [[Bagnara di Romagna]]).
== Title of city ==
[[File:Mural Crown of Italian City.svg|thumb|Mural crown for the title of {{lang|it|città}} ('[[city]]')]]
The title of {{lang|it|città}} ({{literally|[[city]]}}) in Italy is granted to {{lang|it|comuni}} that have been awarded it by decree of the [[King of Italy]] (until 1946) or of the provisional head of state (from 1946 to 1948) or, subsequently, of the [[President of Italy|President of the Republic]] (after 1948), on the proposal of the [[Ministry of the Interior (Italy)|Ministry of the Interior]], to which the {{lang|it|comune}} concerned sends an application for a concession, by virtue of their historical, artistic, civic or demographic importance.<ref name="camera"/>
The {{lang|it|comuni}} endowed with the title of {{lang|it|città}} usually carry the golden crown above their coat of arms, except with different provisions in the decree approving the coat of arms or in the presence). "The crown of the city ([...]) is formed by a golden circle opened by eight city gates (five visible) with two cordoned walls on the margins, supporting eight towers (five visible) joined by curtain walls, all in gold and black walled."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://presidenza.governo.it/onorificenze_araldica/araldica/caratteristiche_tecniche.html|title=Caratteristiche tecniche degli emblemi araldici|access-date=4 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
== Statistics ==
=== Largest {{lang|it|comuni}} by area ===
The following is a list of the largest {{lang|it|comuni}} in Italy, in descending order of surface area, according to [[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]] data referring to 9 October 2011.<ref name="istat">{{cite web|url=http://www.istat.it/it/archivio/82599|title=La superficie dei comuni, delle province e delle regioni italiane|access-date=4 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> The [[Provinces of Italy|provincial]] capitals are highlighted in bold.
[[File:IT-Rom-kaiserforen.jpg|thumb|[[Rome]]]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Rank || {{lang|it|Comune}} || Region || Province || Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
|| 1 || '''[[Rome]]''' || [[Lazio]] || [[Metropolitan City of Rome Capital|Rome]] || align=right | {{convert|1,287.36|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 2 || '''[[Ravenna]]''' || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Ravenna|Ravenna]] || align=right | {{convert|653.82|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 3 || [[Cerignola]] || [[Apulia]] || [[Province of Foggia|Foggia]] || align=right | {{convert|593.93|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 4 || [[Noto]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Province of Syracuse|Syracuse]] || align=right | {{convert|554.99|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 5 || '''[[Sassari]]''' || [[Sardinia]] || [[Province of Sassari|Sassari]] || align=right | {{convert|547.04|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 6 || [[Monreale]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan City of Palermo|Palermo]] || align=right | {{convert|530.18|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 7 || [[Gubbio]] || [[Umbria]] || [[Province of Perugia|Perugia]] || align=right | {{convert|525.78|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 8 || '''[[Foggia]]''' || [[Apulia]] || [[Province of Foggia|Foggia]] || align=right | {{convert|509.26|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 9 || '''[[L'Aquila]]''' || [[Abruzzo]] || [[Provincia dell'Aquila|L'Aquila]] || align=right | {{convert|473.91|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 10 || '''[[Grosseto]]''' || [[Tuscany]] || [[Province of Grosseto|Grosseto]] || align=right | {{convert|473.55|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 11 || '''[[Perugia]]''' || [[Umbria]] || [[Province of Perugia|Perugia]] || align=right | {{convert|449.51|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 12 || '''[[Ragusa, Sicily|Ragusa]]''' || [[Sicily]] || [[Province of Ragusa|Ragusa]] || align=right | {{convert|444.67|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 13 || [[Altamura]] || [[Apulia]] || [[Metropolitan City of Bari|Bari]] || align=right | {{convert|431.38|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 14 || '''[[Caltanissetta]]''' || [[Sicily]] || [[Province of Caltanissetta|Caltanissetta]] || align=right | {{convert|421.25|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 15 || '''[[Venice]]''' || [[Veneto]] || [[Metropolitan City of Venice|Venice]] || align=right | {{convert|415.90|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 16 || '''[[Viterbo]]''' || [[Lazio]] || [[Province of Viterbo|Viterbo]] || align=right | {{convert|406.23|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 17 || '''[[Ferrara]]''' || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Ferrara|Ferrara]] || align=right | {{convert|405.16|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 18 || '''[[Andria]]''' || [[Apulia]] || [[Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani|Barletta-Andria-Trani]] || align=right | {{convert|402.89|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 19 || '''[[Matera]]''' || [[Basilicata]] || [[Province of Matera|Matera]] || align=right | {{convert|392.09|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 20 || [[Città di Castello]] || [[Umbria]] || [[Province of Perugia|Perugia]] || align=right | {{convert|387.32|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 21 || [[Gravina in Puglia]] || [[Apulia]] || [[Metropolitan City of Bari|Bari]] || align=right | {{convert|384.74|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 22 || '''[[Arezzo]]''' || [[Tuscany]] || [[Province of Arezzo|Arezzo]] || align=right | {{convert|384.70|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 23 || [[Olbia]] || [[Sardinia]] || [[Province of Sassari|Sassari]] || align="right" | {{convert|383.64|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 24 || [[Caltagirone]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan City of Catania|Catania]] || align=right | {{convert|383.38|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 25 || [[Manciano]] || [[Tuscany]] || [[Province of Grosseto|Grosseto]] || align=right | {{convert|372.51|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 26 || '''[[Enna]]''' || [[Sicily]] || [[Province of Enna|Enna]] || align=right | {{convert|358.75|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 27 || [[Manfredonia]] || [[Apulia]] || [[Province of Foggia|Foggia]] || align=right | {{convert|354.54|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 28 || [[Spoleto]] || [[Umbria]] || [[Province of Perugia|Perugia]] || align=right | {{convert|348.14|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 29 || [[Corigliano-Rossano]] || [[Calabria]] || [[Province of Cosenza|Cosenza]] || align=right | {{convert|346.56|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
|| 30 || [[Cortona]] || [[Tuscany]] || [[Province of Arezzo|Arezzo]] || align=right | {{convert|342.97|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|}
=== Smallest {{lang|it|comuni}} by area ===
The following is a list of the smallest {{lang|it|comuni}} in Italy, in ascending order of surface area, according to [[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]] data referring to 9 October 2011.<ref name="istat"/>
[[File:Piazzetta - panoramio (7).jpg|thumb|[[Atrani]]]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Rank || {{lang|it|Comune}} || Region || Province || Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
| 1 || [[Atrani]] || [[Campania]] || [[Province of Salerno|Salerno]] ||align=right| {{convert|0.1206|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 2 || [[Miagliano]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Province of Biella|Biella]] ||align=right| {{convert|0.6678|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 3 || [[Fiorano al Serio]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.0601|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 4 || [[Conca dei Marini]] || [[Campania]] || [[Province of Salerno|Salerno]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.1281|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 5 || [[Roccafiorita]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan city of Messina|Messina]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.1682|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 6 || [[Solza]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.2278|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 7 || [[Maslianico]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Como|Como]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.2885|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 8 || [[San Lorenzo al Mare]] || [[Liguria]] || [[Province of Imperia|Imperia]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.2886|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 9 || [[Crosio della Valle]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Varese|Varese]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.4407|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 10 || [[Ferrera di Varese]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Varese|Varese]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.5265|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 11 || [[Casavatore]] || [[Campania]] || [[Metropolitan city of Naples|Naples]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.5267|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 12 || [[Piario]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.5451|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 14 || [[Vajont]] || [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]] || [[Province of Pordenone|Pordenone]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.5860|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 15 || [[Arizzano]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Provincia del Verbano-Cusio-Ossola|Verbano-Cusio-Ossola]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.5995|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 16 || [[Longone al Segrino]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Como|Como]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.6045|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 17 || [[Viganò]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Lecco|Lecco]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.6049|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 18 || [[Brunello, Lombardy|Brunello]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Varese|Varese]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.6200|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 19 || [[Camparada]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Monza and Brianza|Monza e Brianza]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.6337|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 20 || [[Caines]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[South Tyrol]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.6345|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 || [[Curti, Campania|Curti]] || [[Campania]] || [[Province of Caserta|Caserta]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.6894|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 22 || [[Castel Rozzone]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.7066|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 23 || [[Lozza, Lombardy|Lozza]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Varese|Varese]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.7100|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 24 || [[Aci Bonaccorsi]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan City of Catania|Catania]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.7243|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 25 || [[Calvignasco]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Metropolitan City of Milan|Milan]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.7272|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 26 || [[Ventotene]] || [[Lazio]] || [[Province of Latina|Latina]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.7454|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 27 || [[Lirio, Lombardy|Lirio]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Pavia|Pavia]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.7457|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 28 || [[Masciago Primo]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Varese|Varese]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.8082|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 29 || [[Montello, Lombardy|Montello]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.8156|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|-
| 30 || [[Carzano]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[Trentino]] ||align=right| {{convert|1.8202|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|}
=== Highest {{lang|it|comuni}} by altitude ===
The following is a list of the first {{lang|it|comuni}} by altitude, in descending order.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tuttitalia.it/comuni/altitudine/|title=Comuni italiani per altitudine|access-date=4 May 2022|language=it}}</ref> The indicated altitude coincides with the height above [[sea level]] of the town hall.
[[File:Chiesa di Sant'Antonio Abate - Champlas du Col.jpg|thumb|[[Sestriere]]]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
|-
!Rank || {{lang|it|Comune}} || Region || Province || Altitude<br />(meters above<br>the [[sea level]])
|-
| 1 || [[Sestriere]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:2035}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 2 || [[Chamois, Aosta Valley|Chamois]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1818}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 3 || [[Livigno]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Sondrio|Sondrio]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1816}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 4 || [[Claviere]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1760}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 5 || [[Rhêmes-Notre-Dame]] ||[[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1725}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 6 || [[Ayas, Aosta Valley|Ayas]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1699}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 7 || [[Argentera]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Province of Cuneo|Cuneo]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1684}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 8 || [[Valgrisenche]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1664}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 9 || [[La Magdeleine]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1644}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 10 || [[Elva, Piedmont|Elva]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Province of Cuneo|Cuneo]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1637}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 11 || [[Gressoney-La-Trinité]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1635}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 12 || [[Ceresole Reale]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1620}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 13 || [[Pontechianale]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Province of Cuneo|Cuneo]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1614}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 14 || [[Bionaz]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1606}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 15 || [[Bellino]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Province of Cuneo|Cuneo]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1572}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 16 || [[Corvara in Badia]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[South Tyrol]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1568}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 17 || [[Selva di Val Gardena]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[South Tyrol]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1563}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 18 || [[Sauze di Cesana]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1560}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 19 || [[Cogne]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1544}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 20 || [[Valsavarenche]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1541}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 || [[Valtournenche]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1528}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 22 || [[Pragelato]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1524}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 23 || [[Curon Venosta]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[South Tyrol]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1520}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 24 || [[Saint-Rhémy-en-Bosses]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1519}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 25 || [[Sauze d'Oulx]] || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1509}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 26 || [[Foppolo]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1508}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 27 || [[Torgnon]] || [[Aosta Valley]] || — || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1489}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 28 || [[Predoi]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[South Tyrol]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1475}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 29 || [[Livinallongo del Col di Lana]] || [[Veneto]] || [[Province of Belluno|Belluno]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1475}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
| 30 || [[Canazei]] || [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] || [[Trentino]] || style="text-align:right;" |{{convert|{{formatnum:1465}}|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|}
=== Largest {{lang|it|comuni}} by population ===
List of the first {{lang|it|comuni}} by population in descending order, according to [[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]] data updated to 28 February 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://demo.istat.it/bilmens/index.php?anno=2021&lingua=ita|title=Statistiche demografiche ISTAT|access-date=3 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006201731/http://demo.istat.it/bilmens/index.php?anno=2022&lingua=ita|archive-date=6 October 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Regions of Italy|regional]] capitals are in bold.
[[File:Milano, Duomo with Milan Cathedral and Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, 2016.jpg|thumb|[[Milan]]]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Rank || {{lang|it|Comune}} || Region || Province || Inhabitants
|-
|1 || '''[[Rome]]''' || [[Lazio]] || [[Metropolitan City of Rome Capital|Rome]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:2758454}}
|-
| 2 || '''[[Milan]]''' || [[Lombardy]] || [[Metropolitan City of Milan|Milan]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:1371606}}
|-
| 3 || '''[[Naples]]''' || [[Campania]] || [[Metropolitan city of Naples|Naples]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:912954}}
|-
| 4 || '''[[Turin]]''' || [[Piedmont]] || [[Metropolitan City of Turin|Turin]] ||align=right|846 067
|-
| 5 || '''[[Palermo]]''' || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan City of Palermo|Palermo]] ||align=right|628 883
|-
| 6 || '''[[Genoa]]''' || [[Liguria]] || [[Metropolitan City of Genoa|Genoa]] ||align=right|560 155
|-
| 7 || '''[[Bologna]]''' || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Metropolitan City of Bologna|Bologna]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:392593}}
|-
| 8 || '''[[Florence]]''' || [[Tuscany]] || [[Metropolitan city of Florence|Florence]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:367051}}
|-
| 9 || '''[[Bari]]''' || [[Apulia]] || [[Metropolitan City of Bari|Bari]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:316113}}
|-
| 10 || [[Catania]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan City of Catania|Catania]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:297761}}
|-
| 11 || [[Verona]] || [[Veneto]] || [[Province of Verona|Verona]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:257176}}
|-
| 12 || '''[[Venice]]''' || [[Veneto]] || [[Metropolitan City of Venice|Venice]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:254367}}
|-
| 13 || [[Messina]] || [[Sicily]] || [[Metropolitan city of Messina|Messina]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:219565}}
|-
| 14 || [[Padua]] || [[Veneto]] || [[Province of Padua|Padua]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:208561}}
|-
| 15 || [[Prato]] || [[Tuscany]] || [[Province of Prato|Prato]] || align="right" |{{formatnum:200647}}
|-
| 16 || '''[[Trieste]]''' || [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]] || [[Province of Trieste|Trieste]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:200454}}
|-
| 17 || [[Parma]] || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Parma|Parma]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:196982}}
|-
| 18 || [[Brescia]] || [[Lombardy]] || [[Province of Brescia|Brescia]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:196727}}
|-
| 19 || [[Taranto]] || [[Apulia]] || [[Province of Taranto|Taranto]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:188848}}
|-
| 20 || [[Modena]] || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Modena|Modena]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:185628}}
|-
| 21 || [[Reggio Calabria]] || [[Calabria]] || [[Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria|Reggio Calabria]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:171546}}
|-
| 22 || [[Reggio Emilia]] || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Reggio Emilia|Reggio Emilia]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:169100}}
|-
| 23 || '''[[Perugia]]''' || [[Umbria]] || [[Province of Perugia|Perugia]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:163614}}
|-
| 24 || [[Ravenna]] || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Ravenna|Ravenna]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:155968}}
|-
| 25 || [[Livorno]] || [[Tuscany]] || [[Province of Livorno|Livorno]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:153901}}
|-
| 26 || [[Rimini]] || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Rimini|Rimini]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:150068}}
|-
| 27 || '''[[Cagliari]]''' || [[Sardinia]] || [[Metropolitan City of Cagliari|Cagliari]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:148697}}
|-
| 28 || [[Foggia]] || [[Apulia]] || [[Province of Foggia|Foggia]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:146213}}
|-
| 29 || [[Ferrara]] || [[Emilia-Romagna]] || [[Province of Ferrara|Ferrara]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:131066}}
|-
| 30 || [[Salerno]] || [[Campania]] || [[Province of Salerno|Salerno]] ||align=right|{{formatnum:127840}}
|}
=== {{lang|it|Comuni}} by demographic ranges ===
The data is updated as of 1 January 2021.<ref name="tuttitalia">{{Cite web|url = https://www.tuttitalia.it/comuni-per-fasce-demografiche/|title = Comuni per fasce demografiche|access-date = 4 May 2022|language=it}}</ref>
[[File:Map of population density in Italy (2011 census) alt colours.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Map of Italy's population density at the 2011 census]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! rowspan="2" |Demographic range
! colspan="2" |{{lang|it|Comuni}}
! colspan="2" |Population
|-
!Number
!%
!Residents
!%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|more than {{formatnum:500000}} inhab.
|6
|0.08%
|{{formatnum:7170310}}
|12.10%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:250000}} to {{formatnum:499999}} inhab.
|6
|0.08%
|{{formatnum:1874966}}
|3.16%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:100000}} to {{formatnum:249999}} inhab.
|32
|0.40%
|{{formatnum:4749945}}
|8.02%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:60000}} to {{formatnum:99999}} inhab.
|58
|0.73%
|{{formatnum:4446634}}
|7.50%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:20000}} to {{formatnum:59999}} inhab.
|404
|5.11%
|{{formatnum:13253362}}
|22.37%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:10000}} to {{formatnum:19999}} inhab.
|698
|8.83%
|{{formatnum:9662013}}
|16.31%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:5000}} to {{formatnum:9999}} inhab.
|1,179
|14.92%
|{{formatnum:8331631}}
|14.06%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:3000}} to {{formatnum:4999}} inhab.
|1,087
|13.75%
|{{formatnum:4222171}}
|7.13%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:2000}} to {{formatnum:2999}} inhab.
|921
|11.65%
|{{formatnum:2258907}}
|3.81%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:1000}} to {{formatnum:1999}} inhab.
|1,520
|19.23%
|{{formatnum:2213443}}
|3.74%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from 500 to 999 inhab.
|1,101
|13.93%
|{{formatnum:811919}}
|1.37%
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|less than 500 inhab.
|892
|11.29%
|{{formatnum:262265}}
|0.44%
|-
!Total
!{{formatnum:7904}}
!100.00%
!{{formatnum:59257566}}
!100.00%
|}
=== Demographic ranges by macroregion ===
The data is updated as of 1 January 2021.<ref name="tuttitalia"/>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! rowspan="2" |Demographic range
! colspan="3" |Number of {{lang|it|comuni}}
! colspan="3" |Resident population
|-
![[Northern Italy|North]]
![[Central Italy|Centre]]
![[Southern Italy|South]]
!North
!Centre
!South
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|more than {{formatnum:500000}} inhab.
|3
|1
|2
|{{formatnum:2804841}}
|{{formatnum:2783809}}
|{{formatnum:1581660}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:250000}} to {{formatnum:499999}} inhab.
|3
|1
|2
|{{formatnum:907910}}
|{{formatnum:359755}}
|{{formatnum:607301}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:100000}} to {{formatnum:249999}} inhab.
|17
|5
|10
|{{formatnum:2503474}}
|{{formatnum:749523}}
|{{formatnum:1496948}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:60000}} to {{formatnum:99999}} inhab.
|16
|16
|26
|{{formatnum:1289906}}
|{{formatnum:1253707}}
|{{formatnum:1903021}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:20000}} to {{formatnum:59999}} inhab.
|158
|78
|168
|{{formatnum:4974716}}
|{{formatnum:2647385}}
|{{formatnum:5631261}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:10000}} to {{formatnum:19999}} inhab.
|353
|115
|230
|{{formatnum:4824497}}
|{{formatnum:1655230}}
|{{formatnum:3182286}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:5000}} to {{formatnum:9999}} inhab.
|672
|155
|352
|{{formatnum:4723268}}
|{{formatnum:1139230}}
|{{formatnum:2469133}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:3000}} to {{formatnum:4999}} inhab.
|620
|141
|326
|{{formatnum:2404254}}
|{{formatnum:549864}}
|{{formatnum:1268053}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:2000}} to {{formatnum:2999}} inhab.
|501
|100
|320
|{{formatnum:1229705}}
|{{formatnum:242581}}
|{{formatnum:786621}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from {{formatnum:1000}} to {{formatnum:1999}} inhab.
|793
|182
|545
|{{formatnum:1155222}}
|{{formatnum:270306}}
|{{formatnum:787915}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|from 500 to 999 inhab.
|627
|110
|364
|{{formatnum:458324}}
|{{formatnum:82312}}
|{{formatnum:271283}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|less than 500 inhab.
|622
|64
|206
|{{formatnum:175415}}
|{{formatnum:19431}}
|{{formatnum:67419}}
|-
!Total
!{{formatnum:4385}}
!968
!{{formatnum:2551}}
!{{formatnum:27451532}}
!{{formatnum:11753133}}
!{{formatnum:20052901}}
|}
== See also ==
{{Portal|Italy|Politics}}
* [[Regions of Italy]]
* [[Metropolitan cities of Italy]]
* [[Provinces of Italy]]
* [[List of municipalities of Italy]]
* [[List of renamed municipalities in Italy]]
* [[Alphabetical list of municipalities of Italy]]
* [[Fusion of municipalities of Italy]]
* [[Municipalities of Switzerland]] – those in [[Swiss Italian|Italian-speaking areas of the country]] are called {{lang|it|comuni}}
* ''[[Circoscrizione]]''
* ''[[Frazione]]''
* ''[[Località]]''
* [[Rioni of Rome|''Rioni'' of Rome]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== Bibliography ==
* {{cite web |title=Terzière|url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/terziere/|website=[[Treccani|Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere e Arti]] |access-date=2 January 2024 |language=it}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Municipalities in Italy}}
{{Wiktionary}}
* [http://www.anci.it/ Associazione Nazionale Comuni Italiani] {{in lang|it}}
{{Italy topics}}
{{Articles on third-level administrative divisions of countries}}
{{Types of administrative country subdivision}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Municipalities of Italy| ]]
[[Category:Types of administrative division]]
[[Category:Subdivisions of Italy]]
[[Category:LAU statistical regions of the European Union|Italy]]