View source for DLK1

{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}
{{short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Protein delta homolog 1''', '''delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1''', '''fetal antigen 1'''<ref>{{cite journal |title=Studies on the isolation, structural analysis and tissue localization of fetal antigen 1 and its relation to a human adrenal-specific cDNA, pG2 |last1=Jensen |first1=C.H. |last2=Teisner |first2=B. |last3=Højrup |first3=P. |last4=Rasmussen |first4=H.B. |last5=Madsen |first5=O.D. |last6=Nielsen |first6=B. |last7=Skjødt |first7=K. |journal=Human Reproduction |volume=8 |issue=4 |year=1993 |pages=635–641 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138110|pmid=8501199 }}</ref> or '''preadipocyte factor 1'''<ref>{{cite journal |title=Pref-1, a protein containing EGF-like repeats, inhibits adipocyte differentiation |last1=Smas |first1=Cynthia M. |last2=Sul |first2=Hei Sook |journal=Cell |year=1993 |volume=73 |issue=4 |pages=725–734 |doi=10.1016/0092-8674(93)90252-L|pmid=8500166 |s2cid=23634189 }}</ref> is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''DLK1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8095043">{{cite journal |vauthors=Laborda J, Sausville EA, Hoffman T, Notario V | title = ''dlk'', a Putative Mammalian Homeotic Gene Differentially Expressed in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Line | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 268 | issue = 6 | pages = 3817–20 | year = 1993 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53544-4 | pmid = 8095043 | url = http://www.jbc.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8095043 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid7925474">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen CH, Krogh TN, Højrup P, Clausen PP, Skjødt K, Larsson LI, Enghild JJ, Teisner B | title = Protein Structure of Fetal Antigen 1 (FA1). A Novel Circulating Human Epidermal-Growth-Factor-Like Protein Expressed in Neuroendocrine Tumors and its Relation to the Gene Products of Dlk and pG2 | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry | volume = 225 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–92 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7925474 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.00083.x | doi-access =  }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{EntrezGene|8788}}</ref>
It is expressed as a [[transmembrane protein]], but a soluble form cleaved off by [[ADAM17]] is active in inhibiting [[adipogenesis]],<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang Y, Sul HS | title = Pref-1 Regulates Mesenchymal Cell Commitment and Differentiation through Sox9 | journal = Cell Metabolism | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 287–302 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19254573 | pmc = 2673480 | doi = 10.1016/j.cmet.2009.01.013 }}</ref> the differentiation of pre-adipocytes into [[adipocytes]].<ref>{{MeshName|Adipogenesis}}</ref>
It is a member of the [[EGF-like domain|EGF-like]] family of [[homeosis|homeotic]] proteins.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Laborda J | title = The role of the epidermal growth factor-like protein dlk in cell differentiation | journal = Histology and Histopathology | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 119–29 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10668203 }}</ref>
Part of the Dlk1-[[DIO3]] [[imprinting control region]], this gene is one involved in the [[epigenetic]] process that causes a subset of genes to be regulated based on their parental origin.<ref name="ShauPingLin">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lin SP, Coan P, da Rocha ST, Seitz H, Cavaille J, Teng PW, Takada S, Ferguson-Smith AC | title = Differential regulation of imprinting in the murine embryo and placenta by the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinting control region | journal = Development | volume = 134 | issue = 2 | pages = 417–426 | date = Jan 2007 | doi = 10.1242/dev.02726 | pmid=17166925| doi-access = free }}</ref>
Such imprinted genes are required for the formation of the [[placenta]] as well as the development of cellular lineages such as those derived from the [[mesoderm]] and [[ectoderm]].<ref name="ArturoHernandez">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernandez A, Fiering S, Martinez E, Galton VA, St Germain D | title = The gene locus encoding iodothyronine deiodinase type 3 (Dio3) is imprinted in the fetus and expresses antisense transcripts | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 143 | issue = 11 | pages = 4483–4486 | date = Nov 2002 | pmid = 12399446 | doi = 10.1210/en.2002-220800 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
==References==
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==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
*{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/nar/18.3.685 |pmid=2308864 |pmc=333507 |title=The sequence of an adrenal specific human cDNA, pG2 |year=1990 |last1=Helamn |first1=Lee J. |last2=Sack |first2=Nancy |last3=Plon |first3=Sharon E. |last4=Israel |first4=Mark A. |journal=Nucleic Acids Research |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=685}}
*{{cite journal |pages=2336–9 |doi=10.1073/pnas.84.8.2336 |pmid=3470797 |title=Molecular Markers of Neuroendocrine Development and Evidence of Environmental Regulation |year=1987 |last1=Helman |first1=L. J. |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=84 |issue=8|pmc=304645 |bibcode=1987PNAS...84.2336H |doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee YL, Helman L, Hoffman T, Laborda J | title = Dlk, pG2 and Pref-1 mRNAs encode similar proteins belonging to the EGF-like superfamily. Identification of polymorphic variants of this RNA | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression | volume = 1261 | issue = 2 | pages = 223–32 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7711066 | doi = 10.1016/0167-4781(95)00007-4 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Smas CM, Sul HS | title = Pref-1, a protein containing EGF-like repeats, inhibits adipocyte differentiation | journal = Cell | volume = 73 | issue = 4 | pages = 725–34 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8500166 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90252-L | s2cid = 23634189 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen CH, Teisner B, Højrup P, Rasmussen HB, Madsen OD, Nielsen B, Skjødt K | title = Studies on the isolation, structural analysis and tissue localization of fetal antigen 1 and its relation to a human adrenal-specific cDNA, pG2 | journal = Human Reproduction | volume = 8 | issue = 4 | pages = 635–41 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8501199 | doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138110}}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Tornehave D, Jensen CH, Teisner B, Larsson LI | title = FA1 immunoreactivity in endocrine tumours and during development of the human fetal pancreas; negative correlation with glucagon expression | journal = Histochemistry and Cell Biology | volume = 106 | issue = 6 | pages = 535–42 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8985741 | doi = 10.1007/BF02473268 | s2cid = 19673701 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen CH, Schroder HD, Teisner B, Laursen I, Brandrup F, Rasmussen HB | title = Fetal antigen 1, a member of the epidermal growth factor superfamily, in neurofibromas and serum from patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 | journal = British Journal of Dermatology | volume = 140 | issue = 6 | pages = 1054–9 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10354070 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.02906.x | s2cid = 25598902 }}
*{{cite journal |pages=206–7 |doi=10.1159/000015259 |pmid=10393432 |title=Assignment of DLK1 to human chromosome band 14q32 by in situ hybridization |year=1999 |last1=Gubina |first1=E. |last2=Ruiz-Hidalgo |first2=M.J. |last3=Baladrón |first3=V. |last4=Laborda |first4=J. |journal=Cytogenetic and Genome Research |volume=84 |issue=3–4|s2cid=491728 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1235301 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen CH, Erb K, Westergaard LG, Kliem A, Teisner B | title = Fetal antigen 1, an EGF multidomain protein in the sex hormone-producing cells of the gonads and the microenvironment of germ cells | journal = Molecular Human Reproduction | volume = 5 | issue = 10 | pages = 908–13 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10508217 | doi = 10.1093/molehr/5.10.908 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Aguan K, Carvajal JA, Thompson LP, Weiner CP | title = Application of a functional genomics approach to identify differentially expressed genes in human myometrium during pregnancy and labour | journal = Molecular Human Reproduction | volume = 6 | issue = 12 | pages = 1141–5 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11101697 | doi = 10.1093/molehr/6.12.1141 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal |pages=5465–70 |doi=10.1210/jcem.86.11.7990 |title=Fetal Antigen 1 in Healthy Adults and Patients with Pituitary Disease: Relation to Physiological, Pathological, and Pharmacological GH Levels |year=2001 |last1=Andersen |first1=M. |journal=Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism |volume=86 |issue=11|pmid=11701723 |s2cid=24831931 |doi-access= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen CH, Meyer M, Schroder HD, Kliem A, Zimmer J, Teisner B | title = Neurons in the monoaminergic nuclei of the rat and human central nervous system express FA1/dlk | journal = NeuroReport | volume = 12 | issue = 18 | pages = 3959–63 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11742219 | doi = 10.1097/00001756-200112210-00021 | s2cid = 30021418 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Baladrón V, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Bonvini E, Gubina E, Notario V, Laborda J | title = The EGF-like Homeotic Protein dlk Affects Cell Growth and Interacts with Growth-Modulating Molecules in the Yeast Two-Hybrid System | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 291 | issue = 2 | pages = 193–204 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11846389 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6431 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1229536 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Panin VM, Shao L, Lei L, Moloney DJ, Irvine KD, Haltiwanger RS | title = Notch Ligands Are Substrates for Protein O-Fucosyltransferase-1 and Fringe | journal = Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 33 | pages = 29945–52 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12036964 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M204445200 | doi-access =  free}}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Doggett KL, Briggs JA, Linton MF, Fazio S, Head DR, Xie J, Hashimoto Y, Laborda J, Briggs RC | title = Retroviral mediated expression of the human myeloid nuclear antigen in a null cell line upregulatesDlk1 expression | journal = Journal of Cellular Biochemistry | volume = 86 | issue = 1 | pages = 56–66 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12112016 | doi = 10.1002/jcb.10190  | s2cid = 30240885 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Van Limpt VA, Chan AJ, Van Sluis PG, Caron HN, Van Noesel CJ, Versteeg R | title = High delta-like 1 expression in a subset of neuroblastoma cell lines corresponds to a differentiated chromaffin cell type | journal = International Journal of Cancer | volume = 105 | issue = 1 | pages = 61–9 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12672031 | doi = 10.1002/ijc.11047 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Abdallah BM, Jensen CH, Gutierrez G, Leslie RG, Jensen TG, Kassem M | title = Regulation of Human Skeletal Stem Cells Differentiation by Dlk1/Pref-1 | journal = Journal of Bone and Mineral Research | volume = 19 | issue = 5 | pages = 841–52 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15068508 | doi = 10.1359/JBMR.040118 | s2cid = 23774562 | doi-access =  }}
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