View source for Daijō Tennō

{{Short description|Title for a retired emperor of Japan}}
{{About|the title|the current holder of this title|Akihito}}
{{italic title}}
{{Nihongo|'''''Daijō Tennō''''' or '''''Dajō Tennō'''''|太上天皇}} is a title for an [[Emperor of Japan]] who [[Abdication|abdicates]] the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]] in favour of a successor.<ref name="Miner 1988">{{cite book|first1=Earl Roy|last1=Miner|first2=Robert E.|last2=Morrell|last3=小田桐弘子|title=The Princeton Companion to Classical Japanese Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BSmMbQhafJoC&pg=PA467|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=21 September 1988|isbn=9780691008257|via=Google Books}}</ref>
As defined in the [[Taihō Code]], although retired, a ''Daijō Tennō'' could still exert power. The first such example is the [[Empress Jitō]] in the 7th century. A retired emperor sometimes entered the Buddhist [[Sangha|monastic community]], becoming a [[Cloistered Emperor|cloistered emperor]]. During late [[Heian period]], cloistered emperors wielded power in a system known as [[cloistered rule]].
==List==
A total of 64 Japanese emperors have abdicated. A list follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name
! Acceded
! Abdicated
! Died
! Successor
! Notes
|-
| [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]]
| 686
| 697
| 703
| [[Emperor Monmu|Monmu]]
|Prince Kusabake was named as crown prince to succeed [[Empress Jitō]], but he died aged only 27.  Kusabake's son, Prince Karu, was then named as Jitō's successor.  He eventually would become known as [[Emperor Monmu]].<ref>Varley, H. Paul . (1980). ''[[Jinnō Shōtōki]]'', p. 137.</ref> After Jitō abdicated in Monmu's favor, as a retired sovereign, she took the post-reign title ''daijō-tennō.''  After this, her imperial successors who retired took the same title after abdication.<ref>Varley, p. 137.</ref> Jitō continued to hold power as a [[cloistered rule]]r, which became a persistent trend in Japanese politics.  She died 4 years later at the age of 58.<ref>Varley, p. 137; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''[[Gukanshō]]'', p. 270.</ref>
|-
| [[Empress Gemmei|Genmei]]
| 707
| 715
| 721
| [[Empress Gensho|Genshō]]
| Gemmei had initially planned to remain on the throne until her grandson might reach maturity.  However, after reigning for 8 years, Gemmei abdicated in favor of Monmu's older sister who then became known as [[Empress Genshō]].
* '''715''' (''[[Wadō (era)|Wadō]] 8''): Gemmei resigned as empress in favor of her daughter, who was then known as Empress Genshō.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 64-65.</ref>
After abdicating, Gemmei was known as ''Daijō-tennō''; she was only the second woman after Empress Jitō to claim this title.  Gemmei lived in retirement until her death at the age of 61.<ref>Varley, p. 140.</ref>
|-
| [[Empress Gensho|Genshō]]
| 715
| 724
| 748
| [[Emperor Shomu|Shōmu]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Shomu|Shōmu]]
| 724
| 749
| 756
| [[Empress Koken|Kōken]]
|
|-
| [[Empress Koken|Kōken]]
| 749
| 758
| 770 (restored 764)
| [[Emperor Junnin|Junnin]]
| [[Emperor Shōmu]] abdicated in favor of his daughter Princess Takano in 749, who became [[Empress Kōken]]. [[Empress Kōken]] abdicated in 758 for her cousin to reign as [[Emperor Junnin]] but returned to rule again in 764 as Empress Shōtoku. Her cousin would die a year later in 765.
|-
| [[Emperor Junnin|Junnin]]
| 758
| 764 (deposed)
| 765
| [[Empress Koken|Shōtoku]] (Kōken)
|
|-
| [[Emperor Konin|Kōnin]]
| 770
| 781
| 781
| [[Emperor Kanmu|Kanmu]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Heizei|Heizei]]
| 806
| 809
| 824
| [[Emperor Saga|Saga]]
|[[Emperor Heizei]] was forced to abdicate due to illness in 809 and lived for 14 years as a monk.
|-
| [[Emperor Saga|Saga]]
| 809
| 823
| 842
| [[Emperor Junna|Junna]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Junna|Junna]]
| 823
| 833
| 840
| [[Emperor Nimmyo|Nimmyō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Seiwa|Seiwa]]
| 858
| 876
| 881
| [[Emperor Yozei|Yōzei]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Yozei|Yōzei]]
| 876
| 884 (deposed)
| 949
| [[Emperor Koko|Kōkō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Uda|Uda]]
| 887
| 897
| 931
| [[Emperor Daigo|Daigo]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Daigo|Daigo]]
| 897
| 930
| 930
| [[Emperor Suzaku|Suzaku]]
|[[Emperor Daigo]] abdicated in favour of his son, as he fell ill, and died a few months later.
|-
| [[Emperor Suzaku|Suzaku]]
| 930
| 946
| 952
| [[Emperor Murakami|Murakami]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Reizei|Reizei]]
| 967
| 969
| 1011
| [[Emperor En'yū|En'yū]]
|
* '''''[[Anna (era)|Anna]] 2''''' 969: Reizei abdicated; and he took the honorific title of Reizei-in Jōkō. His reign lasted for just two years;  and he lived another 44 years in retirement.<ref>Brown, p. 298.</ref>
* '''''[[Kankō]] 8''''', 24th day of the 10th month (1011):  ''Daijō-tennō'' Reizei-in Jōkō died at age 62.<ref>Titsingh, p. 155; Brown, p. 306; Varley, p. 190.</ref>
|-
| [[Emperor En'yū|En'yū]]
| 969
| 984
| 991
| [[Emperor Kazan|Kazan]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Kazan|Kazan]]
| 984
| 986
| 1008
| [[Emperor Ichijo|Ichijō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Ichijo|Ichijō]]
| 986
| 1011
| 1011
| [[Emperor Sanjo|Sanjō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Sanjo|Sanjō]]
| 1011
| 1016
| 1017
| [[Emperor Go-Ichijo|Go-Ichijō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Suzaku|Go-Suzaku]]
| 1036
| 1045
| 1045
| [[Emperor Go-Reizei|Go-Reizei]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Sanjo|Go-Sanjō]]
| 1068
| 1073
| 1073
| [[Emperor Shirakawa|Shirakawa]]
|
* '''''[[Kankō]] 8''''', on the 13th day of the 6th month (1011): In the 25th year of Emperor Ichijō's reign (一条天皇25年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by his cousin.   Shortly thereafter, Emperor Sanjō is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'') at age 36.<ref>Titsingh, p. 154; Brown, p. 307; Varley, p. 44. [A distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of Go-Murakami.]</ref>
* '''''Kankō 8''''', 22nd day of the 6th month (1011): ''Daijō-tennō'' [[Emperor Ichijō]] died at the age of 32.<ref>Brown, p. 306.</ref>
|-
| [[Emperor Shirakawa|Shirakawa]]
| 1073
| 1087
| 1129
| [[Emperor Horikawa|Horikawa]]
|
* '''''Ōtoku 3''''', on the 26th day of the 11th month (1084): [[Emperor Shirakawa]] formally abdicated,<ref>Brown, p. 316.</ref> and he took the title ''Daijō Tennō''.<ref>Titsingh, p. 171.</ref> Shirakawa had personally occupied the throne for 14 years; and for the next 43 years, he would exercise broad powers in what will come to be known as [[cloistered rule]].<ref>Varley, p. 202</ref>
[[Emperor Go-Sanjō]] had wished for Shirakawa's younger half-brother to succeed him to the throne.  In 1085, this half-brother died of an illness; and Shirakawa's own son, Taruhito became Crown Prince. On the same day that Taruhito was proclaimed as his heir, Shirakawa abdicated; and Taruhito became [[Emperor Horikawa]].  The now-retired Emperor Shirakawa was the first to attempt what became customary [[cloistered rule]].  He exercised power, ruling indirectly from the Shirakawa-in ("White River Mansion/Temple"); nevertheless, nominal ''[[sesshō]]'' and ''[[kampaku]]'' offices continued to exist for a long time.
* '''''[[Kanji (era)|Kanji]] 1''''', in the 5th month (1087):  ''Daijō Tennō'' Shirakawa retired himself to [[Uji, Kyoto|Uji]].<ref>Titsingh, p. 172.</ref>
|-
| [[Emperor Toba|Toba]]
| 1107
| 1123
| 1156
| [[Emperor Sutoku|Sutoku]]
|
* '''''[[Eiji (era)|Eiji]]  1''''', in the 3rd month (1141): The former emperor Toba accepted the tonsure and became a Buddhist monk at the age of 39 years.<ref>Titsingh, p. 185.</ref>
* '''''[[Kōji (first)|Kōji]] 2''''', in the 1st month (1143): [[Cloistered Emperor]] [[Emperor Toba|Toba]]-in, now known by the title ''Daijō [[Hōō]]'', visited his mother.<ref name="t186" />
|-
| [[Emperor Sutoku|Sutoku]]
| 1123
| 1142
| 1164
| [[Emperor Konoe|Konoe]]
|
* '''''Eiji 1''''', on the 7th day of the 12th month (永治元年; 1141): In the 18th year of Sutoku''-tennō'''s reign (崇徳天皇18年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by a younger brother, the 8th son of former Emperor Toba.  Shortly thereafter, Emperor Konoe is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'').<ref>Titsingh, p. 186; Brown, p. 324; Varley, p. 44.</ref>
At that time, Fujiwara-no Tadamichi became ''[[sesshō]]'' (imperial regent).  The [[Cloistered Emperor]] [[Emperor Toba|Toba]] continued to direct all the affairs of government, while the retired [[Emperor Sutoku]] had no powers.  This conflict resulted in many controversies during Konoe's reign.<ref name="t186">Titsingh, p. 186.</ref>
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Shirakawa|Go-Shirakawa]]
| 1155
| 1158
| 1192
| [[Emperor Nijo|Nijō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Nijo|Nijō]]
| 1158
| 1165
| 1165
| [[Emperor Rokujo|Rokujō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Rokujo|Rokujō]]
| 1165
| 1168
| 1176
| [[Emperor Takakura|Takakura]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Takakura|Takakura]]
| 1168
| 1180
| 1181
| [[Emperor Antoku|Antoku]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]]
| 1183
| 1198
| 1239
| [[Emperor Tsuchimikado|Tsuchimikado]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Tsuchimikado|Tsuchimikado]]
| 1198
| 1210
| 1231
| [[Emperor Juntoku|Juntoku]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Juntoku|Juntoku]]
| 1210
| 1221
| 1242
| [[Emperor Chūkyō|Chūkyō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Chūkyō|Chūkyō]]
| 1221
| 1221
| 1234
| [[Emperor Go-Horikawa|Go-Horikawa]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Horikawa|Go-Horikawa]]
| 1221
| 1232
| 1234
| [[Emperor Shijo|Shijō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Saga|Go-Saga]]
| 1242
| 1246
| 1272
| [[Emperor Go-Fukakusa|Go-Fukakusa]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Fukakusa|Go-Fukakusa]]
| 1246
| 1259
| 1304
| [[Emperor Kameyama|Kameyama]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Kameyama|Kameyama]]
| 1259
| 1274
| 1305
| [[Emperor Go-Uda|Go-Uda]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Uda|Go-Uda]]
| 1274
| 1287
| 1324
| [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]]
| 1287
| 1298
| 1317
| [[Emperor Go-Fushimi|Go-Fushimi]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Fushimi|Go-Fushimi]]
| 1298
| 1301
| 1336
| [[Emperor Go-Nijo|Go-Nijō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Hanazono|Hanazono]]
| 1308
| 1318
| 1348
| [[Emperor Go-Daigo|Go-Daigo]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Kōgon|Kōgon]]
| 1331
| 1333 (deposed)
| 1364
| [[Emperor Go-Daigo|Go-Daigo]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Daigo|Go-Daigo]]
| 1318
| 1339
| 1339
| [[Emperor Go-Murakami|Go-Murakami]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Komyo|Kōmyō]] (North)
| 1336
| 1348
| 1380
| [[Emperor Suko|Sukō]] (North)
|
|-
| [[Emperor Suko|Sukō]] (North)
| 1348
| 1351
| 1398
| [[Emperor Go-Kogon|Go-Kōgon]] (North)
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Kogon|Go-Kōgon]] (North)
| 1352
| 1371
| 1374
| [[Emperor Go-En'yū|Go-En'yū]] (North)
|
|-
| [[Emperor Chokei|Chōkei]] (South)
| 1368
| 1383
| 1394
| [[Emperor Go-Kameyama|Go-Kameyama]] (South)
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-En'yū|Go-En'yū]] (North)
| 1371
| 1382
| 1393
| [[Emperor Go-Komatsu|Go-Komatsu]] (North)
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Kameyama|Go-Kameyama]] (South)
| 1383
| 1392
| 1424
| [[Emperor Go-Komatsu|Go-Komatsu]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Komatsu|Go-Komatsu]]
| 1382 (N) 1392 (S)
| 1412
| 1433
| [[Emperor Shoko|Shōkō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Hanazono|Go-Hanazono]]
| 1428
| 1464
| 1471
| [[Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado|Go-Tsuchimikado]]
|[[Emperor Go-Hanazono]] abdicated in 1464, but not long afterwards, the {{nihongo|[[Ōnin War]]|応仁の乱|Ōnin no Ran}} broke out; there were no further abdications until 1586, when [[Emperor Ōgimachi]] passed the throne to his grandson, [[Emperor Go-Yōzei]]. This was due to the disturbed state of the country; and the fact that there was neither a house for an ex-emperor nor money to support him or it.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). ''Kyoto: the Old Capital, 794-1869'', pp. 340-341.</ref>
|-
| [[Emperor Ogimachi|Ogimachi]]
| 1557
| 1586
| 1593
| [[Emperor Go-Yozei|Go-Yōzei]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Yozei|Go-Yōzei]]
| 1586
| 1611
| 1617
| [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo|Go-Mizunoo]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo|Go-Mizunoo]]
| 1611
| 1629
| 1680
| [[Empress Meisho|Meishō]]
|
|-
| [[Empress Meisho|Meishō]]
| 1629
| 1643
| 1696
| [[Emperor Go-Komyo|Go-Kōmyō]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Go-Sai|Go-Sai]]
| 1655
| 1663
| 1685
| [[Emperor Reigen|Reigen]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Reigen|Reigen]]
| 1663
| 1687
| 1732
| [[Emperor Higashiyama|Higashiyama]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Higashiyama|Higashiyama]]
| 1687
| 1709
| 1710
| [[Emperor Nakamikado|Nakamikado]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Nakamikado|Nakamikado]]
| 1709
| 1735
| 1737
| [[Emperor Sakuramachi|Sakuramachi]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Sakuramachi|Sakuramachi]]
| 1735
| 1747
| 1750
| [[Emperor Momozono|Momozono]]
|
|-
| [[Emperor Momozono|Momozono]]
| 1747
| 1762
| 1762
| [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi|Go-Sakuramachi]]
|
|-
| [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi|Go-Sakuramachi]]
| 1762
| 1771
| 1813
| [[Emperor Go-Momozono|Go-Momozono]]
| In the [[history of Japan]], [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi]] was the last of eight women to take on the role of [[empress regnant]].  The seven female monarchs who reigned before Go-Sakuramachi were [[Empress Suiko|Suiko]], [[Empress Kōgyoku|Kōgyoku]] (Saimei), [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Empress Genmei|Genmei]], [[Empress Genshō|Genshō]], [[Empress Kōken|Kōken]] (Shōtoku), and [[Empress Meishō|Meishō]].
She reigned from 15 September 1762 to 9 January 1771 and died on 24 December 1813.
|-
| [[Emperor Kokaku|Kōkaku]]
| 1780
| 1817
| 1840
| [[Emperor Ninko|Ninkō]]
| Prior to the start of the [[third millennium]] the last emperor to become a ''jōkō'' was [[Emperor Kōkaku|Kōkaku]] in 1817. He later created an incident called the "''Songo'' incident" (the "respectful title incident").  The jōkō disputed with the [[Tokugawa Shogunate]] about his intention to give a title of Abdicated Emperor (''Daijō-tennō'') to his father, who was Imperial Prince [[Sukehito]].<ref>[http://jpimg.digital.archives.go.jp/kouseisai/category/emaki/sakuramachi_e.html ...''Sakuramachiden Gyokozu'': information in caption text] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119222417/http://jpimg.digital.archives.go.jp/kouseisai/category/emaki/sakuramachi_e.html |date=2008-01-19 }}</ref>
He died on 11 December 1840.
|-
| [[Emperor Akihito|Akihito]]
| 1989
| 2019
| Living
| [[Emperor Naruhito|Naruhito]]
|{{see|2019 Japanese imperial transition}}
The special law authorizing the abdication of Emperor [[Akihito]] on 30 April 2019 provides that the title of ''Jōkō'' will be revived for him. As there was no official English translation of the title of ''Jōkō'' previously, the Imperial Household Agency decided to define it as "Emperor Emeritus".<ref name="Nippon.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2019022501074/emperor-akihito-to-be-called-emperor-emeritus-after-abdication.html|title=Emperor Akihito to Be Called Emperor Emeritus after Abdication|date=25 February 2019|website=Nippon.com|access-date=30 April 2019|archive-date=21 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321135451/https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2019022501074/emperor-akihito-to-be-called-emperor-emeritus-after-abdication.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}
==Abdication during the Empire of Japan==
===Emperor Kōmei and the Shōgun===
Commodore [[Matthew C. Perry]] and his squadron of what the Japanese dubbed "the [[Black Ships]]" sailed into [[Tokyo Bay|the harbor]] at [[Edo]] (now known as [[Tokyo]]) in July 1853. Perry sought to open Japan to trade, and warned the Japanese of military consequences if they did not agree.<ref name = "uneq"/> During the crisis brought on by Perry's arrival, the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] took, for the first time in at least 250 years, the highly unusual step of consulting with the Imperial Court, and [[Emperor Kōmei]]'s officials advised that they felt the Americans should be allowed to trade and asked that they be informed in advance of any steps to be taken upon Perry's return.<ref>{{Harvnb|Keene|2002|p=18.}}</ref> Feeling at a disadvantage against Western powers, the Japanese government allowed trade and submitted to the "[[Unequal Treaties]]", giving up tariff authority and the right to try foreigners in its own courts.<ref name = "uneq">{{Harvnb|Gordon|2009|pp=50–51.}}</ref> The shogunate's willingness to consult with the Imperial Court was short-lived: in 1858, word of [[Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan)|a treaty]] arrived with a letter stating that due to shortness of time, it had not been possible to consult. Emperor Kōmei was so incensed that he threatened to abdicate—though even this action would have required the consent of the shōgun.<ref>{{Harvnb|Keene|2002|pp=39–41.}}</ref>
===Meiji constitution on abdication===
[[Emperor Meiji]] wished to allow a clause codifying the right to abdicate and the formal institution of Daijō Tennō in the new [[Meiji Constitution]]. The Prime Minister refused, stating that the Emperor should be above politics, and that in the past, the role of Daijō Tennō had most definitely been employed in the opposite fashion.
===Emperor Taishō and regency===
In 1921, it became clear that [[Emperor Taishō|Emperor Yoshihito]] (later known by his reign name, Taishō, after death) was mentally incapacitated. In pre-modern Japan, he would have been forced to abdicate, but he was left in place and Crown Prince Hirohito (later Emperor [[Hirohito]]) was made [[Sesshō and Kampaku|Sesshō]] (regent).
==Modern Era==
In 2019, then Emperor Akihito abdicated in favour of then Crown Prince Naruhito. He was the first Emperor of Japan to abdicate in modern times.
==See also==
* [[Emeritus]]
* [[Taishang Huang]] – retired Chinese emperor
* [[Taesangwang]] – retired Korean ruler
* [[Retired Emperor (disambiguation)]]
==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist|2}}
===Bibliography===
* Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Jien]] (1221)], ''[[Gukanshō]]; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida.'' Berkeley: [[University of California Press]].  {{ISBN|0-520-03460-0}}
*{{cite book |last=Gordon |first=Andrew |title= A Modern History of Japan: From Tokugawa Times to the Present |year= 2009|publisher= [[Oxford University Press]]|isbn= 978-0-19-533922-2|edition=2nd}}
*{{cite book |last= Keene| first=Donald |title= Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912 | author-link  =Donald Keene|year= 2002|publisher=Columbia University Press}}  {{ISBN|023112340X}}/{{ISBN|9780231123402}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46731178 OCLC 46731178]
* Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A. B. (1956). ''Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869.'' Kyoto: The Ponsonby Memorial Society.
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh]], Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/[[Hayashi Gahō]] (1652)], ''[[Nipon o daï itsi ran]]; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon.''  Paris: [[Royal Asiatic Society|Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland]].[https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran --Click for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)]
* Varley, H. Paul, ed. (1980). <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Kitabatake Chikafusa]] (1359)], ''[[Jinnō Shōtōki]] ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley).'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]].  {{ISBN|0-231-04940-4}}
==External links==
* National Archives of Japan. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080119222417/http://jpimg.digital.archives.go.jp/kouseisai/category/emaki/sakuramachi_e.html Scroll showing procession of Emperor Kōkaku who abdicated in ''Bunka'' 14 (1817)]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Daijo Tenno}}
[[Category:Ancient Japanese institutions]]
[[Category:Emperors of Japan| ]]
[[Category:Abdication]]
[[Category:Japanese emperors who abdicated| ]]