View source for Dame Street

{{short description|Street in central Dublin, Ireland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox street
| name        = Dame Street
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| native_name = {{native name|ga|Sráid an Dáma}}
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| image       = DameStreetDublinD02.jpg
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| caption     = Dame Street, Dublin
| map_type    = Ireland Central Dublin
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| namesake    = A medieval [[dam]] on the [[River Poddle]]
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| length_m    = 300
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| width       = {{Convert|20|m}}
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| postal_code = [[Dublin 2|D02]]
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| coordinates = {{coord|53|20|39|N|6|15|53|W|region:IE_type:landmark|display=it}}
| direction_a = west
| terminus_a  = Cork Hill, outside [[City Hall, Dublin|City Hall]]
| direction_b = east
| terminus_b  = [[College Green, Dublin|College Green]]
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| known_for   = banks, restaurants
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'''Dame Street''' ({{IPAc-en|'|d|ei|m}}; {{irish place name|Sráid an Dáma|no_translate=yes}}) is a large thoroughfare in [[Dublin]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]].
==History==
[[File:Dame Street in the centre of Dublin (31402703004).jpg|thumb|left|Dame Street in 1898]]
The street takes its name from a dam built across the [[River Poddle]] to provide water power for milling.{{sfn|Casey|2005|p=414}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Clerkin|first=Paul|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48467800|title=Dublin street names|date=2001|publisher=Gill & Macmillan|isbn=0-7171-3204-8|location=Dublin|pages=53–54|oclc=48467800}}</ref> First appears in records under this name around 1610 but in the 14th century was also known as "the street of Theng-mote" or Teyngmouth Street.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=M'Cready|first=C. T.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/263974843|title=Dublin street names dated and explained|date=1987|publisher=Carraig|isbn=1-85068-005-1|location=Blackrock, Co. Dublin|pages=29|oclc=263974843}}</ref> It appears later as Dammastrete and Damask-street. There was a medieval church of [[St. Mary del Dam]] which was demolished in the seventeenth century. Sir [[Maurice Eustace (Lord Chancellor)|Maurice Eustace]], [[Lord Chancellor of Ireland]] 1660–1665, built his townhouse, Damask, on the site.<ref>Somerville-Woodward, Robert and Morris, Nicola  "17 Eustace Street-a history" Timeline Research Ltd. 2007</ref> There was a side street called Dame's-gate, also known as the gate of S. Mary, which was adjoining St. Mary del Dam church, recorded in 1552 and demolished in 1698.<ref name=":0" /> The street was widened by the [[Wide Streets Commission]] in 1769 and developed into the city's financial centre.<ref name=":1" />
Among the notable residents was [[Francesco Geminiani]], whose house on Dame Street had a concert hall attached.{{sfn|Maxwell|1997|p=121}} Unlike [[O'Connell Street]] and other previously fashionable streets, Dame Street continued to remain fashionable and prosperous after the [[Acts of Union 1800|Act of Union]] in 1801.{{sfn|Maxwell|1997|p=299}}
==Location==
During the day, the street is busy, due to its central location in the city. It is a five-minute walk to the shopping area of [[Grafton Street]] and ten minutes from [[O'Connell Street]]. The [[Temple Bar, Dublin|Temple Bar]] area of the city is located directly north of the street. [[Daly's Club]] was founded in the 1750s at numbers 1-3 Dame Street and remained there until 1791, when it moved to [[College Green, Dublin|College Green]].<ref>T. H. S. Escott, ''Club Makers and Club Members'' (1913),  [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028066979#page/n371/mode/2up pp. 329–333]</ref>
==Architecture==
[[File:Gings of Dame Street Dublin.jpg|thumb|Row of shops which previously occupied Barnardos Square, circa 1973]]
The former Central Bank of Ireland headquarters, now known as [[Central Plaza (Dublin)|Central Plaza]], on Dame Street was built in 1975. It was initially higher than planning permission allowed, though this was retrospectively rectified.{{sfn|McDonald|1985|pp=165–175}} The new building was built on a parcel of land on which was a collection of Victorian and Georgian buildings including the Commercial Buildings. The Commercial Buildings dated from 1796, and were associated with the Ouzel Galley Society. This building also featured a paved courtyard which served as a pedestrian shortcut between [[Merchant's Arch]] and the [[Ha'penny Bridge]] beyond. Initially, planners wanted the facade of the building retained, but it was discarded, and eventually, a replica was constructed in the scheme. Commenting on the scheme in September 1972, ''[[Architects' Journal]]'' stated that the proposed building was "an exercise in how to do the greatest urban damage".{{sfn|McDonald|1985|p=166-170}} The Bank left the premises in March 2017, and moved to North Wall Quay.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Brennan|first=Cianan|date=2017-01-17|title=Central Bank completes sale of its Dublin HQ for €67 million|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/central-bank-building-sold-3190547-Jan2017/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118150700/http://www.thejournal.ie/central-bank-building-sold-3190547-Jan2017/ |archive-date=2017-01-18 |access-date=2021-01-11|website=TheJournal.ie|language=en}}</ref>
The street features a modern square, Barnardos Square in front of [[Dublin Castle]] and to the side of [[City Hall, Dublin|City Hall]]. The site had been occupied by a row of shops, one of which was the birthplace of the square's namesake, [[Thomas John Barnardo]].<ref name="Finlay">{{cite news |last1=Finlay |first1=Fergus |title=Thomas Barnardo changed the way we think about children |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/opinion/columnists/arid-20288189.html |access-date=27 January 2021 |work=Irish Examiner |date=23 September 2014 |language=en}}</ref> Before its redevelopment, the site had been cleared of the Georgian terrace of buildings which were demolished in the mid-1970s as part of a road-widening development. One of the surviving buildings from the block is the headquarters of [[the Sick and Indigent Roomkeepers' Society]]. In the 1980s there was a proposal to create a park on the site.{{sfn|McDonald|1985|p=318-319}}
==Occupy protests==
[[File:Central bank-doyler79.jpg|right|thumb|The former Central Bank building, Dame Street]]
The [[Occupy Dame Street]] protest began in October 2011 directly outside the then headquarters of the [[Central Bank of Ireland]], as part of the global [[Occupy movement]], and lasted until March 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2011/1008/damestreet.html|title='Occupy Dame Street' protest in Dublin|date=9 October 2011|access-date=9 October 2011|work=RTÉ News|publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2011/1010/damestreet.html|title=Occupy Dame Street protest enters third night|date=10 October 2011|access-date=10 October 2011|work=RTÉ News|publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2011/1105/1224307105697.html|title='Occupy Dame Street' campaign prepared for long haul|date=5 November 2011|access-date=5 November 2011|first=Cían|last=Nihill|newspaper=The Irish Times|publisher=Irish Times Trust}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[College Green, Dublin]]
* [[Occupy Dame Street]]
* [[List of streets and squares in Dublin]]
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==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist|30em}}
===Sources===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|title=Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park|first=Christine|last=Casey|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-30010-923-8}}
* {{cite book|title=The Destruction of Dublin|first=Frank|last=McDonald|publisher=Gill and MacMillan|year=1985|isbn=0-7171-1386-8}}
* {{cite book|title=Dublin Under the Georges|first=Constantia|last=Maxwell|publisher=Lambay Books|year=1997|isbn=0-7089-4497-3}}
{{refend}}
{{Commons category|Dame Street, Dublin}}
{{Streets in Dublin city|state=autocollapse}}
[[Category:Streets in Dublin (city)]]
[[Category:Restaurant districts and streets]]