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{{Infobox settlement
|name                        = Diakhao
|settlement_type             = Town and [[Communes of Senegal|commune]]
|total_type                  = Town and [[Communes of Senegal|commune]]
|pushpin_map                 = Senegal
|map_caption                 = Location in Senegal
|coordinates                 = {{coord|14.46209|N|16.29039|W|display=inline}}
|subdivision_type            = Country
|subdivision_name            = {{SEN}}
|subdivision_type1           = Region
|subdivision_name1           = [[Fatick Region]]
|subdivision_type2           = Department
|subdivision_name2           = [[Fatick Department]]
|area_total_km2              = 11.71
|population_footnotes        = <ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/senegal/mun/admin/fatick/SN03010153__diakhao/ Citypopulation.de] Population and area of Diakhao Commune</ref>
|population_as_of            = 2023 census
|population_total            = 5590
|population_density_km2      = auto
}}
'''Diakhao''' ([[Serer language|Serer proper]] : '''Jaxaaw'''<ref>{{in lang|fr}} [[Henry Gravrand|Gravrand, Henry]], "La Civilisation Sereer - Cosaan", Nouvelles Editions africaines (1983), p 202, {{ISBN|2-7236-0877-8}}</ref>) is a small town and commune in the [[Fatick Region]] in the west of [[Senegal]].
==History==
{{Further|Serer history (medieval era to present)|The Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune}}
Diakhao was the last capital of the pre-colonial [[Serer people|Serer]]  [[Kingdom of Sine]].<ref>{{in lang|en}} Sheridan, Michael J., Nyamweru, Celia, " African sacred groves: ecological dynamics & social change", James Currey (2008), p 141, {{ISBN|0-8214-1789-4}}</ref>  It has several sites classified as historical monuments.<ref>Arrêté du 27 mars 2003 [http://www.culture.gouv.sn/article.php3?id_article=137 Senegal Ministry of Culture] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207094223/http://www.culture.gouv.sn/article.php3?id_article=137 |date=February 7, 2012 }}</ref> It houses the tombs of the [[:Category:Serer royalty|Serer kings]] such as [[Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof]] (king of Sine), the tombs of the [[Guelowar]]s, the [[Lingeer]]s and the Kanger (or ''Kangeer'') [[Adansonia digitata|baobab]], a place of libation of the kings of Sine ([[Maad a Sinig]]).
In 1867 at the [[Surprise of Mbin o Ngor]] (a surprise attack against the Serers by the Muslim [[marabout]] which precipitated [[the Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune]]), Diakhao was burned to the ground by the marabouts. To rebuild his capital (Diakhao), Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak implemented new [[tax]] measures throughout the Sine. Although Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak had no problem collecting taxes in other areas of Sine, he failed in [[Joal]], one of the principalities of Sine occupied by the French administration.  For years he tried to exercise his authority in Joal. In August 1871, he went to Joal to deal with the French and exercise his authority in the area. He was assassinated.<ref>{{in lang|fr}} [[Alioune Sarr|Sarr, Alioune]], "Histoire du Sine-Saloum (Sénégal)." Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. Version légèrement remaniée par rapport à celle qui est parue en 1986-87. pp 37-39</ref><ref>{{in lang|en}} Klein, Martin A., "Islam and Imperialism in Senegal, [[Sine-Saloum]] 1847–1914", [[Edinburgh University Press]] (1968), pp 56-106, {{ISBN|0-85224-029-5}}</ref><ref>{{in lang|fr}} "L'epopee de Sanmoon Fay", Ethiopiques n°54 revue semestrielle de culture négro-[[africa]]ine Nouvelle série volume 7 2<sup>e</sup> semestre (1991)</ref>
==Administration==
Diakhao is a rural commune in the [[Fatick Department|Department of Fatick]] (in [[Fatick Region]]).<ref>{{in lang|en}} Colvin, Lucie Gallistel, "The Uprooted of the western Sahel: migrants' quest for cash in the Senegambia", Praeger (1981),pp 149-155</ref>
==Geography==
The closest localities are Soror, Gadoguene, Ndidor, Tela, Maronem, Ngekor, Ndofene, [[Ndofane]] and Ndielem Farha.
==Population==
Diakhao, which is inhabited by the [[Serer people]] is one of the [[:Category:Serer country|Serer countries]].<ref>{{in lang|en}} Colvin, Lucie Gallistel, "The Uprooted of the western Sahel: migrants' quest for cash in the Senegambia" Praeger (1981), pp 151-156</ref><ref>{{in lang|fr}} [https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:GrRvGvCWENEJ:www.geradsn.org/etudes/pagt/diakhao.pdf+Diakhao+Activit%C3%A9s+%C3%A9conomiques&hl=en&gl=uk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgcd7FUF5L9lU3NeraeZMHW2sGwXLQgiM6_S48WhpN79cQ5RQp6UumWAjlLJDI_awPKl2F4A61CqH7a0xuWefNZKCT3wKqt5ySBrzzV150BGROHXpSMkjObbqlLI58eoiM1nFH5&sig=AHIEtbTS4A9DroyC7Q5y8Sj6Vz8uLmiEVQ RÉPUBLIQUE DU SÉNÉGAL]</ref>  According to PEPAM (Programme d'eau potable et d'assainissement du Millénaire), the estimated population is 3429.<ref>{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.pepam.gouv.sn/acces.php?idloc=09111006 Diakhao (in) PEPAM] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160330201341/http://www.pepam.gouv.sn/acces.php?idloc=09111006 |date=2016-03-30 }}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Serer ancient history]]
*[[:Category:Serer royalty|Index of Serer royalty]]
{{Portal|Senegal|Geography}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{in lang|en}} [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/SG/09/Diakhao.html Maps, weather and airports for Diakhao]
*{{in lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160330201341/http://www.pepam.gouv.sn/acces.php?idloc=09111006 Diakhao sur le site PEPAM] (Programme d'eau potable et d'assainissement du Millénaire)
*{{in lang|fr}} [https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:GrRvGvCWENEJ:www.geradsn.org/etudes/pagt/diakhao.pdf+Diakhao+Activit%C3%A9s+%C3%A9conomiques&hl=en&gl=uk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgcd7FUF5L9lU3NeraeZMHW2sGwXLQgiM6_S48WhpN79cQ5RQp6UumWAjlLJDI_awPKl2F4A61CqH7a0xuWefNZKCT3wKqt5ySBrzzV150BGROHXpSMkjObbqlLI58eoiM1nFH5&sig=AHIEtbTS4A9DroyC7Q5y8Sj6Vz8uLmiEVQ RÉPUBLIQUE DU SÉNÉGAL]
{{coord|14|28|N|16|18|W|region:SN-FK_type:city_source:kolossus-frwiki|display=title}}
{{Serer topics|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Populated places in Fatick Region]]
[[Category:Communes of Senegal]]