View source for Directly elected member (Macau)

{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox constituency
|type= [[Geographical constituency|Geographical]]
|name= Macau
|year= [[1976 Macanese legislative election|1976]]
|abolished=
|parl_name= [[Legislative Assembly of Macau]]
|member=
|image= Macau_Constituency.svg
|map1        =
|map_entity  =
|map_size    =
|region=[[Macau]]
|elects_howmany=14 (2013–)<br/>12 (2005–2013)<br/>10 (2001–2005)<br/>8 (1992–2001)<br/>6 (1976–1992)
|electorate=
|previous=
|next=
}}
{{Politics of Macau}}{{Unreferenced|date=July 2024}}
'''Macau''' is the only geographical [[constituency]] in the elections for the [[Legislative Assembly of Macau]], with three sub-geographical constituencies under it.
== Overview ==
The constituency was set up in 1976 election when the [[highest averages method]] of the [[Closed list|closed]] [[party-list proportional representation]] electoral system was introduced. No change of boundary had been made throughout since 1976.
The constituency covers all the [[Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau|parishes and zone]] in [[Macau]]. Members have been elected under [[proportional representation]] with seats apportioned under the [[highest averages method]] using the [[D'Hondt method]]. Suffrage was opened to Macau Residents without Portuguese citizenship in 1984.
== Background ==
The constituency was formed since the 1976 legislative election. Seats for the constituency have gradually increased.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Distribution of seats
!
!Direct suffrage
!Total
!Percentage
|-
![[1976 Macanese legislative election|1976]]
| rowspan="4" |6
| rowspan="4" |17
| rowspan="4" |35.3%
|-
![[1980 Macanese legislative election|1980]]
|-
![[1984 Macanese legislative election|1984]]
|-
![[1988 Macanese legislative election|1988]]
|-
![[1992 Macanese legislative election|1992]]
| rowspan="2" |8
| rowspan="2" |23
| rowspan="2" |34.8%
|-
![[1996 Macanese legislative election|1996]]
|-
![[2001 Macanese legislative election|2001]]
|10
|27
|37.0%
|-
![[2005 Macanese legislative election|2005]]
| rowspan="2" |12
| rowspan="2" |29
| rowspan="2" |41.4%
|-
![[2009 Macanese legislative election|2009]]
|-
![[2013 Macanese legislative election|2013]]
| rowspan="3" |14
| rowspan="3" |33
| rowspan="3" |42.4%
|-
![[2017 Macanese legislative election|2017]]
|-
![[2021 Macanese legislative election|2021]]
|}
==Return Members==
Below are all the members since the creation of the Macau constituency.
{| class="wikitable"
! Election
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[1976 Macanese legislative election|1976]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[1980 Macanese legislative election|1980]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[1984 Macanese legislative election|1984]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[1988 Macanese legislative election|1988]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[1992 Macanese legislative election|1992]]
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 7 | [[Carlos d'Assumpção]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|ADIM]] (1976–1984), [[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|UE]] (1984–1992)''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Progress Promotion Union}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Leong Heng Teng]]<br />''[[Progress Promotion Union|UNIPRO]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 3 | [[Diamantino de Oliveira Ferreira|Diamantino Ferreira]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|ADIM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Manuel de Mesquita Borges|Manuel Borges]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|UE]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Friendship Association}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Leong Kam Chu]]<br />''AAAH''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Tong Chi Kin]]<br />''[[Union for Development|UPD]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Susana Chou]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|ADIM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Centre of Macau}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Joaquim Jorge Perestrelo Neto Valente|Joaquim Valente]]<br />''[[Democratic Centre of Macau|CDM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Lau Cheok Va|Lau Cheok Vá]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|UE]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Lao Kuoung Po]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|UE]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Progress Promotion Union}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Kou Hoi In]]<br />''[[Progress Promotion Union|UNIPRO]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Jorge Alberto da Conceição Hagedorn Rangel|Jorge Rangel]]<br />''GEDEC''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Joaquim Morais Alves|Joaquim Alves]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|ADIM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 3 | [[Leonel Alberto Alves|Leonel Alves]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|UE]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Democratic Macau Association}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Antonio Ng|António Ng]]<br />''ANMD''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Centre of Macau}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[José Patrício Guterres|José Guterres]]<br />''[[Democratic Centre of Macau|CDM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Leonel Melcíades dos Passos Boralho|Leonel Boralho]]<br />''GIMA''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Alberto Dias Ferreira|Alberto Ferreira]]<br />''ECP''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Friendship Association}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Wong Cheong Nam]]<br />''AAAH''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Fernando Chui]]<br />''[[Union for Development|UPD]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[José da Conceição Noronha|José Noronha]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|ADIM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Association for the Defense of Macau Interests}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Anabela Fátima Xavier Sales Ritchie|Anabela Ritchie]]<br />''[[Association for the Defense of Macau Interests|ADIM]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Friendship Association}}" |
| colspan = 5 | [[Alexandre Ho|Alexandre Hó]]<br />''FADM (1984–1988), AAAH (1988–1992), AA (1992–1996)''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan = 8 | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Unity for the Future of Macau}}" |
| [[Susana Chou]]<br />''UNIF''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan = 8 | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Labor Solidarity}}" |
| [[Alberto Madeira Noronha|Alberto Noronha]]<br />''LABOR''
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! Election
! style="width:1px;"|
![[1996 Macanese legislative election|1996]]
!
! 1996 (b)
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[2001 Macanese legislative election|2001]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[2005 Macanese legislative election|2005]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[2009 Macanese legislative election|2009]]
! style="width:1px;"|
! [[2013 Macanese legislative election|2013]]
!
![[2017 Macanese legislative election|2017]]
!
![[2021 Macanese legislative election|2021]]
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Chan Kai-kit]]<br />''APPEM''
| width="1px" style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Promoting Progress}}" |
| colspan="5" | [[Iong Weng Ian]]<br />''UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009)''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Promoting Progress}}" |
| colspan="5" | [[Ho Ion Sang]]<br />''UPP''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Promoting Progress}}" |
| [[Leong Hong Sai]]<br/>''UPP''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| colspan="3" |[[Liu Yuk Lun]]<br />''APPEM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan = 3 | [[Leong Iok Wa]]<br />''UPD''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Lee Chong Cheng]]<br />''UPD''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|United Citizens Association of Macau}}" |
| colspan="5" | [[Si Ka Lom]]<br />''ACUM''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Promoting Progress}}" |
| colspan="7" |[[Leong Heng Teng]]<br />''UNIPRO (1996–2001), UPP (2001–2009)''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Macau-Guangdong Union}}" |
| colspan="5" | [[Mak Soi Kun]]<br />''UMG''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Macau-Guangdong Union}}" |
| [[Lo Choi In]]<br/>''UMG''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: purple" |
| colspan="3" |[[Fong Chi Keong]]<br />''UDM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Convergence for Development}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Jorge Manuel Fão]]<br />''CODEM''
| width=1px style="background-color: skyblue" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Fong Chi Keong]]<br />''UBM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance for Change (Macau)}}" |
| colspan = 3 | [[Melinda Chan]]<br />''[[Alliance for Change (Macau)|MUDAR]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance for Change}}" |
|[[Lam Iok Fong]]<br/>''[[Macao Civic Power|Cívico]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Synergy of Macao}}" |
|[[Lam U Tou]]<br/>''[[Synergy of Macao|PS]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan="3" |[[Tong Chi Kin]]<br />''UPD''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan = 7 | [[Kwan Tsui Hang]]<br />''UPD''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan="3" |[[Lei Cheng-i]]''UPD''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|UNIPRO}}" |
| colspan="3" |[[Kou Hoi In]]<br />''UNIPRO''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Democratic Macau Association}}" |
| colspan="9" | [[Au Kam San]]<br />''ANMD''
| width="1px" style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Promoting Progress}}" |
| Ngan Iek Hang<br/>''UPP''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Convergence for Development}}" |
| colspan="7" |[[David Chow (politician)|David Chow]]<br />''CODEM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Prosperous Democratic Macau Association}}" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Paul Chan (Macanese politician)|Paul Chan]]<br />''APMD''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Macau-Guangdong Union}}" |
| colspan="5" | [[Zheng Anting]]<br />''UMG''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Prosperous Democratic Macau Association}}" |
| colspan="13" |[[António Ng]]<br />''ANMD (1996–2009), APMD (2009–)''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Women's General Association of Macau}}" |
| Ma Io Fong<br/>''[[Women's General Association of Macau|ABL]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan="4" | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: hotpink" |
| colspan = 1 | [[Vitor Cheung]]<br />''ARSEM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|United Citizens Association of Macau}}" |
| colspan = 5 | [[Chan Meng Kam]]<br />''ACUM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Women's General Association of Macau}}" |
| colspan="3" |[[Wong Kit Cheng]]<br/>''[[Women's General Association of Macau|ABL]]''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan="4" | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: lavender" |
| colspan = 1 | [[João Bosco Cheang]]<br />''AEA''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|United Citizens Association of Macau}}" |
| colspan = 3 | [[Ung Choi Kun]]<br />''ACUM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|United Citizens Association of Macau}}" |
| colspan="5" | [[Song Pek Kei]]<br />''ACUM''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan="6" | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Union for Macau’s Development}}" |
| colspan="7" | [[Angela Leong]]<br />''NUDM''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|United Citizens Association of Macau}}" |
| [[Lei Leong Wong]]<br/>''ACUM''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan="6" | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Hope}}" |
| colspan="9" | [[José Maria Pereira Coutinho]]<br />''NE''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan="10" | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Promoting Progress}}" |
| [[Wong Kit Cheng]]<br />''UPP''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|Union for Development}}" |
| colspan="3" |[[Leong Sun Iok]] ''UPD''
|-
! Deputy<br/>''Party''
! colspan="10" | New Seat
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Hope (Macau)}}" |
| [[Leong Veng Chai]]<br />''[[New Hope (Macau)|NE]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Macau Association}}" |
| [[Sulu Sou Ka Hou]]<br/>''[[New Macau Association|AMN]]''
| width=1px style="background-color: {{party color|New Hope (Macau)}}" |
|Che Sai Wang<br/>''[[New Hope (Macau)|NE]]''
|}
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Members of the Legislative Assembly of Macau| ]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly of Macau]]
[[Category:Constituencies established in 1976]]