View source for Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep

{{Short description|1934 poem by Clare Harner}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
[[File:Gravestone poem, St Peter’s church, Wapley, England arp.jpg|thumb|The [[poem]] on a [[gravestones|gravestone]] at St Peter’s church, [[Wapley]], England]]
"'''Do not stand by my grave and weep'''" is the first line and popular title of the bereavement poem "'''Immortality'''", written by Clare Harner in 1934. Often now used is a slight variant: "Do not stand at my grave and weep".
==Origins==
[[Kansas]] native Clare Harner (1909–1977) first published "Immortality" in the December 1934 issue of poetry magazine ''The Gypsy'' <ref name="Norsworthy">{{Cite journal|last=Norsworthy|first=Scott|date=September 1, 2018|title=Clare Harner's 'Immortality' (1934)|url=https://academic.oup.com/nq/article/65/3/423/5056203|journal=[[Notes and Queries]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=Oxford, England|language=en|volume=65|issue=3|pages=423–428|doi=10.1093/notesj/gjy084|issn=0029-3970|doi-access=free}}</ref> and was reprinted in their February 1935 issue. It was written shortly after the sudden death of her brother. Harner's poem quickly gained traction as a eulogy and was read at funerals in Kansas and [[Missouri]]. It was soon reprinted in the ''[[Kansas City Times]]'' and the ''Kansas City Bar Bulletin''.<ref name="Norsworthy" />{{rp|426}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=8 Feb 1935, 18 - The Kansas City Times at Newspapers.com|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/649187665/|access-date=2020-12-18|website=Newspapers.com|language=en}}</ref>
Harner earned a degree in industrial journalism and clothing design at [[Kansas State University]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Immortality (Do Not Stand By My Grave and Weep) by Clare Harner |url=https://www.yourdailypoem.com/listpoem.jsp?poem_id=322 |access-date=April 25, 2024}}</ref> Several of her other poems were published and anthologized. She married a [[United States Marine Corps|Marine]] named David Lyon, and appended his last name to hers. They moved to [[San Francisco]] where she continued to work as a journalist for [[Fairchild Fashion Media]].<ref name="Norsworthy" />{{rp|425}}
==Plagiarism==
The poem is often attributed to anonymous or incorrect sources, such as the [[Hopi]] and [[Navajo]] tribes.<ref name="Norsworthy"/>{{rp|423}} The most notable claimant was Mary Elizabeth Frye (1905–2004), who often handed out xeroxed copies of the poem with her name attached. She was first wrongly cited as the author of the poem in 1983.<ref>{{Cite web|title=9 Jun 1983, 17 - The Indianapolis News at Newspapers.com|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/312819271/|access-date=2020-12-18|website=Newspapers.com|language=en}}</ref> In her obituary, it was asserted that her authorship was "undisputed" and confirmed by ''[[Dear Abby]]''.<ref name="timesobit">{{cite news|title=Mary E. Frye|date=5 November 2004|newspaper=The Times|location=London, United Kingdom|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article2077955.ece|access-date=8 May 2011}}</ref> However, [[Pauline Phillips]] and her daughter [[Jeanne Phillips]], writing as Abigail van Buren, repeatedly confessed to their readers that they could not confirm who had written the popular poem.<ref name="Norsworthy" />{{rp|427–8}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=29 Feb 2004, Page 63 - The Cincinnati Enquirer at Newspapers.com|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/102604128/|access-date=2020-12-19|website=Newspapers.com|language=en}}</ref>
==Original version==
Below is the version published in ''The Gypsy'' of December 1934 (page 16), under the title "Immortality" and followed by the author's name and location: "CLARE HARNER, Topeka, Kan."<ref name="Norsworthy" />{{rp|424}}  The indentation and line breaks are as given there.
{{Poemquote|
{{in5}}Do not stand
{{in5}}{{in5}}By my grave, and weep.
{{in5}}I am not there,
{{in5}}{{in5}}I do not sleep—
I am the thousand winds that blow
I am the diamond glints in snow
I am the sunlight on ripened grain,
I am the gentle, autumn rain.
As you awake with morning’s hush,
I am the swift, up-flinging rush
Of quiet birds in circling flight,
I am the day transcending night.
{{in5}}Do not stand
{{in5}}{{in5}}By my grave, and cry—
{{in5}}I am not there,
{{in5}}{{in5}}I did not die.
|Clare Harner, ''The Gypsy'', December 1934}}
==Other versions==
[[File:Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep on grave.jpg|thumb|The poem on a gravestone in [[Mount Jerome]], Dublin, Ireland]]
[[File:Do_not_stand_at_my_grave_and_weep_Mary_Frye_modified.jpg|thumb|The poem, on a plaque at the Albin Memorial Gardens, Culling Road, London SE16]]
Other versions of the poem appeared later, usually without attribution, such as the one below.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Van Buren |first1=Abigail |title=Dear Abby column of June 21, 1996 |url=https://www.uexpress.com/dearabby/1996/6/21/1/absence-makes-wifes-heart-grow-suspicious |website=UExpress |access-date=29 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Differing words are shown in italics.
{{Poemquote|Do not stand {{em|at}} my grave and weep,
I am not there, I do not sleep.
I am {{em|a}} thousand winds that blow;
I am the diamond glints {{em|on the}} snow.
I am the sunlight on ripened grain;
I am the gentle {{em|autumn's}} rain.
{{em|When}} you {{em|awaken in the}} morning's hush,
I am the swift {{em|uplifting}} rush
Of quiet birds in {{em|circled}} flight.
I am the {{em|soft star that shines at}} night.
Do not stand {{em|at}} my grave and cry.
I am not there; I did not die.}}
The poem is twelve lines long, rhyming in [[couplet]]s. Each line is in [[iambic tetrameter]], except for lines five and seven, the fifth having an extra syllable, the seventh, two extra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bulbapp.com/u/poem-do-not-stand-at-my-grave-and-weep-mary-elizabeth-frye|title=Poem: "Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep" (Mary Elizabeth Frye)|website=www.bulbapp.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ipl.org/essay/Analysis-Of-Do-Not-Stand-At-My-PKFEPJB74AJPR|title=Analysis Of Do Not Stand At My Grave And Weep &#124; ipl.org|website=www.ipl.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://katiejoslintv.blogspot.com/2017/11/fiction-adaptation-research-into-do-not.html|title=Katie Joslin TV Blog: FICTION ADAPTATION: Research into Do Not Stand at my Grave and Weep & Mary Elizabeth Frye|first=Katie|last=Joslin|date=22 November 2017}}</ref>
==In popular culture==
*It is one of the poems recited by the children in an Irish reform school in the film ''[[Song for a Raggy Boy]]''.
* It provides the lyric in the popular choir anthem "In Remembrance", with music by Eleanor Daey and lyrics attributed to "anonymous". Copyright 1995 by Gordon V. Thompson Music, Toronto, Canada.
* [[John Wayne]] read the poem "from an unspecified source" on December 29, 1977, at the memorial service for film director [[Howard Hawks]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McBride|first=Joseph|date=1978|title=HAWKS|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43450937|journal=Film Comment|volume=14|issue=2|pages=36–71|jstor=43450937|issn=0015-119X}}</ref> After hearing John Wayne's reading, script writer [[John Carpenter]] featured the poem in the 1979 television film ''[[Better Late Than Never (1979 film)|Better Late Than Never]]''.<ref name="Norsworthy"/>{{rp|426}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Anderson|first=Charles R.|date=1997|title=The Permanence of Print|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20863206|journal=Reference & User Services Quarterly|volume=37|issue=1|pages=15–16|jstor=20863206|issn=1094-9054}}</ref><ref name="Peterson">{{Cite news |last=Peterson |first=Bettelou |date=15 November 1981 |title=Spotty Reception |language=en |at=page 158 of issue at newspapers.com; page 4 of ''The TV Book'' section  |work=[[Detroit Free Press]] |url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/99807950/ |access-date=December 18, 2020 |quote=[T]he poem that was used{{nbsp}}[...] in the NBC movie ''Better Late Than Never''{{nbsp}}[...] The graveside eulogy, read by Harold Gould in the 1979 movie, caught many ears the first time around too. John Carpenter, one of the co-authors of the script, said he heard 'Immortality,' credited to the late Clara Harner Lyon, of California, read by John Wayne at the 1977 funeral of director Howard Hawks.  |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>
* A common reading at funerals and remembrance ceremonies, the poem was introduced to many in the United Kingdom when it was read by the father of a soldier killed by a bomb in [[Northern Ireland]]. The soldier's father read the poem on BBC radio in 1995 in remembrance of his son, who had left the poem among his personal effects in an envelope addressed 'To all my loved ones'.
* The poem's first four lines are engraved on one of the stones of the Everest Memorial, Chukpi Lhara, in Dhugla Valley, near [[Mount Everest|Everest]]. Reference to the wind and snow and the general theme of the poem, the absence of the departed, particularly resonate with the loved ones of those who "disappeared" in the mountain range to whom the memorial is dedicated.
* It is also reproduced on the gravestone of the actor [[Charles Bronson]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 27, 2021|title=THE GRAVES OF CHARLES BRONSON & JILL IRELAND (Part 3 in Vermont). Brownsville Cemetery, Brownsville.|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjzXIf_k1X8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211214/LjzXIf_k1X8 |archive-date=2021-12-14|url-status=live|access-date=August 1, 2021|website=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* The poem is also used as the lyrics in the song "Still Alive" by [[D.E.Q]].
* The first and last couplets are adapted and used as part of the lyrics in the song "Another Time" by [[Lyriel]].
* The poem is recited in "[[Welcome to Kanagawa]]" by the character [[Karen McCluskey]] ([[Kathryn Joosten]]), a season four episode of ''[[Desperate Housewives]]''.
* The poem was adapted as the lyrics in the song "Prayer" by [[Lizzie West]].
* The last four lines of the poem were recited among others in ''[[Getting Over It with Bennett Foddy]]''.
* The poem is read by Lisa (played by [[Kerry Godliman]]), the dying wife of lead character Tony (played by [[Ricky Gervais]]) in the final episode of the Netflix series [[After Life (TV series)|''After Life'']].
* The poem is sung in Season 5 Episode 2 of the NBC TV series ''[[Third Watch]]''.
* The poem is recited at the funeral of Sir Freddy Butler (played by [[Joss Ackland]]) by Lady Annabel Butler (played by [[Siân Phillips]]) in the Episode 3 of Season 9 of ''[[Midsomer Murders]]'' ("Vixen's Run").
* The poem was recited on live broadcast at the funeral of [[Michael Hutchence]], the founding member and lead singer of rock band [[INXS]], by his sister Tina Hutchence on 27 November 1997<ref>{{cite web |author1=TVW-7 Seven Perth |title=The Funeral of Michael Hutchence (November 1997) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuHUHXOofwo&t=2152s |website=Youtube |publisher=RtC Extra |access-date=6 September 2017 |ref=17 |language=en}}</ref>
* The poem is featured in the 2023 BBC television series ''[[The Woman in the Wall]]''.
* A Japanese translation of the poem, entitled ''[[Sen no Kaze ni Natte]]'', was put to music by Masafumi Akikawa and became a number one single. Others have also covered the song.
* A variation of the poem is part of the lyrics of "Requiem for Frenchcore", a hardstyle song by the artist Sefa
==BBC poll==
To coincide with [[National Poetry Day]] 1995, the British television programme ''The Bookworm'' conducted a poll to discover the nation's favourite poems, and subsequently published the winning poems in book form.<ref>{{cite book| title=The Nation's Favourite Poems| year=1996| publisher=BBC Books| isbn=978-0-563-38782-4}}</ref> The book's preface stated that "Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep" was "the unexpected poetry success of the year from Bookworm's point of view"; the poem had "provoked an extraordinary response... the requests started coming in almost immediately and over the following weeks the demand rose to a total of some thirty thousand. In some respects it became the nation's favourite poem by proxy... despite it being outside the competition."<ref>Geoff Stephens. [http://www.royblakeley.name/larry_blakeley/poetry/who_did_write_Geoff_Stephens200210.pdf "Who DID Write the Nation's Favourite Poem?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915114400/http://www.royblakeley.name/larry_blakeley/poetry/who_did_write_Geoff_Stephens200210.pdf |date=15 September 2012 }} October 2002. Retrieved 25 November 2012.</ref> This was all the more remarkable, since the name and nationality of the American poet did not become known until several years later. In 2004 ''[[The Times]]'' wrote: "The verse demonstrated a remarkable power to soothe loss. It became popular, crossing national boundaries for use on bereavement cards and at funerals regardless of race, religion or social status".<ref name="timesobit"/>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* {{cite web|
title=Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep|
work=The HyperTexts|
url=http://www.thehypertexts.com/Mary%20Elizabeth%20Frye%20Poet%20Poetry%20Picture%20Bio.htm
}}
* [https://www.nightskyventures.com/songInEveryLovelyThing.php "In Every Lovely Thing"]
* {{cite web|
title=do not stand at my grave and weep|
author=Alan Chapman|
work=Businessballs|
url=http://www.businessballs.com/donotstandatmygraveandweep.htm|
access-date=8 May 2011}}
* {{cite web|
title=Frequently asked for poems|
work=Saison Poetry Library|
location=London, England|
url=http://www.poetrylibrary.org.uk/queries/faps/#5|
access-date=8 May 2011|
archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719224937/http://www.poetrylibrary.org.uk/queries/faps/#5|
archive-date=19 July 2011|
url-status=dead}}
* [http://www.digtet.dk/72641079 Danish version of the poem]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTym0fGTk1s "내 영혼 바람되어"] A tribute of 147 musicians to Victims of Sewol Disaster. YouTube. Published on 6 May 2014.
* German version of the poem following rhyme and meter of the original [https://gedichte.xbib.de/Kottmann_gedicht_Steht+nicht+an+meinem+Grab+und+weint.htm KOTTMANN: STEHT NICHT AN MEINEM GRAB UND WEINT]
*'''[[Libera (choir)]]''':
:*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHZ1cuYSRh4 ''Do not Stand at my Grave and Weep''] (video; concert in [[Leiden]]-2007); Libera Official, 2011 (YouTube).
:*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6C7cB6lRtA ''Do not Stand at my Grave and Weep''] (''Eternal''; music); Libera Official, 2017 (YouTube).
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[[Category:1934 poems]]
[[Category:Poems about death]]