View source for Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond

{{Short description|Site at Gyeongju National Park, South Korea.}}
{{Infobox body of water
| name                 = Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond
| image                = Anapji Pond-Gyeongju-Korea-2006-09.jpg
| alt                  = Pond lined by a wall and two pavilions
| caption              =
| image_bathymetry     =
| caption_bathymetry   =
| location             = [[Gyeongju National Park]]
| coords               = {{coord|35|50|4.63|N|129|13|37.61|E|region:KR_type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
| type                 = Artificial pond
| inflow               =
| pushpin_map          = South Korea
| pushpin_map_alt      = Location in South Korea
| outflow              =
| catchment            =
| basin_countries      = South Korea
| length               =
| width                =
| area                 =
| depth                =
| max-depth            =
| volume               =
| residence_time       =
| shore                =
| elevation            =
| islands              = 3
| cities               =
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
| title = Korean name
| tablewidth = 250
| color = #CEDEFF
| hangul = 경주 동궁과 월지
| hanja  = {{linktext|慶|州}} {{linktext|東|宮}}과 {{linktext|月|池}}
| rr = Gyeongju Donggunggwa Wolji
| mr = Kyŏngju Tonggunggwa Wolchi
}}
'''Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond''', formerly known as '''Anapji''' ({{Korean|hangul=안압지}}), is an artificial [[pond]] in [[Gyeongju National Park]], [[South Korea]]. It was part of the palace complex of ancient [[Silla]] (57 BCE – 935 CE). It was constructed by order of [[Munmu of Silla|King Munmu]] in 674 CE. The pond is situated at the northeast edge of the [[Banwolseong]] palace site, in central [[Gyeongju]]. It is an oval shape; 200m from east to west and 180m from north to south. It contains three small islands.<ref name="doosan">{{cite web|url=http://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000850868|script-title=ko:안압지   |publisher= [[Doosan Encyclopedia]]|accessdate=2014-03-21|language=Korean}}</ref>
==History==
Anapji was originally located near the palace of Silla called [[Banwolseong]]. It is written in [[Samguk Sagi]]: "During the era of [[Munmu of Silla|King Munmu]], a new pond was made in the palace and flowers and birds flourished in this pond".{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} There is also mention of a royal reception held by [[Gyeongsun of Silla|King Gyeongsun]] in 931, when [[Silla]] was already crumbling.<ref name="anapji ekc">{{cite web|url=http://100.daum.net/encyclopedia/view.do?docid=b14a3191b|script-title=ko:안압지|publisher=Britannica Korea via [[Daum Communications|Daum]]|accessdate=2014-03-21|language=Korean|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140321100244/http://100.daum.net/encyclopedia/view.do?docid=b14a3191b|archive-date=2014-03-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> After the fall of Silla, the pond fell into disrepair for many centuries. The name ''Anapji'' appears in the 16th century [[Joseon]] era document ''Augmented Survey of the Geography of Korea'' ({{Korean|hangul=동국여지승람|hanja=東國輿地勝覽|labels=no}})<ref name="doosan" /> with the explanation that King Munmu made the pond with [[Taoist]] aesthetics.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}
==Renovation and excavation of relics==
As part of the renovation project of historic sites in [[Gyeongju]], Anapji was dredged and rebuilt in 1974. The long-term excavation project from March 1975 to December 1986 released a large number of relics from the pond. Research revealed that the pond had been surrounded by stone walls, and that 5 buildings had been standing on the pond's west to south sides. Waterway systems were also detected.
Almost 33,000 pieces of historic relics were excavated from the site. An abundance of unique and extraordinarily designed roof tiles, architectural materials, pottery, [[Ormolu|gilt bronze]] figures of [[Buddha]], jewelry, accessories and other everyday items were discovered, offering an insight to [[Buddhist]] art and everyday life in Silla.<ref name="anapji ekc"/> Gyeongju city government tried to work on restoration project once again in 2018 but it was suspended because [[UNESCO]] opposed the project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.joins.com/article/23306915|title=&#91;단독&#93; 경주시 '동궁과 월지' 복원, 유네스코 반대로 중단|date=21 January 2019|publisher=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|archiveurl=https://archive.org/details/joongangilbo-2019-01-21|archivedate=2021-11-03}}</ref>
==Tourist destination==
Anapji is currently allotted in Inwang-dong, [[Gyeongju]] and is part of [[Gyeongju National Park]]. Approximately 730 relics are on display at the Anapji Exhibition Hall, the special gallery of the [[Gyeongju National Museum]]. The site of ''Imhaejeon'' is also a part of the grounds, the most important building on the property and the structure used as the crown prince's palace. While some sites have been restored others have been left in the natural form.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=264367 |title=Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond |publisher=[[Korea Tourism Organization]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017013832/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=264367|archivedate=2015-10-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=1122450&cid=40942&categoryId=37713|title=안압지전시관|publisher= [[Doosan Encyclopedia]] via Naver|accessdate=2021-11-03|language=ko}}</ref>
==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed-hover">
File:Anapji Pond-Gyeongju-Korea-2006-02.jpg
File:Anapji Pond.jpg
File:Anapji, S Korea.jpg
File:Anapji wall.jpg|Anap Pond facing the Banwolseong palace site
File:Anapji Pond-Gyeongju-Korea-2006-07.jpg|A reconstructed pavilion at Anapji lake.
File:Korea-Gyeongju-Anapji Pond-04.jpg
File:Donggung Palace 01.jpg|Anapji at night
File:Donggung Palace 04.jpg|Anapji at night
File:Nyelloaa.jpg|Model reconstruction of the [[Anapji Pond]] royal complex.
</gallery>
==See also==
*[[Silla]]
*[[List of South Korean tourist attractions]]
*[[History of Korea]]
*[[Banwolseong]]
==References==
<references/>
*[[Daegu]] [[Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation|MBC]] editing team, ''Anapji'' p4, Book Sorie, Seoul, 2004. {{ISBN|89-90956-06-4}}.
==External links==
{{Commons}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100207134614/http://gyeongju.museum.go.kr/ Gyeongju National Museum]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100507085027/http://eguide.gyeongju.go.kr/ Gyeongju City official site] in English
*[http://jennyhouse.info/zboard/zboard.php?id=k_sang&no=17 The Architecture and Skyscraper Community of Korea]
*[http://www.orientalarchitecture.com/kyongju/ANAPJI.htm Asian Historical Architecture profile of Anapji]
[[Category:Bodies of water of South Korea]]
[[Category:Ponds of Asia]]
[[Category:Landforms of North Gyeongsang Province]]
[[Category:Silla]]
[[Category:Palaces in South Korea]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites in South Korea]]
[[Category:Buddhist archaeological sites in Korea]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Gyeongju]]
[[Category:Korean gardens]]