View source for Dungkhag

{{short description|Sub-district of a dzongkhag (district) of Bhutan}}
{{Contains special characters|Tibetan}}
{{Politics of Bhutan}}
A '''dungkhag''' ({{langx|dz|དྲུང་ཁག}}་ ''drungkhak'') is a sub-district of a [[dzongkhag]] (district) of [[Bhutan]]. The head of a dungkhag is a ''Dungpa''. As of 2007, nine of the twenty dzongkhags had from one to three dungkhags, with sixteen dungkhags in total.
==History==
Under Bhutan's first government Act of decentralization, the Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu Chathrim of 2002 Dungpas were given a non-voting seat on the Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu.<ref name=DYT02>{{citation |mode=cs1 |url=http://www.nationalcouncil.bt/images/stories/DYT_En_02.pdf |format=PDF |title=Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu Chathrim 2002 |chapter=Art. 3, § 7 |publisher=[[Government of Bhutan]] |date=2007-06-14 |access-date=2011-01-20 }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Under the Local Government Act of 2007, dungkhags provided general administration and coordination for two or more gewogs. As a result, some [[gewog]]s within a given district were directly subordinate to dungkhags while others are directly subordinate to [[dzongkhag]]s. Dungkhag Administrations guided and supported their constituent Gewog Administrations and implemented the decisions of the Dzongkhag Tshogdu. Dungpas were administrative executives that reported directly to the Dzongkhag administration. The Dungpa was empowered to attend the meetings of the Gewog Tshogdes as a non-voting member.<ref name=LGA07>{{citation |url=http://www.nab.gov.bt/downloadsact/Eng30.pdf |format=PDF |title=Local Government Act of Bhutan 2007 |chapter=§§ 2, 166–171 |publisher=[[Government of Bhutan]] |date=2007-07-31 |access-date=2011-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706163050/http://www.nab.gov.bt/downloadsact/Eng30.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-06}}</ref>
In addition to administrative functions, [[Dungkhag Court]]s were codified under the Judicial Act of 2007 and [[Constitution of Bhutan|Constitution of 2008]] as a court of first instance within the [[judicial system of Bhutan]]. These courts are subordinate to [[Dzongkhag Court]]s.<ref name=JA07>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalcouncil.bt/images/stories/Judicial_Ser_En_07.pdf |format=PDF |title=Judicial Service Act of Bhutan 2007 |publisher=[[Government of Bhutan]] |date=2007-02-20 |access-date=2011-01-20 }}{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=CoBE/>
Under the [[Local Government Act of Bhutan 2009|Local Government Act of 2009]], the administrative status of dungkhags is eschewed, and Dungpas are not specified to attend meetings of the Dzongkhag Tshogdu. The repeal of the Local Government Act of 2007 means that although dungkhags are no longer legal administrative divisions, they remain [[Royal Court of Justice|judicial]] and [[law enforcement in Bhutan|law enforcement]] jurisdictions under the Constitution.<ref name=CoBE>{{cite web |url=http://www.constitution.bt/TsaThrim%20Eng%20(A5).pdf |title=The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan |format=PDF |date=2008-07-18 |publisher=[[Government of Bhutan]] |access-date=2010-10-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162637/http://www.constitution.bt/TsaThrim%20Eng%20%28A5%29.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-06 }}</ref><ref name=LGA09>{{cite web|url=http://www.nab.gov.bt/downloadsact/Dzo74.pdf |format=PDF |title=Local Government Act of Bhutan 2009 |publisher=[[Government of Bhutan]] |date=2009-09-11 |access-date=2011-01-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162642/http://www.nab.gov.bt/downloadsact/Dzo74.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-06 }}</ref>
==List of dungkhags==
The internal territorial divisions of Bhutan, including dungkhags and their constituent [[gewog]]s, are subject to alteration by the [[Government of Bhutan]] through creation, transfer, and merger.<ref name=CoBE/><ref name=LGA09/> For example, in 2002, there were 199 gewogs in the 20 dzongkhags;<ref name=9FYP>{{cite web |url=http://www.health.gov.bt/healthFYP/9FYP/PartThree.pdf |format=PDF |title=<nowiki>[Ninth Five Year Plan]</nowiki> Part Three: Dzongkhag and Geog Health Sector |publisher=[[Government of Bhutan]], Ministry of Health |year=2002 |access-date=2011-01-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162637/http://www.health.gov.bt/healthFYP/9FYP/PartThree.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-06 }}</ref> by 2005, there were 205.<ref name=geohive>{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/bhutan.aspx |title=The Kingdom of Bhutan – Administrative Units |work=Geo Hive |access-date=2011-01-22}}</ref> In 2007, Lhamoizingkha Dungkhag was formally transferred from [[Sarpang District|Sarpang Dzongkhag]] to [[Dagana District|Dagana Dzongkhag]],<ref name=sarpang1>{{cite web|url=http://www.sarpang.gov.bt/newsDetail.php?id=13 |website=Sarpang Dzongkhag Administration |title=Handing-Taking |date=2008-03-19 |access-date=2011-01-23 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080319174041/http://www.sarpang.gov.bt/newsDetail.php?id=13 |archive-date = 2008-03-19}}</ref> affecting the town of Lhamoizingkha and three constituent gewogs – Lhamoizingkha, Deorali and Nichula (Zinchula) – that formed the westernmost part of Sarpang and became the southernmost part of Dagana.<ref name=sarpang2>{{cite web |url=http://www.gnhc.gov.bt/fyp/Dzongkhags/Sarpang.pdf |format=PDF |title=Sarpang Dzongkhag Ninth Plan (2002-2007) }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Such changes are reflected in the list below.
As of 2007, there were 16 dungkhags among nine of twenty Bhutanese [[dzongkhag]]s.<ref name=Statoids>{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/ybt.html |title=Gewogs of Bhutan |last=Law |first=Gwillim |work=Statoids online |year=2007 |access-date=2011-02-12}}</ref><ref name=BPP>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanpeoplesparty.org/introduction/admin_unit.htm |title=Administrative Units |publisher=[[Bhutan Peoples' Party]] |date=2007-07-22 |access-date=2011-02-12 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:66%; text-align:center" align="center"
! [[Dzongkhag]]<ref name=sarpang1/><ref name=BPP/>
! Dungkhag<ref name=sarpang1/><ref name=Statoids/><ref name=BPP/>
! [[Gewog]]<ref name=sarpang1/><ref name=BPP/>
|-
| rowspan=3 valign="top" | [[Chukha District|Chukha]]<br>[[Image:Chukha Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=3 valign="top" | 1. Phuentsholing<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/illegal-car-importers-sentenced/ |title=Illegal car importers sentenced |first=Pushkar |last=Chhetri |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-05-15 |access-date=2011-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119112730/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/illegal-car-importers-sentenced/ |archive-date=2011-01-19 }}</ref>
| [[Dala Gewog|Dala]]
|-
| [[Logchina Gewog|Logchina]]
|-
| [[Phuentsholing Gewog|Phuentsholing]]
|-
| rowspan=6 valign="top" | [[Dagana District|Dagana]]<br>[[Image:Dagana Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=3 valign="top" |
|
|-
|
|-
|
|-
| rowspan=3 valign="top" | 2. Lhamoi Zingkha<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/education-reaches-remote-children/ |title=Education reaches remote children |first=Rabi C. |last=Dahal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-02-03 |access-date=2011-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004210000/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/education-reaches-remote-children/ |archive-date=2012-10-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| [[Lhamoi Zingkha Gewog|Lhamoi Zingkha]]
|-
| [[Deorali Gewog|Deorali]]
|-
| [[Nichula Gewog|Nichula]]
|-
| rowspan=3 valign="top"| [[Pemagatshel District|Pema Gatshel]]<br>[[Image:Pemagatshel Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=3 valign="top"| 5. Nganglam<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/farm-road-goes-to-dechiling-gewog/ |title=Farm road goes to Dechiling Gewog |first=Gembo |last=Namgyal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-05-11 |access-date=2011-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120005459/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/farm-road-goes-to-dechiling-gewog/ |archive-date=2011-01-20 }}</ref>
| [[Dechenling Gewog|Dechenling]]
|-
| [[Choekhorling Gewog|Choekhorling]]
|-
| [[Norbugang Gewog (Pemagatshel)|Norbugang]]
|-
| rowspan=7 valign="top"| [[Samdrup Jongkhar District|Samdrup Jongkhar]]<br>[[Image:Samdrup Jongkhar Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=3 valign="top"| <ref name="Dahal">{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/branding-khamti-rice/ |title=Branding khamti rice |first=Rabi C. |last=Dahal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-02-12 |access-date=2011-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709224015/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/branding-khamti-rice/ |archive-date=2012-07-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|-
|
|-
|
|-
| rowspan=2 valign="top"| 6. Jomotsangkha<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/nganglam-finally-gets-a-bank/ |title=Road first, say Lauri and Serthi |first=Rabi C. |last=Dahal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-02-23 |access-date=2011-02-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119145530/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/nganglam-finally-gets-a-bank/ |archive-date=2011-01-19 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/contractor-fined-for-breach-of-terms/ |title=Contractor fined for breach of terms |first=Rabi C. |last=Dahal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-05-07 |access-date=2011-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120005602/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/contractor-fined-for-breach-of-terms/ |archive-date=2011-01-20 }}</ref>
| [[Lauri Gewog|Lauri]]
|-
| [[Serthi Gewog|Serthi]]
|-
| rowspan=2 valign="top"| 7. Samdrup Choling<ref name="Dahal"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/ginger-yield-slumps-in-pemathang/ |title=Ginger yield slumps in Pemathang |first=Rabi C. |last=Dahal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-02-19 |access-date=2011-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709223657/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/ginger-yield-slumps-in-pemathang/ |archive-date=2012-07-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| [[Pemathang Gewog|Pemathang]]
|-
| [[Phuntshothang Gewog|Phuntshothang]]
|-
| rowspan=10 valign="top"| [[Samtse District|Samtse]]<br>[[Image:Samtse Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=2 valign="top"|
|
|-
|
|-
| rowspan=3 valign="top"| 8. Dorokha<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/bdfcl-in-dorokha/ |title=BDFCL in Dorokha |first=Jigme |last=Wangchuck |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-05-23 |access-date=2011-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119111903/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/bdfcl-in-dorokha/ |archive-date=2011-01-19 }}</ref>
| [[Denchukha Gewog|Denchukha]]
|-
| [[Dorokha Gewog|Dorohka]]
|-
| [[Dungtoe Gewog|Dungtoe]]
|-
| rowspan=5 valign="top"| 9. Tashi Choling
| [[Bara Gewog|Bara]]
|-
| [[Tendu Gewog|Tendu]]
|-
| [[Biru Gewog|Biru]]
|-
| [[Lehereni Gewog|Lehereni]]
|-
| [[Sipsu Gewog|Sipsu]]
|-
| rowspan=4 valign="top"| [[Sarpang District|Sarpang]]<br>[[Image:Sarpang Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=4 valign="top"| 10. Gelephu
| [[Bhur Gewog|Bhur]]
|-
| [[Gelephu Gewog|Gelephu]]
|-
| [[Serzhong Gewog|Sherzhong]]
|-
| [[Taklai Gewog|Taklai]]
|-
| rowspan=3 valign="top"| [[Thimphu District|Thimphu]]<br>[[Image:Thimphu Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=3 valign="top"| 11. Lingzhi<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.trekkingbhutan.com/?p=158 |title=Thimphu |publisher=Bhutan Men-Lha Adventures |date=2009-04-17 |access-date=2011-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306114011/http://www.trekkingbhutan.com/?p=158 |archive-date=2012-03-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| [[Lingzhi Gewog|Lingzhi]]
|-
| [[Naro Gewog|Naro]]
|-
| [[Soe Gewog|Soe]]
|-
| rowspan=6 valign="top"| [[Trashigang District|Trashigang]]<br>[[Image:Trashigang Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=2 valign="top"| 12. Sakteng
| [[Merak Gewog|Merak]]
|-
| [[Sakten Gewog|Sakten]]
|-
| rowspan=2 valign="top"| 13. Thrimshing<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rspnbhutan.org/news-a-events/news-archive/177-training-for-community-forest-executive-members- |title=Training for Community Forest Executive Members |publisher=Royal Society for Protection of Nature (Bhutan) |year=2010 |access-date=2011-02-12 }}{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| [[Kangpara Gewog|Kangpara]]
|-
| [[Thrimshing Gewog|Thrimshing]]
|-
| rowspan=2 valign="top"| 14. Wamrong<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/teenage-pregnancy-remote-schools-concerned/ |title=Teenage pregnancy: remote schools concerned |first=Sonam |last=Rinchen |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2008-01-19 |access-date=2011-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120121309/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/teenage-pregnancy-remote-schools-concerned/ |archive-date=2011-01-20 }}</ref>
| [[Khaling Gewog|Khaling]]
|-
| [[Lumang Gewog|Lumang]]
|-
| rowspan=4 valign="top"|[[Zhemgang District|Zhemgang]]<br>[[Image:Zhemgang Bhutan location map.png|frameless|center|200px]]
| rowspan=4 valign="top"| 15. Panbang<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/fallow-fields-and-dying-trees/ |title=Fallow fields and dying trees |first=Rabi C. |last=Dahal |publisher=Bhutan Observer online |date=2010-03-22 |access-date=2011-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119043748/http://www.bhutanobserver.bt/fallow-fields-and-dying-trees/ |archive-date=2011-01-19 }}</ref>
| [[Bjoka Gewog|Bjoka]]
|-
| [[Goshing Gewog|Goshing]]
|-
| [[Ngangla Gewog|Ngangla]]
|-
| [[Phangkhar Gewog|Phangkhar]]
|-
|}
==See also==
*[[Dzongkhag]] ([[Districts of Bhutan|list]])
*[[Gewog]]
**[[Chiwog]]
***[[Villages of Bhutan]]
*[[Dungkhag Court]]
*[[Local Government Act of Bhutan 2009]]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Bhutan topics}}
[[Category:Subdivisions of Bhutan]]
[[Category:Types of administrative division]]