View source for Effects of Hurricane Jeanne in the Mid-Atlantic region

{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox weather event
| name = [[Hurricane Jeanne]]
| image = Jeanne 2004-09-27 1605Z.jpg
| caption = Tropical Storm Jeanne over the [[Southeastern United States]]
| no-history = y
}}{{Infobox weather event/NWS
| winds = 35
| pressure = 998
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
| year = 2004
| fatalities = 2 direct
| damage = 530000000
| areas = [[Delaware]], [[Maryland]], [[New Jersey]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Virginia]] and [[West Virginia]]
| refs =
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer
| season = [[2004 Atlantic hurricane season]]
| related = {{Hurricane Jeanne related}}
}}
The '''effects of Hurricane Jeanne in the Mid-Atlantic region''' of the United States included two fatalities and $530&nbsp;million (2004 [[United States dollar|USD]]; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|530000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in damage. Originating from a [[tropical wave]] off the coast of Africa in early September 2004, [[Hurricane Jeanne]] tracked through the [[Leeward Islands]] and [[Hispaniola]] for several days, resulting in extensive damage and an immense loss of life. After completing a clockwise loop between September&nbsp;22 and 24, the storm intensified into a [[Category 3 hurricane|major hurricane]] before striking the [[Bahamas]] and [[Florida]]. Substantially weaker, the system turned northeastward over [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] before affecting [[Delaware]], [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Maryland]], [[New Jersey]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Virginia]], and [[West Virginia]]; all of those states are in the [[Mid-Atlantic states|Mid-Atlantic]] region of the United States. By the evening of September&nbsp;26, the [[Hydrometeorological Prediction Center]] took over responsibility of monitoring the former hurricane over Virginia.
Throughout September&nbsp;28 and much of the following day, the remnants of Jeanne produced heavy, flooding rains in many states. Severe weather associated with the storm also resulted in isolated [[tornado]]es in a few states. Overall damage was severe, with Pennsylvania suffering nearly $300&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|530000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in losses alone. Two fatalities were also linked to the passage of Jeanne, one in both Virginia and Pennsylvania. Damage in the Mid-Atlantic states was estimated at $530&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|530000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD).
==Meteorological background==
[[File:Jeanne 2004 path.png|thumb|left|Track map of Hurricane Jeanne]]
Hurricane Jeanne was first identified by the [[National Hurricane Center]] (NHC) on September&nbsp;7, 2004 as a tropical wave off the coast of Africa. This system tracked west-northwest at a relatively slow pace, eventually reaching the [[Leeward Islands]] on September&nbsp;13. By this point, the wave had developed into a tropical depression, the eleventh of the [[2004 Atlantic hurricane season|season]]. Continuing its west-northwest track, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Jeanne before crossing [[Puerto Rico]] and attained hurricane intensity before making another [[landfall]] over the eastern tip of the [[Dominican Republic]]. After briefly weakening to a tropical depression off the coast of [[Haiti]], Jeanne turned sharply northward and regained tropical storm status. Weak steering currents in the vicinity of the storm caused it to take a long, clockwise loop roughly {{convert|575|mi|km|abbr=on|round=5}} east of the [[Bahamas]]. During this loop, Jeanne re-attained hurricane status although it fluctuated in intensity due to the upwelling of cooler waters. By September&nbsp;24, the storm maintained a steady westward track and reached Category&nbsp;3 strength on the [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale]].<ref name="TCR">{{cite web|author=Miles B. Lawrence and Hugh D. Cobb|publisher=[[National Hurricane Center]]|date=January 7, 2005|accessdate=May 22, 2015|title=Hurricane Jeanne Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL112004_Jeanne}}|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref>
On September&nbsp;25, Jeanne made landfall in southern Florida with winds of {{convert|120|mph|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}}. The hurricane gradually weakened to a tropical storm as it remained over the Florida peninsula. After turning northward and moving over Georgia, Jeanne weakened to a tropical depression and accelerated northeastward towards the Mid-Atlantic region. As the storm neared the Atlantic Ocean, it began to transition into an [[extratropical cyclone]]. Early on September&nbsp;29, Jeanne completed this transition and restrengthened slightly, attaining sustained winds of {{convert|40|mph|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}} as it moved offshore of the southern New Jersey coastline. Several hours later, the remnants of Jeanne merged with a [[Weather front|frontal system]] in the same region.<ref name="TCR"/> The system was last noted by the [[Hydrometeorological Prediction Center]] (HPC) on September&nbsp;30 as the extratropical system moved towards [[Atlantic Canada]].<ref name="HPC">{{cite web|author=David M. Roth|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|year=2010|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Hurricane Jeanne - September 25–30, 2004|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain//jeanne2004.html}}</ref>
==Preparations==
[[File:US Mid-Atlantic states.png|thumb|left|A map of the United States highlighting the Mid-Atlantic region]]
After the NHC issued their final advisory on Jeanne on September&nbsp;27 as it weakened to a tropical depression,<ref>{{cite web|author=Richard Pasch|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=September 27, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tropical Depression Jeanne Public Advisory 56A (Final)|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2004/pub/al112004.public_a.056.shtml?}}</ref> the HPC took over responsibility of warning the public of the storm. That evening, [[Flood warning#United States|flood watches]] were issued for much of the southeastern United States as well as parts of southern Virginia.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lader|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|date=September 27, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tropical Depression Jeanne Public Advisory 57|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_57.html}}</ref> Several hours later, additional flood watches were posted for southeastern New York and northeastern Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite web|author=Halbach|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|date=September 28, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tropical Depression Jeanne Public Advisory 58|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_58.html}}</ref> The HPC issued [[flood warning#United States|flood warnings]] in several counties of southeastern Virginia, as heavy rainfall moved into that are. Additionally, most areas between Georgia and southern New York, especially along the [[Appalachian Mountains]], were under flood or [[flash flood]] watches.<ref>{{cite web|author=Halbach|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|date=September 28, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tropical Depression Jeanne Public Advisory 59|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_59.html}}</ref> Throughout September&nbsp;28, larger portions of the Mid-Atlantic region recorded moderate to heavy rainfall, prompting the issuance of more flash flood warnings.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lader|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|date=September 29, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tropical Depression Jeanne Public Advisory 60|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_60.html}}</ref>
While the storm was moving through southeastern Virginia, the [[Storm Prediction Center]] (SPC)  issued a [[tornado watch]] for areas around [[Delaware Bay]] on September 28. The threat for tornadoes was possible as the moist air mass brought northward from the remnants of Hurricane Jeanne encountered cooler air in a region with high-level [[wind shear]]. The combination of these factors produced conditions favoring the development of tornadic thunderstorms.<ref>{{cite web|author=Hart|publisher=Storm Prediction Center|date=September 28, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tornado Watch 846|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/watch/2004/ww0846.html}}</ref> Several hours later, a second tornado watch was issued for areas along the northern shore of Delaware Bay through southern New Jersey.<ref>{{cite web|author=Hart|publisher=Storm Prediction Center|date=September 28, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tornado Watch 847|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/watch/2004/ww0847.html}}</ref> Flood watches were also extended northward into [[Massachusetts]] as Jeanne continued moving through the eastern United States.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lader|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|date=September 28, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tropical Depression Jeanne Public Advisory 61|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_61.html}}</ref> Several hours after Jeanne moved just offshore of the southern New Jersey coastline on September&nbsp;29, the National Weather Service discontinued all flood and flash flood watches associated with the storm; however, one county in New Jersey remained under a flood warning for a few more hours.<ref>{{cite web|author=Halbach|publisher=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|date=September 29, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Remnants of Hurricane Jeanne Public Advisory 63|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_63.html}}</ref>
==Impact==
[[File:Jeanne 2004 rainfall.gif|thumb|right|300px|Rainfall from Hurricane Jeanne throughout the United States]]
In comparison to the widespread damage sustained in the Florida Peninsula, the effects of Jeanne's remnants in the Mid-Atlantic region were relatively minor. Most damage resulted from flash flooding. However, two fatalities were linked to Jeanne's remnants.
===Virginia and West Virginia===
Heavy rainfall from the storm fell along the mountainous regions in the western portion of Virginia. Some areas recorded over {{convert|6|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain,<ref name="NCDCVA1">{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Virginia Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~560604}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> peaking at {{convert|6.65|in|mm|abbr=on}} in [[Woolwine, Virginia|Woolwine]].{{Tropical Cyclone Rainfall in the Mid Atlantic United States}} Some areas recorded standing water up to {{convert|4|ft|m|abbr=on}}, leading to moderate water damage. Numerous side roads and a few main roads were washed out during the floods in [[Clarke County, Virginia|Clarke County]].<ref name="NCDCVA1"/> Portions of [[Interstate 81 (Virginia)|Interstate 81]] and [[U.S. Route 50 in Virginia|U.S. Route 50]] were blocked off by flood waters.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Virginia Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~560605}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> At the height of the storm, emergency officials had closed portions of 435 roads.<ref name="TFLS1"/> In [[Patrick County, Virginia|Patrick County]], one fatality took place after a mobile home was washed off its foundation and moved downstream. Another building and several vehicles were also moved in the flood.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Virginia Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~560588}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Several rivers across the state rose above flood stage, with the most significant rise occurring along the James River. Near Buchanan in [[Botetourt County, Virginia|Botetourt County]], the river rose to a level of {{convert|25.67|ft|m|abbr=on}}, {{convert|8.67|ft|m|abbr=on}} above flood stage. In [[Roanoke, Virginia|Roanoke]], the [[Roanoke River]] reached its seventh highest level on record, prompting numerous residential evacuations.<ref name="NCDCVA2"/> Businesses near the river were completely submerged underwater, and a nearby hotel required evacuation. In [[Rockbridge County, Virginia|Rockbridge County]], 30 students were stranded after flooding cut off roads to their school.<ref name="TFLS1">{{cite news|agency=Associated Press|work=The Free Lance–Star|date=September 30, 2004|accessdate=April 7, 2010|title=Jeanne leaves a mess in Virginia|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MTQzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2ggGAAAAIBAJ&dq=hurricane%20jeanne%20virginia&pg=4632%2C8954784}}</ref> Minor flooding continued along the rivers through September&nbsp;30, two days after the floods began.<ref name="NCDCVA2">{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Virginia Event Report: Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~560596}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A long-lived [[Fujita scale|F1]] tornado touched down in [[Pittsylvania County, Virginia|Pittsylvania County]] and tracked along an intermittent {{convert|12.4|mi|km|abbr=on}} path. Minor damage took place throughout the tornado's existence and one person sustained injuries as a result.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Virginia Event Report: F1 Tornado|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~560589}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Throughout the state, 282 structures were damaged or destroyed by Jeanne and $50&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|50000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) was left in losses.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Virginia Department of Emergency Management|year=2009|accessdate=December 18, 2010|title=Virginia Weather and Disaster Statistics: Hurricane Statistics|url=http://www.vaemergency.com/newsroom/history/stats/hurricane/index.cfm#jeanne}}</ref><ref name="TCR2">{{cite web|author=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States Army|date=November 4, 2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Hurricane Jeanne Tropical Cyclone Report|url=http://chps.sam.usace.army.mil/USHESDATA/Assessments/2004Storms/NHC/jeanne/Jeanne_NHC_report.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714005418/http://chps.sam.usace.army.mil/USHESdata/Assessments/2004Storms/NHC/jeanne/Jeanne_NHC_report.htm|archive-date=July 14, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In West Virginia, slightly less rainfall was recorded, with a state maximum of {{convert|4.99|in|mm|abbr=on}} in [[Union, Monroe County, West Virginia|Union]].<ref name="Mid Atl"/> As a result of these rains, minor flash flooding occurred along several primary and secondary roads, including [[U.S. Route 11]] and [[West Virginia Route 51]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=West Virginia Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~561139}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Most of the flooding took place in eastern areas of the state and lasted through the evening of September&nbsp;28.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=West Virginia Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~561140}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
===Maryland and Delaware===
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 0.5em 1em; float:right;"
|+'''Rainfall maxima and damage by state'''
|- style="text-align:center;"
| '''State'''
| '''Rainfall'''
| '''Deaths'''
| '''Damage<br />(USD)'''
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[Delaware]]
| {{convert|7.1|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 0
| $40&nbsp;million
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[Maryland]]
| {{convert|4.0|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 0
| $40&nbsp;million
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[New Jersey]]
| {{convert|6.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 0
| $40&nbsp;million
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| {{convert|5.48|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 0
| $70&nbsp;million
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[Pennsylvania]]
| {{convert|8.97|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 1
| $290&nbsp;million
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[Virginia]]
| {{convert|6.65|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 1
| $50&nbsp;million
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[West Virginia]]
| {{convert|4.99|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| 0
| Minimal
|- style="text-align:center;"
| Total
| -
| 2
| $530&nbsp;million
|}
In Maryland, Jeanne produced up to {{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain,<ref name="Mid Atl"/> producing flash flooding throughout the state.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Maryland Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539694}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Numerous roads were flooded,<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Maryland Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539693}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> including parts of [[Maryland Route 17]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Maryland Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539692}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Several rivers rose above their flood-stage, with the Big Elk Creek cresting at {{convert|9.3|ft|m|abbr=on}}, {{convert|0.3|ft|m|abbr=on}} above food-stage.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Maryland Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539697}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A total of 50 roads were closed due to high water throughout the state. Numerous reports of stranded vehicles were sent to the Emergency Operations Center. In [[Carroll County, Maryland|Carroll County]], a group of inmates required rescue after the jail they were in flooded.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Maryland Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539698|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520005952/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539698|archive-date=May 20, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> One brief F0 tornado touched down in the state near [[Solomons, Maryland|Solomons]], causing minor damage.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Maryland Event Report: F0 Tornado|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539698|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520005952/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~539698|archive-date=May 20, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Strong winds associated with thunderstorm that produced the F0 tornado caused a barn to collapse and the roof of another structure to cave in.<ref name="0928rpts">{{cite web|publisher=Storm Prediction Center|date=September 28, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=September 28, 2004 Storm Reports|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/040928_rpts.html}}</ref> In all, Jeanne left $40&nbsp;million in losses throughout Maryland.<ref name="TCR2"/>
Throughout Delaware, the remnants of Jeanne produced between {{convert|4|and|8|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain,<ref name="NCDCDE1">{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 7, 2009|title=Delaware Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~528641}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> peaking at {{convert|7.1|in|mm|abbr=on}} at the [[University of Delaware]].<ref name="Mid Atl"/> This led to widespread street flooding and several rivers overflowed their banks. Forty people had to be rescue from a bus along the White Clay Creek after the creek crested at {{convert|0.59|ft|m|abbr=on}} above flood-stage.<ref name="NCDCDE1"/> A strong [[Fujita Scale|F2]] tornado touched down in the state, injuring five people and leaving $1&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|1000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in damages. The tornado touched down in northern [[New Castle County, Delaware|New Castle County]] and tracked for {{convert|5|mi|km|abbr=on}} and generated winds up to {{convert|130|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}. The county airport sustained significant damage, five C-130 cargo planes were damaged, thousands of pounds of jet fuel spilled, and damaged hangars. At a nearby industrial park, metal siding was torn off buildings, windows were shattered and power lines were downed. A self-storage facility sustained substantial damage.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=September 6, 2009|title=Delaware Event Report: F2 Tornado|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~528642}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In all, Jeanne left $40&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|40000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in losses throughout Delaware.<ref name="TCR2"/>
===New Jersey===
Throughout New Jersey, widespread moderate rainfall was recorded due to the interaction of Jeanne's remnants and an approaching frontal system. The two systems produced between {{convert|2|and|4|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in most areas,<ref name="NCDCNJ1"/> with a maximum of {{convert|6.3|in|mm|abbr=on}} falling in [[Washington Crossing, New Jersey|Washington Crossing]].<ref name="Mid Atl"/> Despite the high rainfall totals, flooding in most areas was limited due to the sporadic nature of the rain, allowing many rivers to remain below flood stage. However, in areas with poor drainage, street flooding did occur.<ref name="NCDCNJ1">{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546493}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Flash flooding was reported along portions of the [[Garden State Parkway]] during the passage of the system.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546498}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Portions of [[New Jersey Route 82]] were also shut down as a result of standing water.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546500}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Along the Raritan River, several water rescues took place after the river crested at {{convert|8.1|ft|m|abbr=on}}, just above flood stage.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546501}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gusty winds in some areas knocked down trees, some of which fell on homes. The Assunpink Creek in [[Mercer County, New Jersey|Mercer County]] rose to {{convert|11.08|ft|m|abbr=on}}, well-above its {{convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on}} flood level.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546502}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Significant flooding was reported along [[Interstate 280 (New Jersey)|Interstate 280]], resulting in cars floating and becoming stranded.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546506}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In [[Union County, New Jersey|Union County]], several homes were evacuated after being inundated by flood waters.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546508}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In [[Camden County, New Jersey|Camden County]], a short-lived F0 tornado snapped power poles and damaged trees along a {{convert|2.5|mi|km|abbr=on}} path.  In a shopping center, kiosks set up in the parking lot were tossed by {{convert|70|mph|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}} winds. A heating system was also torn off the roof of two buildings, resulting in a gas leak.<ref name="NCDCNJ2"/> In all, eleven homes were damaged by the tornado,<ref name="NYT1"/> leaving $100,000 (2004 USD, ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|100000|1989}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in losses.<ref name="NCDCNJ2">{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: F0 Tornado|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546496}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Along the shoreline of the Delaware River, the combination of runoff from the heavy rains and high tide led to minor [[coastal flooding]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=New Jersey Event Report: Astronomical High Tide|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~546519}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In all, Jeanne left $40&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|4000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in losses throughout New Jersey.<ref name="TCR2"/>
===Pennsylvania and New York===
{{Wettest tropical cyclones in Pennsylvania}}
Continuing northward, heavy rains from Jeanne spread into Pennsylvania, bringing further floods to the already storm-stricken state.<ref name="TCR2"/> Already saturated by the remnants of Hurricanes [[Hurricane Frances|Frances]] and [[Hurricane Ivan|Ivan]], soil across the state was unable to hold much additional moisture, resulting in widespread flooding.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=December 18, 2010|title=Pennsylvania Event Report: Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~553067|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528013800/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~553067|archive-date=May 28, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> Rainfall peaked at {{convert|8.97|in|mm|abbr=on}} in [[West Chester, Pennsylvania|West Chester]]; this ranks Jeanne as the [[List of wettest tropical cyclones in the United States#Pennsylvania|eighth wettest tropical cyclone on record in Pennsylvania]].<ref name="Mid Atl"/> Numerous creeks, streams and rivers overflowed their banks and inundated nearby areas. In [[Chester County, Pennsylvania|Chester County]], the [[Brandywine Creek (Christina River)|Brandywine Creek]] rose {{convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on}} above flood stage, resulting in swift water rescues and prompting emergency officials to open shelters.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=December 18, 2010|title=Pennsylvania Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~553068}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Numerous roads across the state were shut down due to high waters.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=December 18, 2010|title=Pennsylvania Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~553069}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In [[Philadelphia]], flash flooding resulted in one fatality after a woman was swept away by swift currents while trying to board a [[SEPTA]] bus. Six people attempted to rescue her, however, she became trapped under a [[pickup truck]] and drowned. Several abandoned buildings in the city also collapsed.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=December 18, 2010|title=Pennsylvania Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~553074}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A commuter train carrying 400 people was evacuated after passengers felt uneasy due to loose soil underneath the rails. One of the major roadways connecting Philadelphia with a western suburb was shut down after more than {{convert|1|ft|m|abbr=on}} covered portions of it. Several water rescues had to be made along the road after residents became trapped in flood waters. Additionally, several schools were closed on September&nbsp;29 due to hazardous conditions.<ref>{{cite news|author=Staff Writer|publisher=KRXI Reno|agency=The Associated Press|date=September 29, 2004|accessdate=December 18, 2010|title=Philadelphia Latest To Feel Jeanne's Effects|url=http://www.foxreno.com/weather/3738848/detail.html}}</ref> In all, Jeanne left $290&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|290000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in losses throughout Pennsylvania.<ref name="TCR2"/>
As Jeanne moved offshore into the Atlantic Ocean, it continued to produce heavy rainfall in the Mid-Atlantic region. In New York City, record daily rainfall amounts were recorded in several locations, including [[Central Park]] and [[Kennedy International Airport]] which measured {{convert|3.6|and|2.67|in|mm|abbr=on}} respectively. These rains led to significant travel delays throughout the city and halted subway service on a few lines after water built up on some of the tracks. Portions of the [[Henry Hudson Parkway]] were shut down after {{convert|1.5|ft|m|abbr=on}} of water built up on low-lying portions of the roads. Some areas still recovering from floods earlier in the year were hit hardest by the remnants of Jeanne, leaving some basements flooded.<ref name="NYT1">{{cite news|author=Thomas J. Lueck|work=The New York Times|date=September 29, 2004|accessdate=April 6, 2010|title=Last of Hurricane Jeanne Brings Flooding and a Tornado to the Region|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9805E2DA1438F93AA1575AC0A9629C8B63}}</ref> Further north, portions of [[Interstate 87 (New York)|Interstate 87]] were shut down due to flooding in [[Rockland County, New York|Rockland County]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 7, 2010|title=New York Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~547702}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Flash flooding in [[Tarrytown, New York|Tarrytown]] led to additional road closures.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|year=2004|accessdate=April 7, 2010|title=New York Event Report: Flash Flood|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~547703}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In all, Jeanne left $70&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|70000000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) in losses throughout New York.<ref name="TCR2"/>
==Aftermath==
[[File:Dec 1570.png|thumb|right|Counties in Virginia under the major disaster declaration]]
On October&nbsp;18, a major disaster declaration was signed by president [[George W. Bush]] to allow emergency disaster funds to be used in parts of Virginia severely affected by Hurricane Jeanne. Under this declaration, the independent cities of Salem and Roanoke, and the counties of Alleghany, Botetourt, Craig, Floyd, Giles, Montgomery, Patrick, and Roanoke could receive these funds from the [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]] (FEMA) and other relief groups.<ref>{{cite web|author=Michael D. Brown|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=October 18, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Federal Register Notice: Major Disaster Declaration for the Commonwealth of Virginia|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/dfrn.fema?id=3307}}</ref> Several days later, local relief groups in the commonwealth began assisting residents with debris and mud removal as well as emotional support.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=October 22, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Volunteers Reach Out To Help Clean Up Damage From Jeanne|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=14970}}</ref> On October&nbsp;29, [[Internal Revenue Service]] (IRS) and the Virginia Department of Taxation announced that they would provide deadline extensions for residents in disaster areas in western Virginia. The Virginia Employment Commission also announced that they would be assisting those who lost their jobs with acquiring a new one.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=October 29, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Tax Help, Unemployment Assistance Available For Jeanne Victims|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=15090}}</ref> Throughout the state, roughly $1.6&nbsp;million (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|1600000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) was approved for 964 homeowners and businesses affected by Jeanne. Nearly $600,000 (2004 USD; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|600000|2004}}}} {{#time:Y}}&nbsp;USD) of these funds were granted for [[Salem, Virginia|Salem City]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=November 17, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Almost $1.6 Million Approved For Jeanne Recovery|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=15378}}</ref> The disaster declaration and allocated time for fund requests was set to end on December&nbsp;17 in all counties.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=November 17, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Less Than One Month Left To Apply For Disaster Assistance|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=15374}}</ref>
Several months after the passage of Hurricane Jeane, president George W. Bush signed a major disaster declaration for [[New Castle County, Delaware]]. This allowed residents affected by the storm to receive government assistance and funds to repair damage and rebuild homes.<ref>{{cite web|author=Michael D. Brown|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=November 15, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Federal Register Notice: Major Disaster Declaration for the State of Delaware|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/dfrn.fema?id=3482}}</ref> James N. Russo was designated as the head of the relief efforts in the state by [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Homeland Security]] secretary [[Michael D. Brown]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=November 16, 2004|accessdate=April 3, 2010|title=Federal Disaster Aid Ordered For Delaware Storm Recovery|url=http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=15291}}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
*[[Hurricane Jeanne]]
*[[2004 Atlantic hurricane season]]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
==External links==
*{{NHC TCR url|id=AL112004_Jeanne|title=The National Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Report on Hurricane Jeanne}}
*[http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain//jeanne2004.html The Hydrometeorological Prediction Center's Report on Hurricane Jeanne]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2004/JEANNE.shtml? The National Hurricane Center's Advisory Archive for Hurricane Jeanne]
*[http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/2004/JEANNE/JEANNE_archive.shtml The Hydometeorological Prediction Center's Advisory Archive for Hurricane Jeanne]
{{2004 Atlantic hurricane season buttons}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jeanne, effects}}
[[Category:Hurricane Jeanne]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Delaware]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Virginia]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Maryland]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in New Jersey]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:2004 natural disasters in the United States]]
[[Category:Environment of the Mid-Atlantic states]]
[[Category:Effects of hurricanes in the United States]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2004|Jeanne Md At]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in West Virginia]]