View source for Emerald-chinned hummingbird

{{short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2022}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Emerald-chinned hummingbird
| image = MonographTrochi4Goul 0042a.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=Emerald-chinned Hummingbird ''Abeillia abeillei'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22687170A93143789 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22687170A93143789.en |access-date=5 August 2022}}</ref>
| status2 = CITES_A2
| status2_system = CITES
| status2_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|title=Appendices {{!}} CITES|url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php|access-date=2022-01-14|website=cites.org}}</ref>
| genus = Abeillia
| parent_authority = [[Charles Lucien Bonaparte|Bonaparte]], 1850
| display_parents = 2
| species = abeillei
| authority = ([[Rene Primevere Lesson|Lesson]] & [[Adolphe Delattre|Delattre]], 1839)
| range_map = Abeillia abeillei map.svg
| range_map_caption = Global range in green
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision = ''Abeillia abeillei abeillei <br> Abeillia abeillei aurea''
| synonyms =
}}
The '''emerald-chinned hummingbird''' ('''''Abeillia abeillei''''') is a species of [[hummingbird]] in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Mexico]], and [[Nicaragua]].<ref name=IOC12.1>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/hummingbirds/ |title=Hummingbirds |website=IOC World Bird List |version =v 12.1 |editor-last1=Gill |editor-first1= F. |editor-last2=Donsker|editor-first2=D.|editor-last3=Rasmussen |editor-first3=P. |date=January 2022 |access-date=January 15, 2022 }}</ref><ref name=HBW2020>HBW and BirdLife International (2020) ''Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world'' Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved 27 May 2021</ref>
==Taxonomy and systematics==
The emerald-chinned hummingbird is the only member of genus ''Abeillia''. It has two subspecies, the [[Nominate subspecies|nominate]] ''A. a. abeillei'' and ''A. a. aurea''.<ref name=IOC12.1/>
==Description==
The emerald-chinned hummingbird is {{convert|7|to|8.6|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and weighs about {{convert|2.7|to|3.5|g|oz|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}. Both sexes of both subspecies have a short, straight, dull black bill. The nominate adult male has metallic bronze green to greenish bronze upperparts. Its central pair of tail feathers are bronze green and the rest black with a faint bluish or bronzy gloss. All have brownish gray tips. Its face has a bold white spot behind the eye. Its chin and upper throat are brilliant metallic emerald green and the lower throat velvety black to dusky metallic bronze green. The rest of its underparts are deep brownish gray with some metallic bronze green gloss except on the belly. The undertail [[Covert feather|coverts]] are metallic bronze green with wide brownish gray edges to the feathers. Nominate females are similar to the male but lack the metallic throat. Their underparts are entirely pale gray with some metallic green spots on the sides. Subspecies ''A. a. aurea'' is smaller than the nominate. Where the nominate male is bronze green, this subspecies is golden green.<ref name=ECHU-BOW>Arizmendi, M. d. C., C. I. Rodríguez-Flores, C. A. Soberanes-González, and T. S. Schulenberg (2020). Emerald-chinned Hummingbird (''Abeillia abeillei''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.emchum1.01 retrieved August 5, 2022</ref>
==Distribution and habitat==
The nominate subspecies of emerald-chinned hummingbird is found discontinuously from [[Veracruz]] in southern Mexico through Guatemala into northern Honduras. ''A. a. aurea'' is found from southern Honduras into northern Nicaragua. The species inhabits the interior and edges of humid evergreen [[montane forest]] and pine-evergreen forest. In elevation it ranges between {{convert|1000|and|2200|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=ECHU-BOW/>
==Behavior==
===Movement===
The emerald-chinned hummingbird's movements, if any, are not known.<ref name=ECHU-BOW/>
===Feeding===
The emerald-chinned hummingbird forages low to the ground for nectar, usually in cover. Its diet has not been detailed but is known to include the flowers of [[Rubiaceae]], [[Verbenaceae]], and [[Oenotheraceae]]. Males defend clusters of flowers. In addition to nectar, the species feeds on small insects that it gleans from flowers, leaves, and tree trunks while hovering.<ref name=ECHU-BOW/>
===Breeding===
Little is known about the emerald-chinned hummingbird's breeding [[phenology]]. It is reported to nest in Mexico during February and March, and to build a cup nest low in the forest understory. Its incubation length and time to fledging are not known.<ref name=ECHU-BOW/>
{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Abeillia-abeillei |species=emerald-chinned hummingbird}}
===Vocalization===
The emerald-chinned hummingbird's song is "a high, thin, slightly squeaking chipping, ''tsin, tisn-tsin tsin-tsin tsin-tsin, or tsi tsi tsi-si, tsi-tsi tsi tsi-tsi''..." When foraging it gives "a liquid, rattling trill ... at times only single notes given, ''puip puip''" and when perched "a sharp ''sii'ing''".<ref name=ECHU-BOW/>
==Status==
The [[IUCN]] has assessed the emerald-chinned hummingbird as being of Least Concern, though it population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing.<ref name=IUCN/> It has "Special Protection" status in Mexico because its habitat there is under threat. "The primary threats to this species are logging of mature forests, and habitat conversion for agriculture and livestock production."<ref name=ECHU-BOW/>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Strisores|T.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q479802}}
[[Category:Trochilinae|emerald-chinned hummingbird]]
[[Category:Hummingbird species of Central America]]
[[Category:Birds of Mexico]]
[[Category:Birds of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Birds of Honduras]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1839|emerald-chinned hummingbird]]
[[Category:Taxa named by René Lesson]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]