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{{Short description|Calgary, Alberta municipal energy utility}}
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{{Infobox company
|name = Enmax Corporation
|logo = ENMAX.svg
|logo_size = 150px
|type = [[Municipally owned corporation]]
|foundation   = [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], [[Canada]], 1905
|location     = Calgary, Alberta, Canada
|key_people   = Mark Poweska-President and CEO
|owner        = [[Calgary|City of Calgary]]
|industry     = [[Utilities]]
|revenue      = {{profit}} 3.66 billion [[Canadian dollar|CAD]] (2022)
|profit   = {{profit}} 296 million [[Canadian dollar|CAD]] (2022)
|homepage     = {{URL|www.Enmax.com}}
}}
'''Enmax Corporation''' (often styled as '''ENMAX''') is a [[vertically integrated|vertically-integrated]] utility with operations across [[Alberta|Alberta, Canada]], and in [[Maine|Maine, US]].
Through its subsidiaries, '''ENMAX Power Corporation''' and '''Versant Power''', ENMAX owns and operates transmission and distribution utilities that deliver electricity to customers in [[Calgary|Calgary, Alberta]], and northern and eastern Maine. Through ENMAX Energy Corporation, ENMAX owns and operates power generation facilities and offers electricity and natural gas products and services to residential, commercial and industrial customers across Alberta.
==Overview==
Enmax, headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, is a private corporation and [[Calgary City Council|The City of Calgary]] is its sole shareholder.
According to their 2022 Financial Report, in 2022, ENMAX generated net earnings of $296 million and declared a dividend to The City of Calgary in the amount of $82 million.<ref name="enmax.com">https://www.enmax.com/AboutUsSite/Reports/2022-ENMAX-Financial-Report.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref> ENMAX’s core operations are organized into three main business segments: ENMAX Power, Versant Power and ENMAX Energy. A Corporate segment provides financing and shared corporate services to the operating segments.
==History==
In 1904, The City of Calgary built its own electric plant when its contract with a private supplier ended.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ward|first=Tom|title=Cowtown : an album of early Calgary|year=1975|publisher=City of Calgary Electric System, McClelland and Stewart West|location=Calgary|isbn=0-7712-1012-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/cowtownalbumofea0000ward/page/311 311]|url=https://archive.org/details/cowtownalbumofea0000ward/page/311|url-access=registration}}</ref> The City of Calgary Electric System began operating on December 2, 1905.<ref>{{citation|last=Howkins|first=W.E. |title=Electrifying Calgary|location=Calgary|publisher=The University of Calgary Press|year= 1987|page=73}}</ref> In 1996, City Council approved a proposal to make The City of Calgary Electric System a wholly owned subsidiary Enmax Corporation commencing on January 1, 1998. This subsidiary and an affiliated retailer, "Enmax Energy", was incorporated on January 1, 1998. January 1, 2001, Enmax Energy entered the restructured, deregulated electric marketplace in Alberta.<ref group=Enmax>{{citation|title=About|publisher=Enmax|date=17 June 2010|accessdate=15 February 2011|url=https://www.Enmax.com/about-us}}</ref>
==Enmax Power regulated operations==
ENMAX Power Corporation (EPC), owns and operates electricity transmission and distribution assets that serve the Calgary area.
It also delivers project execution for customer infrastructure in areas such as power infrastructure, light rail transit and commercial and residential development.
Enmax Power is regulated by the Alberta Utilities Commission. Covering 1,089 square kilometers in Calgary and surrounding areas, ENMAX Power’s system consists of approximately 335&nbsp;km of transmission wires and 8,629&nbsp;km of distribution lines in Calgary and surrounding areas,<ref>https://www.enmax.com/AboutUsSite/Documents/ENMAX_2022-ESG-Report_ENMAX.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref> with 40 high voltage and three lower voltage distribution substations <ref>{{Cite web |title=Substations |url=https://www.enmax.com/generation-wires/transmission-and-distribution/our-system/substations |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=www.enmax.com}}</ref> powering residences and businesses within Calgary city limits.
==Enmax Energy Corporation==
ENMAX Energy Corporation (EEC) is the generation and energy retail services arm of ENMAX that offers electricity, natural gas, distributed energy resource solutions and customer care services to customers throughout Alberta. Enmax Energy also carries out retail energy supply and related functions for the Calgary Regulated Rate Option (RRO).
The competitive retail business provides customers with either fixed or variable-priced electricity and natural gas and offers additional energy services. Natural gas retail contracts are backed by market transactions to provide supply certainty, margin stability and risk mitigation. Natural gas fuel requirements for the generation portfolio are balanced through the purchase and sale of natural gas in the Alberta market.
Current operating facilities include Cavalier Energy Centre, Crossfield Energy Centre, Calgary Energy Centre, and Shepard Energy Centre.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Natural gas-fuelled |url=https://www1.enmax.com/generation-and-wires/generation/natural-gas-fuelled |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www1.enmax.com}}</ref> ENMAX Energy’s owned generation also includes 100 per cent ownership of the 81 MW Taber wind farm and 63 MW Kettles Hill wind farm, and a 50 per cent interest in the 73 MW McBride Lake wind farm, all located in southern Alberta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wind power |url=https://www1.enmax.com/generation-and-wires/generation/wind-power |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www1.enmax.com}}</ref>
==Additional Enmax subsidiaries==
Enmax Energy provides the easymax® option for residential and small business customers. Easymax® is an electricity and gas energy plan for residential and small business customers.
Enmax Encompass Inc., a subsidiary of Enmax Corporation, provides billing and customer care services to residential and small commercial customers. Enmax Encompass is also contracted to perform customer service, water meter reading and billing services to The City of Calgary and other municipalities across the province.
Enmax Envision Inc., a subsidiary of Enmax Corporation, provided commercial high-speed data and internet services primarily in Calgary. Enmax sold its Envision subsidiary to [[Shaw Communications Inc.]] in April 2013 for $225 Million.<ref>{{citation|title=Shaw Buys Enmax Envision Inc for $225 million|page= 33)|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/shaw-communications-to-buy-Enmax-envision-for-225-million/article10909089/|publisher=Globe and Mail|date=April 2013}}</ref>
ENMAX Corporation and Emera Inc. announced a definitive agreement on March 25, 2019 in which Emera agreed to sell to ENMAX its interest in Emera Maine, its regulated electric transmission and distribution company in Maine. The purchase completed March 25, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ENMAX completes purchase of Emera Maine |url=https://www.enmax.com/news-events/news/enmax-completes-emera-maine-acquisition |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www.enmax.com}}</ref> Emera Maine was renamed and rebranded Versant Power in May 2020.
Versant Power owns and operates electricity transmission and distribution assets that provide service to customers in the Maine Public District and Bangor Hydro District, covering six counties in Maine. Versant Power is regulated by the Maine Public Utilities Commission and the United States Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
==District Energy Centre==
The Calgary District Energy Centre began operations in March 2010, capable of providing heat for up to 10 million square feet of buildings. The facility incorporates high efficiency boilers fueled by natural gas. Customers are connected to the facility through an underground thermal distribution system, which occupies significantly less space than a traditional heating system.<ref group=Enmax>{{citation|url=http://www.Enmax.com/Corporation/Clean+Power/Generation+Facilities/District+Energy/Calgary+District+Energy+Centre.htm|publisher=Enmax|title=Calgary District Energy Centre|year=2010|access-date=2011-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719114935/http://www.Enmax.com/Corporation/Clean+Power/Generation+Facilities/District+Energy/Calgary+District+Energy+Centre.htm|archive-date=2011-07-19|url-status=dead}}</ref>
ENMAX entered into a definitive agreement to sell District Energy Centre to Atlantica Sustainable Infrastructure PLC in November 2020. The sale closed in early 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Update on District Energy Centre Transaction |url=https://www.enmax.com/news-events/news/update-on-district-energy-centre-transaction |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www.enmax.com}}</ref>
==Shepard Energy Centre==
Located on a 60-acre site east of Calgary, the Shepard Energy Centre is Alberta's largest natural gas-fueled power generating facility. Using combined-cycle technology, two natural gas-fueled turbines and one steam turbine provide more than 860 megawatts (MW) of electricity to the provincial grid - enough to meet almost half of Calgary's current needs. Shepard uses reclaimed water from the City of Calgary's Bonnybrook Wastewater Treatment Plant for its process requirements and emits less than half the carbon dioxide per MW of conventional coal plants.<ref name=":0" />
Capital Power owns a 50 per cent interest in the Shepard Energy Centre through a joint venture agreement with ENMAX Energy Corporation, the facility operator.
== Electricity prices==
===The Regulated Rate Option (RRO)===
The RRO is the default option if households and small businesses in Calgary do not choose an energy plan with a retail supplier.<ref name="Newswire_2007" /> Prior to 2006 the price of electricity with the RRO would fluctuate quarterly or yearly. In July 2006 the Province of Alberta introduced new provincial regulations that meant that the Regulated Rate Option (RRO) for Calgary would fluctuate monthly.<ref name="Newswire_2007">{{citation |date=30 January 2007 |accessdate=5 December 2014 |url=http://www.newswire.ca/en/story/149205/calgary-s-regulated-electricity-rate-for-february-2007 |work=Newswire |title=Calgary's Regulated Electricity Rate for February 2007 |location=Calgary, Alberta }}</ref>
{{blockquote|"Prices change with the energy market, depending on changing weather, seasonal consumption demands and fuel costs such as natural gas prices. A new price for the RRO will be announced each month as these variations are incorporated in the price."|Newswire 2007}}
Current and historical rates are available on enmax.com.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Regulated Rate Option (RRO) |url=https://www1.enmax.com/rro |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www1.enmax.com}}</ref>
==Bonnybrook Energy Centre==
The Bonnybrook Energy Centre is a planned natural gas-fired cogeneration facility that will be built in Calgary's southeast industrial zone. Once built, Bonnybrook will generate 165 MW of electricity, which is approximately half of downtown Calgary's energy requirements. This facility will reduce the amount of fresh water used by reusing industrial wastewater from the nearby Canada malting site and will play an integral role in heating office buildings in downtown Calgary. Bonnybrook will emit less than half of the carbon dioxide associated with conventional coal-fired facilities and will enhance the reliability of the region's power supply.<ref name="ReferenceA">https://www.enmax.com/AboutUsSite/Reports/2011_Q_financial_report.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref>
The project was delayed in 2015 appears to have been cancelled.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-18 |title=Bonnybrook power station |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Bonnybrook_power_station |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref>
==Generate Choice==
In 2011, Enmax Energy launched its Generate Choice, a program which offers Albertans home-based renewable energy choices such as solar power and wind generation.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Response to the program has been poor: by August 2011, only 3,100 people even expressed interest in having a solar photo-voltaic (PV) system installed, and of those, only 172 agreed to have one installed.
This program is no longer available.
==Financial performance==
Enmax is a wholly owned subsidiary of The City of Calgary. Since inception in 1998, Enmax has returned approximately $1.3 billion in dividends to The City of Calgary.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shareholder Relationship |url=https://www1.enmax.com/about-us/direction-and-leadership/shareholder-relationship |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www1.enmax.com}}</ref> Revenues increased from $3.1 billion in 2021 to $3.7 billion in 2022.<ref name="enmax.com"/> In 2022, the company generated net earnings of $296 million and declared a dividend in the amount of $82 million to its Shareholder, The City of Calgary.<ref name="enmax.com"/>
==Public involvement==
Enmax has been named one of Alberta's Top 50 employers<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Alberta's Top Employers (2024) |url=https://www.canadastop100.com/alberta/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www.canadastop100.com |language=en-US}}</ref> and one of Canada's Greenest Employers <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.canadastop100.com/environmental/ | title=Canada's Greenest Employers (2024) }}</ref> by MediaCorp.
==Controversy==
In 2011, the CEO of Enmax, Gary Holden, resigned after controversial handling of travel expenses that violated the company's ethical guidelines.<ref>{{cite web|title=Embattled Enmax CEO Quits|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/embattled-enmax-ceo-quits-1.987148|publisher=CBC|access-date=7 Aug 2013}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[List of Canadian electric utilities]]
*[[Enmax Centre]]
*[[Enmax Centrium]]
*[[Electricity policy of Alberta]]
==Enmax publications cited==
{{reflist|group=Enmax}}
* [https://www.enmax.com/AboutUsSite/Documents/ENMAX_2022-ESG-Report_ENMAX.pdf Enmax-2022-ESG-Report]
* [https://www.enmax.com/AboutUsSite/Reports/2022-ENMAX-Financial-Report.pdf Enmax-2022-Financial-Report]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
==External links==
* [http://www.ucahelps.gov.ab.ca/4.html Energy Rates in Alberta]
* [http://www.Enmax.com Enmax Company Website]
[[Category:Companies based in Calgary]]
[[Category:Energy companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Electric power companies of Alberta]]
[[Category:Companies owned by municipalities of Canada]]
[[Category:1905 establishments in Alberta]]
[[Category:Electric power companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Energy in Maine]]
[[Category:Municipally owned companies]]