View source for Euroregion

{{Short description|Transnational-cooperation structure in the European Union}}
{{Distinguish|Eurozone|Eurodistrict}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2018}}
In [[Politics of Europe|European politics]], the term '''Euroregion''' usually refers to a transnational co-operation structure between two (or more) contiguous territories located in different [[Europe]]an [[country|countries]]. Euroregions represent a specific type of [[cross-border region]].
==Scope==
Euroregions usually do not correspond to any [[legislative]] or [[government]]al institution and do not have direct [[politics|political]] power. Their work is limited to the competencies of the [[local government|local]] and regional [[authority|authorities]] which constitute them. They are usually arranged to promote common interests across the border and to cooperate for the common good of the border populations.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
==Criteria==
The [[Association of European Border Regions]] sets the following criteria for the identification of Euroregions:<ref>Council of Europe (date unknown). Local and Regional Democracy and Good Governance Website of the Council of Europe. Retrieved from http://www.coe.int/t/dgap/localdemocracy/Areas_of_Work/Transfrontier_Cooperation/Euroregions/What_is_en.asp.</ref>
* an association of local and regional authorities on either side of the national border, sometimes with a parliamentary assembly
* a transfrontier association with a permanent secretariat and a technical and administrative team with own resources
* of [[private law]] nature, based on non-profit-making associations or foundations on either side of the border in accordance with the respective national law in force
* of [[public law]] nature, based on inter-state agreements, dealing among other things, with the participation of territorial authorities
It is difficult to associate one legal framework with the term "Euroregion", as they operate across country borders and vary widely in their particular forms.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
==Naming conventions==
The naming convention for Euroregions is as varied as the forms of the regions themselves. The most common local names for a Euroregion include ''euregio'', ''euregion'', ''euroregion'', ''eurorégion'', ''euroregión'', ''euroregione'', ''euro-região'', {{lang|el|ευρωπεριοχή}}, ''europaregion'', ''euroregiune'', ''grande région'', {{lang|bg|еврорегион}} ({{italic correction|''evroregion''}}), ''regio'', ''conseil'', or ''council''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}
==List of Euroregions==
The cooperating regions usually have different (local) names in each participating [[country]]. The regions are listed in alphabetical order of the corresponding English names. Listed are also the particular participating countries and the year the euroregion was founded.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! English name of the euroregion<br />Other local names of the euroregion
! Participating<br />countries
! Founded
|-
| '''[[Adriatic Ionian Euroregion]]'''
| [[Albania]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Italy]], [[Montenegro]], [[Slovenia]]
| 2006
|-
| '''[[Alps–Mediterranean Euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregione Alpi Mediterraneo<br />Eurorégion Alpes-Méditerranée
| [[France]], [[Italy]]
| 2007
|-
| '''Archipelago (islands) committee'''<br />Interreg Saaristo<br />Interreg Skärgården
| [[Finland]], [[Sweden]]
| 1978
|-
| '''ARKO ([[Arvika]]/[[Kongsvinger]]) euroregion'''<br />
| [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
| 1978
|-
| '''[[Nouvelle-Aquitaine]]–[[Basque Country (greater region)|Basque Country]]–[[Navarre]] Euroregion'''
| [[France]], [[Spain]]
| 1982
|-
| '''[[Euroregion Baltic]] http://euroregionbaltic.eu'''<br />Euroregion Baltija<br />Euroregion Bałtyk{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Denmark]], [[Lithuania]], [[Poland]], [[Sweden]]
| 1998
|-
| '''[[EU Med Group|Euroregion Euromed]]'''
| [[Italy]], [[France]], [[Spain]], [[Portugal]], [[Greece]], [[Malta]], [[Cyprus]]
| 2004
|-
| '''[[Barents Sea|Barents]] [[Europe|Euro]]-[[Arctic]] Council'''<br />Barentsrådet{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Finland]], [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
| 1993
|-
| '''[[Bavaria]]n forest - Bohemian Forest / [[Bohemian Forest|Šumava]] euroregion'''<br />Euroregio Bayerischer Wald-Böhmerwald/Sumava<br />Euroregion Šumava-Bavorský les
| [[Austria]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Germany]]
| 1994
|-
| '''[[Belasica]] euroregion'''
| [[Bulgaria]], [[Greece]], [[North Macedonia|Republic of North Macedonia]]
| 2003
|-
| '''"BENEGO" (Belgisch-Nederlands Grensoverleg = Belgian-Dutch border consultation)'''
| [[Belgium]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1980
|-
| '''[[Benelux]]-Middengebied Euroregion'''
| [[Belgium]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1984
|-
| '''[[Beskidy Mountains|Beskydy Mountains]] euroregion'''<br />[[Euroregion Beskydy|Euroregion Beskidy]]<br />Euroregión Beskidy
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Poland]], [[Slovakia]]
| 2000
|-
| '''[[Black Sea Euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregiunea Mării Negre<br />{{lang|bg|Черноморски еврорегион}}
| [[Bulgaria]], [[Romania]]
| 2008
|-
| '''[[Białowieża Forest]] Euroregion'''<br />{{lang|pl|Euroregion Puszcza Białowieska}}{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Poland]]
| 2002
|-
| '''[[Biharia Euroregion]]'''<br />{{lang|ro|Euroregiunea Biharia}}<br />{{lang|hu|Biharia Eurorégió}}
| [[Romania]], [[Hungary]]
| 2007?
|-
| '''[[Euroregion Bug]]'''<br>{{lang|uk|Єврорегіон «Буг»}} <br>{{lang|be|Еўрарэгіён «Буг»}}{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Poland]], [[Ukraine]]
| 1995
|-
| '''[[Carpathian Euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregiunea Carpatică<br />Euroregion Karpacki<br />Karpatský euroregión<br />Kárpátok eurorégió<br />{{lang|uk|Карпатський єврорегіон}}
| [[Hungary]], [[Poland]], [[Romania]], [[Slovakia]], [[Ukraine]]
| 1993
|-
| '''Central North committee'''<br />Mittnordenkommittén
| [[Finland]], [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
| 1977
|-
| '''[[Euroregion Cieszyn Silesia|Cieszyn Silesia euroregion]]'''<br />{{lang|cs|Euroregion Tešínské Slezsko}}<br/>{{lang|pl|Euroregion Śląsk Cieszyński}}
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Poland]]
| 1998
|-
| '''Cross-[[English Channel|channel]] euroregion''' (part of the '''[[Arc Manche]]''' regional network and assembly)<ref name="Arc Manche">{{cite web|url=http://www.arcmanche.com/e_intro.htm |title=Bienvenue dans l'Arc MancheSommaire > ACTUALITÉS ET ÉVÈNEMENTS > A la Une |work=arcmanche.com |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929062635/http://www.arcmanche.com/e_intro.htm |archivedate=2007-09-29 }}</ref><br />Kent & Nord Pas-de-Calais/Belgium<br />Region Transmanche
| [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[United Kingdom]]
| 1991
|-
| '''[[Danube 21 euroregion]]'''
| [[Bulgaria]], [[Romania]], [[Serbia]]
| 1992
|-
| '''[[Danube–Drava–Sava Euroregion]]'''
| [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Hungary]]
| 1998
|-
| '''[[Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregiunea Dunăre-Criş-Mureş-Tisa<br />Duna-Körös-Maros-Tisza Eurorégió<br />Evroregija Dunav-Kriš-Moriš-Tisa
| [[Romania]], [[Hungary]], [[Serbia]]
| 1997
|-
| '''Dnepr euroregion'''{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Ukraine]]
| 2003
|-
| '''[[Euroregion Dniester]]'''
| [[Ukraine]], [[Moldova]]
| 2012
|-
| '''Dobrava euroregion'''
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Poland]]
| 2001
|-
| '''[[Donbas]] Euroregion'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/115462/|title = Donetsk region joins Donbas Euroregion - Oct. 21, 2011|date = 21 October 2011}}</ref>{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Ukraine]]
| 2010
|-
| '''[[Drina]]-[[Sava]]-[[Majevica]] euroregion'''
| [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Serbia]]
| 2003
|-
| '''[[East Sussex]]/[[Seine-Maritime]]/[[Somme (department)|Somme]] Euroregion''' (part of the '''[[Arc Manche]]''' regional network and assembly)<ref name="Arc Manche" /><br />Rives-Manche Region
| [[France]], [[United Kingdom]]
| 1993
|-
| '''Egrensis Euroregion'''<br />EuroRegio Egrensis
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Germany]]
| 1993
|-
| '''[[Euroregion Elbe/Labe|Elbe/Labe Euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregion Elbe/Labe
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Germany]]
| 1992
|-
| '''[[Ems Dollart Region]]'''<br />Eems-Dollard Regio
| [[Germany]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1977
|-
| '''"[[EUREGIO]]"'''<br />Euregion Enschede-Gronau
| [[Germany]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1958
|-
| '''Euro[[balkans]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurobalkans.net|title=EUROBALKANS - Cross Border Cooperation|work=eurobalkans.net}}</ref>
| [[Bulgaria]], [[Republic of North Macedonia]], [[Serbia]]
| 2002
|-|-
|'''[http://euro-ace.eu/en EUROACE] Euroregion'''<br />[http://euro-ace.eu/pt-pt Euroregião] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190620214405/https://www.euro-ace.eu/pt-pt |date=2019-06-20 }} Alentejo-Região Centro-Extremadura<br />[http://euro-ace.eu/es Eurorregión] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123084341/https://www.euro-ace.eu/es |date=2022-01-23 }} Alentejo-Región Centro de Portugal-Extremadura
| [[Spain]], [[Portugal]]
| 2009
|-
| '''Glacensis Euroregion'''<br/>{{lang|cs|Euroregion Pomezí Čech, Moravy a Kladska}}
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Poland]]
| 1996
|-
|'''[[Galicia–North Portugal Euroregion]]'''<br />Euro-região Galiza-Norte de Portugal<br />Eurorrexión Galicia-Norte de Portugal
| [[Spain]], [[Portugal]]
| 2008
|-
| '''[[Helsinki]]-[[Tallinn]] Euroregion''' ([[Talsinki]])
| [[Estonia]], [[Finland]]
| 1999
|-
| '''[[Inn River|Inn]]-[[Salzach]] Euroregion'''<br /> Inn-Salzach EuRegio
| [[Austria]], [[Germany]]
| 1994
|-
| '''Inntal Euroregion'''
| [[Austria]], [[Germany]]
| 1998
|-
| '''[[Insubria euroregion]]'''<ref>[[Insubria#The Regio Insubrica Euroregion]]</ref><br />Regio Insubria
| [[Italy]], [[Switzerland]]
| 1995
|-
| '''International [[Lake Constance]] conference'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bodenseekonferenz.org|title=Aktuell|author=- ibk|work=bodenseekonferenz.org}}</ref><br />Internationale Bodenseekonferenz
| [[Austria]], [[Germany]], [[Switzerland]]
| 1972
|-
| '''Ister-Granum Euroregion'''<br />Ister-Granum Eurorégió
| [[Hungary]], [[Slovakia]]
| 2003
|-
| '''[[Euregio Karelia]]'''{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Finland]]
| 2000
|-
| '''[[Kvarken]] council'''<br />Interreg Kvarken-MittSkandia<br />Interreg Kvarken &ndash;MidtSkandia<br />Interreg Merenkurkku-MittSkandia
| [[Finland]], [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
| 1972
|-
| '''[[Mesta River|Mesta–Nestos]] euroregion'''
| [[Bulgaria]], [[Greece]]
| 1997
|-
| '''[[Meuse–Rhine Euroregion]]'''<br />Euregio Maas-Rhein<br />Euregio Maas-Rijn<br />Eurégion Meuse-Rhin
| [[Belgium]], [[Germany]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1976
|-
| '''Neisse-Nisa-Nysa euroregion'''<br />[[Euroregion Neisse-Nisa-Nysa]]<br /> Euroregion Neisse, Nisa, Nysa
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Germany]], [[Poland]]
| 1991
|-
| '''[[Neman River|Neman]] euroregion'''<br />Niemen (Nieman) Euroregion<br />Euroregion Nemunas{{efn|name=Opt-out|group=subject-list|Significant territory held by a non-participating European nation.|}}
| [[Lithuania]], [[Poland]]
| 1997
|-
| '''North Calotte Council'''<br />Nordkalottrådet<br />Pohjoiskalotin neuvosto
| [[Finland]], [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
| 1971
|-
| '''[[Ore Mountains]] euroregion'''<br />Euroregion Krušnohoří<br />Euroregion Erzgebirge
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Germany]]
| 1992
|-
| '''[[Øresund Region]]'''
| [[Denmark]], [[Sweden]]
| 2000
|-
| '''[[Østfold]]-[[Bohuslän]]/[[Dalsland]] euroregion'''<br />Grensekomiteen Østfold Bohuslän/Dalsland<br>Gränskommittén Østfold - Bohuslän/Dalsland
| [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
| 1980
|-
| '''[[Pomerania euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregion Pomerania
| [[Denmark]] (suggested), [[Germany]], [[Poland]], [[Sweden]]
| 1995
|-
| '''Pomoraví - Záhorie - [[Weinviertel]] euroregion'''
| [[Austria]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Slovakia]]
| 1999
|-
| '''[[Euroregion Praděd|Praděd euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregion Praděd<br />Euroregion Pradziad
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Poland]]
| 1997
|-
| '''Pro Europa [[Oder|Viadrina]] euroregion'''
| [[Germany]], [[Poland]]
| 1993
|-
| '''[[Pyrenees–Mediterranean Euroregion]]'''<ref>[http://www.euroregion-epm.org Pyrenees-Mediterranean euroregion website]</ref><br />Euroregió Pirineus Mediterrània<br />Eurorregión Pirineos Mediterráneo<br />Eurorégion Pyrénées-Méditerranée
| [[France]], [[Spain]]
| 2004<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.espaces-transfrontaliers.org/en/Newsletter_pdf/Cross_Border_News_March_2006.pdf |title=Cross-Border News |access-date=2019-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116180840/http://www.espaces-transfrontaliers.org/en/Newsletter_pdf/Cross_Border_News_March_2006.pdf |archive-date=2006-11-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Raetia]] Nova euroregion'''<br />Nova Raetia
| [[Austria]], [[Switzerland]]
| ?
|-
| '''Region [[Southern Jutland]]-[[Schleswig]] '''<br />[[Region Sønderjylland-Schleswig]]
| [[Denmark]], [[Germany]]
| 1997
|-
| '''[[Rhine]]-[[Waal (river)|Waal]] euroregion'''<br />Euregio Rhein-Waal<br />Euregio Rijn-Waal
| [[Germany]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1973
|-
| '''[[Rhine]]-[[Meuse]]-North euroregion'''<br />Euregio Rhein-Maas-Nord<br />Euregio Rijn-Maas-Noord
| [[Germany]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1978
|-
| '''[[SaarLorLux|Saar-Lorraine-Luxembourg]]-[[Rhine Palatinate|Rhin]] euroregion'''<ref name="SaarLorLux">http://www.saarlorlux.org/cgi-bin/cms {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212160224/http://www.saarlorlux.org/cgi-bin/cms |date=2007-12-12 }} The business portal of SaarLorLux</ref>
| [[Germany]], [[France]], [[Luxembourg]]
| 1995
|-
| '''[[Salzburg]]-[[Berchtesgadener Land]]-Traunstein euroregion'''
| [[Austria]], [[Germany]]
| 1993
|-
| '''Scheldemond euroregion'''<br />Conseil de l'Estuaire de l'[[Scheldt|Escaut]]
| [[Belgium]], [[Netherlands]]
| 1989
|-
| '''Sea Alps euroregion'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eurocin.org/|title=Eurocin G.E.I.E. - HOME PAGE|author=Nekhem|work=eurocin.eu}}</ref><br />Euroregione “Alpi del Mare”<br />Eurorégion des “Alpes de la Mer”
| [[France]], [[Italy]]
| 1990
|-
| '''[[Silesia Euroregion|Silesia euroregion]]'''
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Poland]]
| 1998
|-
| '''Silva Nortica euroregion'''<br />Euroregion Silva Nortica / Jihočeská Silva Nortica
| [[Austria]], [[Czech Republic]]
| 2002
|-
| '''[[Spree (river)|Spree]]-[[Neisse]]-[[Bóbr|Bober]] euroregion'''<br />Sprewa-Nysa-Bóbr Euroregion
| [[Germany]], [[Poland]]
| 1992
|-
| '''[[Tatra Euroregion]]'''<br />Euroregion Tatry<br />Euroregión Tatry
| [[Poland]], [[Slovakia]]
| 1994
|-
| '''[[Tornio]] River Valley Council'''<br />The Tornedalen Council<br />Tornedalsrådet<br />Tornionlaakson Neuvosto
| [[Finland]], [[Sweden]]
| 1987
|-
| '''[[Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino Euroregion]]'''<br />Europaregion Tirol-Südtirol-Trentino<br />Euregione Tirolo-Alto Adige-Trentino<br />
| [[Austria]], [[Italy]]
| 1998
|-
| '''[[Rhine|TriRhena]] euroregion'''<br />Regio TriRhena
| [[Germany]], [[France]], [[Switzerland]]
| 1995
|-
| '''[[Siret – Prut – Nistru]] euroregion'''<br />Regiunea Siret - Prut - Nistru
| [[Romania]], [[Republic of Moldova]]
| 2000<ref name="ICDT">[[International Centre for Democratic Transition]], [http://www.icdt.hu/documents/events/Summary-and-Conclusions.pdf Sharing the Experiences of Visegrad Cooperation in the Western Balkans and the Eastern Partnership Countries - Summary and Conclusions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103455/http://www.icdt.hu/documents/events/Summary-and-Conclusions.pdf |date=2016-03-04 }}, p.5.</ref>
|-
| '''[[Stara Planina]] euroregion'''
| [[Serbia]], [[Bulgaria]]
| 2006
|-
|{{anchor|Superior Prut and Lower Danube}} '''[[Superior Prut and Lower Danube]] euroregion'''<br />Euroregiunea Dunărea de Jos
| [[Romania]], [[Republic of Moldova]] and [[Ukraine]]
| 1998
|-
| '''Via Salina euroregion'''<br />Ausserfern and Kleinwalsertal/Bregenzerwald Euregio
| [[Austria]], [[Germany]]
| 1997
|-
| '''West/West [[Pannonia]] euroregion'''
| [[Austria]], [[Hungary]]
| 1998
|-
| '''[[White Carpathians]] euroregion'''<br />Euroregion Bílé Karpaty<br />Euroregión Biele Karpaty
| [[Czech Republic]], [[Slovakia]]
| 2000
|-
| '''[[Zugspitze]]-Wetterstein-Karwendel euroregion'''
| [[Austria]], [[Germany]]
| 1998
|}
{{notelist|group=subject-list}}
==See also==
*[[Eurodistrict]]
*[[European Grouping for Territorial Cooperation]]
*[[British–Irish Council]]
*[[North/South Ministerial Council]]
==References==
{{Reflist|1}}
==External links==
* [http://www.coe.int/t/dgap/localdemocracy/Areas_of_Work/Transfrontier_Cooperation/Euroregions/What_is_en.asp Council of Europe: euroregions]
* [http://www.chernihiv-oblast.gov.ua/evroregion_dnipro Euroregion "Dnipro"]
{{Euroregions}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Euroregions| ]]
[[Category:Regional policies of the European Union]]
[[Category:Cross-border regions]]