View source for Expo 85 (Tsukuba, Japan)

{{Short description|1985 world's fair held in Ibaraki, Japan}}
{{redirect|Expo 85|the other expo in 1985|Expo 85 (Plovdiv, Bulgaria)}}
{{Infobox World's Fair
| box_width       =
| class           = Specialized
| category        = 12
| image           = Expo85 fuyo.jpg
| image_width     =
| caption         = Fuyō Pavilion
| year            = 1985
| name            = Tsukuba Expo '85
| motto           = Dwellings and surroundings – Science and Technology for Man at Home
| mascot = [[Cosmo Hoshimaru]]
| building        =
| area            = {{convert|102|ha|acre|abbr=off}}
| invent          =
| visitors        = 20,334,727
| organized       =
| cnt             = 111
| org             = 3
| biz             = 18
| country         = Japan
| city            = [[Tsukuba Science City]]
| venue           =
| coord           =
| cand            =
| award           =
| open            = {{start date|1985|03|17}}
| close           = {{start date|1985|09|16}}
| prevexpo        = [[1984 Louisiana World Exposition]]
| prevcity        = [[New Orleans]]
| nextexpo        = [[Expo 86]]
| nextcity        = [[Vancouver]]
| suppl           =
| prevsuppl       = [[Expo '70]]
| prevsupcity     = [[Osaka]]
| nextsuppl       = [[Seville Expo '92]]
| nextsupcity     = [[Seville]]
| prevunho        = [[International Garden Festival]]
| prevunhocity    = [[Liverpool]]
| nextunho        = [[Expo '90]]
| nextunhocity    = [[Osaka]]
| simuni          =
| simspe          = [[Expo 85 (Plovdiv, Bulgaria)|Expo 85]] in [[Plovdiv]]
| simhor          =
| simoth          =
| website         =
}}
'''Expo '85''', officially called the {{nihongo|'''International Exhibition, Tsukuba Japan 1985'''|国際科学技術博覧会|Kokusai Kagaku Gijutsu Hakurankai|"The International Science Technology Exposition"}}, was a [[world's fair]] held in [[Tsukuba Science City]],{{efn|Tsukuba Science City is a planned city focused on technology north of [[Tokyo]], not a municipality name. city of [[Tsukuba]] was established in 1987, after closure of Expo '85.}} [[Ibaraki Prefecture|Ibaraki]], [[Japan]] between Sunday, March 17 and Monday, September 16, 1985.<ref name="bie"/><ref name="epo">{{cite web |title=International exhibitions as referred to in Article 55 EPC - OJ EPO 1979, 159 - 2015, A43 |url=http://www.epo.org/law-practice/legal-texts/official-journal/2016/etc/se4/p219.html |website=epo.org |publisher=European Patent Office |access-date=3 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014012712/https://www.epo.org/law-practice/legal-texts/official-journal/2016/etc/se4/p219.html |archive-date=2021-10-14 |pages=219–227 |language=en |url-status=live}}</ref> The main venue was located in town of Yatabe, and the sub venue was in village of Sakura. The theme of the fair was "Dwellings and surroundings – Science and Technology for Man at Home".<ref name="bie"/> Attendance was over 20 million and 48 countries participated,<ref name="bie">{{cite web |url=http://www.bie-paris.org/site/en/1985-tsukuba |title=1985 Tsukuba |access-date=September 12, 2016 |publisher=Bureau of International Expositions |location=Paris }}</ref> along with several companies.
==The exposition==
The exhibition recognised by the [[Bureau International des Expositions]] (BIE), was devoted to the advancements in science and technology, and sought to highlight the impact of technological evolution on ordinary life<ref name=pais>{{cite news |url=http://elpais.com/diario/1985/03/15/sociedad/479689217_850215.html |title=Tsukuba Expo 85, un gran espectáculo |access-date=September 12, 2016 |date=March 15, 1985 |work=El País |publisher=Ediciones El País |location=Madrid |language=es }}</ref> to ensure that science and technology would be accessible to everyone.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Ahl |first=David |title=Expo '85: International, but Oh, so Japanese |date=August 1985 |magazine=Creative Computing |volume=11 |issue=8 |pages=66–67 |location=Los Angeles |publisher=Ahl Computing |url=https://archive.org/stream/creativecomputing-1985-08/Creative_Computing_v11_n08_1985_Aug#page/n67/mode/1up}}</ref>
The exhibition had a double intention. It was expected that the exposition would showcase Japan as a country of technological innovation. In addition, organisers hoped that the Expo would give some much needed exposure to Tsukuba, a city created 2 decades before as a scientific center, without much success.<ref name=pais />
Among the attractions of the exposition was the first [[Jumbotron]], a huge TV screen developed by the Japanese firm [[Sony]].<ref name=pais />
Grouped by continent, the participant countries were as follows:
; Africa
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
*{{EGY}}
*{{CIV}}
*{{KEN}}
*{{SEN}}
*{{flag|Seychelles|1977}}
*{{flag|Tunisia|1959}}
*{{flag|Zambia|1964}}
{{div col end}}
; Asia
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
*{{BRN}}
*{{CHN}}
*{{IDN}}
*{{IRN}}
*{{flag|Japan|1870}}
*{{flag|South Korea|1984}}
*{{NPL}}
*{{flag|Philippines|1985}}
*{{LKA}}
*{{THA}}
{{div col end}}
; The Americas
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
*{{flag|Brazil|1968}}
*{{BLZ}}
*{{CAN}}
*{{CRI}}
*{{DOM}}
*{{JAM}}
*{{PAN}}
*{{USA}}
*{{URY}}
{{div col end}}
; Europe
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
*{{BEL}}
*{{Flag|Bulgaria|1971}}
*{{FRA}}
*{{FRG}}
*{{ITA}}
*{{PRT}}
*{{SWE}}
*{{CHE}}
*{{Flag|Soviet Union}}
*{{TUR}}
*{{GBR}}
*{{YUG}}
{{div col end}}
; Oceania
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
*{{AUS}}
*{{FJI}}
*{{KIR}}
*{{NRU}}
*{{PNG}}
*{{WSM}}
*{{SLB}}
*{{TON}}
*{{TUV}}
*{{VUT}}
{{div col end}}
In regards to the companies, the ones who were present are as follows:
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
*[[Daiei]]
*[[Fujitsu]]
*[[Fuyo Group]]
*[[Hitachi]]
*[[IBM]]
*[[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association]]
*[[Kodansha]]
*[[Panasonic|Matsushita]]
*[[Mitsubishi]]
*[[Mitsui]]
*[[NEC]]
*[[Nippon Telegraph and Telephone|NTT]]
*[[Shueisha]]
*[[Sony]]
*[[Sumitomo Group]]
*[[Suntory]]
*[[TDK]]
*[[Toshiba]]
*[[UCC Ueshima Coffee Co.]]
*[[Japan Airlines]]
{{div col end}}
Also  present were the [[United Nations]], the [[European Economic Community]], the [[OECD|Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)]] and the [[Asian Development Bank]], along with the government of the [[Ibaraki prefecture]].
===Mascot===
The mascot was Cosmo Hoshimaru<ref name="mascot1">{{cite web|url=http://www.expomuseum.com/mascots/|access-date=April 28, 2020|title=ExpoMuseum / World's Fair Mascots}}</ref> was designed by a student in a design competition,<ref name="mascot2">{{cite web|url=https://2012expo.wordpress.com/2011/11/22/from-pelican-to-plankton-a-brief-history-of-expo-mascots/|access-date=April 28, 2020|title=From Pelican to Plankton: A Brief History of Expo Mascots &#124; Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea|date=22 November 2011 }}</ref> and shows either a anthropomorphic planet with a ring<ref name="mascot2" /> or an alien astronaut with a flying saucer.<ref name="mascot3">{{Citation
| last1 =Linden
| first1 =Gordon L
| title=The Book of Expo Guidebooks
| publisher=The Expo Book
| chapter=1985 Tsukuba, Japan
| year=2016
| page=124
| isbn=978-1-329-77870-2
}}
</ref>
==See also==
* [[Technocosmos]] (Ferris wheel that was built for the Expo '85)
==Note==
{{Notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
*Narita, Tatsushi. 'Tsukuba 1985.' In ''Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions'', ed. John E. Findling and Kimberly D. Pelle. Jefferson, NC and London:McFarland, 2008. pp.&nbsp;364–367.
* {{Cite journal | title=Expo '85 At Tsukuba | date=May 1985 |pages=102–105 |journal=[[Popular Mechanics]]}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Expo 1985}}
*[http://www.bie-paris.org/site/en/1985-tsukuba Official website of the BIE]
* [http://www.epo.org/law-practice/legal-texts/official-journal/2016/etc/se4/p219.html European Patent Office]
* [http://www.icam.co.jp/en/business/exhibition_en.html ICAM Cell Universe exhibit at Expo '85]
* [http://expomuseum.com/1985/ ExpoMuseum page on Expo '85] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061117172830/http://expomuseum.com/1985/ |date=2006-11-17 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100216061337/http://w3land.mlit.go.jp/Air/photo400/84/ckt-84-4/c8b/ckt-84-4_c8b_4.jpg Aerial photograph at the area, 1984]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDs06u63iiM Live performance at Expo '85 by Boz Scaggs]
*[[:ja:国際科学技術博覧会|The International Exposition, Tsukuba, Japan]], written in Japanese but equipped with a lot of pictures of representative pavilions.
{{List of world exhibitions}}
{{List of world's fairs of East Asia}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:World's fairs in Japan]]
[[Category:Tsukuba, Ibaraki]]
[[Category:1985 in Japan]]
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