View source for FOLR3

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
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{{Infobox gene}}
'''Folate receptor gamma''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the FOLR3 [[gene]]. It is involved in up-take of [[folic acid]].<ref name = "Kelemen_2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kelemen LE | title = The role of folate receptor alpha in cancer development, progression and treatment: cause, consequence or innocent bystander? | journal = International Journal of Cancer | volume = 119 | issue = 2 | pages = 243–250 | date = July 2006 | pmid = 16453285 | doi = 10.1002/ijc.21712 | s2cid = 1966455 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
== Gene location ==
The ''FOLR'' multi-gene family (''FOLR1'', ''FOLR2'' and ''FOLR3'') is localized to chromosome 11q13.3–q14.1, and encodes the gene products FRα, β and γ, respectively.<ref name = "Yoshitomi_2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yoshitomi R, Nakayama K, Yamashita S, Kumazoe M, Lin TA, Mei CY, Marugame Y, Fujimura Y, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Kuriyama S, Tachibana H | title = Plasma Homocysteine Concentration is Associated with the Expression Level of Folate Receptor 3 | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 10 | issue = 1 | pages = 10283 | date = June 2020 | pmid = 32581311 | pmc = 7314855 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-020-67288-9 | bibcode = 2020NatSR..1010283Y }}</ref>
== Tissue distribution ==
FOLR3 is localized in [[Haematopoiesis|haematopoietic]] tissue, such as spleen and bone marrow, and is present as a [[secretory protein]]. FOLR3 expresses in humans rather than mice and rats.<ref name = "Kelemen_2006" />
== Function ==
The ''FOLR3'' gene is polymorphic due to a nonsense mutation resulting in a truncated protein; FRγ, which can bind folic acid. ''FOLR3'' genes each consist of 5 exons, 4 introns and 1 promoter that encodes a single transcript.<ref name = "Kelemen_2006" />
== Clinical significance ==
Expression of FOLR3 is correlated more strongly with plasma [[homocysteine]](Hcy) than [[Folate receptor 1|FOLR1]] and [[FOLR2]]. FOLR3 may decrease plasma Hcy compared with other FOLRs.<ref name = "Yoshitomi_2020" /> It was demonstrated that FOLR3 can metabolize both intracellular Hcy and extracellular Hcy. These results indicate that an increase in FOLR3 may effectively ameliorate Hcy in the blood and weaken Hcy-induced toxicity, even in tissues with the low level of FOLR1 and FOLR2 expression.<ref name = "Yoshitomi_2020" />
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
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[[Category:Membrane proteins]]