View source for Fagraea

{{Short description|Genus of plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Fagraea crenulata.JPG
|image_caption = ''[[Fagraea crenulata]]''
|display_parents = 2
|taxon = Fagraea
|authority = [[Thunb.]]
}}
'''''Fagraea''''' is a genus of [[plant]]s in the family [[Gentianaceae]].<ref>Backlund, M., et al. (2000). [https://web.archive.org/web/20010427032141/http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/87/7/1029 Phylogenetic relationships within the Gentianales based on NDHF and RBCL sequences, with particular reference to the Loganiaceae.] ''American Journal of Botany'' 87 1029-43.</ref> It includes [[tree]]s, [[shrub]]s, [[liana]]s, and [[epiphyte]]s. They can be found in forests, swamps, and other habitat in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands, with the [[center of diversity]] in [[Malesia]].<ref name=motley>Motley, T. J. (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110912124918/http://sci.odu.edu/biology/directory/Motley_files/publications/Fagraea_Motley2004.pdf The ethnobotany of ''Fagraea'' Thunb.(Gentianaceae): The timber of Malesia and the scent of Polynesia.] ''Economic Botany'' 58(3) 396-409.</ref>
Many ''Fagraea'' species have a variety of human uses, particularly the wood and flowers. The flowers open in the evening and are often fragrant and bat-pollinated. They are so conspicuous they have roles in [[Polynesian mythology]]. They make the trees attractive as [[ornamental plant]]ings. Some are used in [[Lei (garland)|leis]]. ''[[Fagraea auriculata]]'' produces a flower over 30 centimeters wide, one of the largest flowers of any plant in the world. Many species, especially the Malesian taxa, have valuable wood. It was used to carve [[tiki]]s. Some have been used in [[traditional medicine]], [[perfume]]ry, and [[aromatherapy]]. The flowers are featured in the traditional artwork of various cultures.<ref name=motley/>
The fruits are food for many animals, including [[cassowary|cassowaries]], [[pteropus|flying foxes]], and [[civet]]s.<ref name=motley/>
[[File:Fagraea ceilanica 10.JPG|thumb|right|''[[Fagraea ceilanica]]'']]
==Species==
{{As of|2023|5}}, [[Plants of the World Online]] accepts the following 65 species:<ref name="POWO"/>
{{div col |colwidth=24em}}
* ''[[Fagraea acutibracteata]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea amabilis]]'' {{small|S.Moore}}
* ''[[Fagraea annulata]]'' {{small|Hiern}}
* ''[[Fagraea auriculata]]'' {{small|Jack}}
* ''[[Fagraea berteroana]]'' {{small|A.Gray ex Benth.}}
* ''[[Fagraea blumei]]'' {{small|G.Don}}
* ''[[Fagraea bodenii]]'' {{small|Wernham}}
* ''[[Fagraea borneensis]]'' {{small|Scheff.}}
* ''[[Fagraea cambagei]]'' {{small|Domin}}
* ''[[Fagraea cameronensis]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugumaran}}
* ''[[Fagraea carnosa]]'' {{small|Jack}}
* ''[[Fagraea carstensensis]]'' {{small|Wernham}}
* ''[[Fagraea ceilanica]]'' {{small|Thunb.}}
* ''[[Fagraea coromandelina]]'' {{small|Wight}}
* ''[[Fagraea crassifolia]]'' {{small|Blume}}
* ''[[Fagraea curtisii]]'' {{small|King & Gamble}}
* ''[[Fagraea dasyantha]]'' {{small|Gilg & Gilg-Ben.}}
* ''[[Fagraea dolichopoda]]'' {{small|Gilg & Gilg-Ben.}}
* ''[[Fagraea dulitensis]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea epiphytica]]'' {{small|Elmer}}
* ''[[Fagraea euneura]]'' {{small|Scheff.}}
* ''[[Fagraea eymae]]'' {{small|Backer ex Leenh.}}
* ''[[Fagraea fagraeacea]]'' {{small|(F.Muell.) Druce}}
* ''[[Fagraea fastigiata]]'' {{small|Blume}}
* ''[[Fagraea floribunda]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea fraserensis]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugumaran}}
* ''[[Fagraea gardeniiflora]]'' {{small|Wernham}}
* ''[[Fagraea gardenioides]]'' {{small|Ridl.}}
* ''[[Fagraea gitingensis]]'' {{small|Elmer}}
* ''[[Fagraea graciliflora]]'' {{small|Leenh.}}
* ''[[Fagraea gracilipes]]'' {{small|A.Gray}}
* ''[[Fagraea havilandii]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea iliasii]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea imperialis]]'' {{small|Miq.}}
* ''[[Fagraea involucrata]]'' {{small|Merr.}}
* ''[[Fagraea kalimantanensis]]'' {{small|(Leenh.) K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea kinabaluensis]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea kinghamii]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugumaran}}
* ''[[Fagraea kuminii]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea larutensis]]'' {{small|Sugumaran}}
* ''[[Fagraea latibracteata]]'' {{small|Sugumaran}}
* ''[[Fagraea litoralis]]'' {{small|Blume}}
* ''[[Fagraea longiflora]]'' {{small|Merr.}}
* ''[[Fagraea longipetiolata]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea macroscypha]]'' {{small|Baker}}
* ''[[Fagraea megalantha]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea oblonga]]'' {{small|King & Gamble}}
* ''[[Fagraea obtusifolia]]'' {{small|Merr. & L.M.Perry}}
* ''[[Fagraea oreophila]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea plumeriiflora]]'' {{small|DC.}}
* ''[[Fagraea pyriformis]]'' {{small|S.Moore}}
* ''[[Fagraea rarissima]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea renae]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea resinosa]]'' {{small|Leenh.}}
* ''[[Fagraea ridleyi]]'' {{small|King & Gamble}}
* ''[[Fagraea salticola]]'' {{small|Leenh.}}
* ''[[Fagraea splendens]]'' {{small|Blume}}
* ''[[Fagraea stonei]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea tacapala]]'' {{small|Leenh.}}
* ''[[Fagraea ternatana]]'' {{small|Miq.}}
* ''[[Fagraea truncata]]'' {{small|Blume}}
* ''[[Fagraea tubulosa]]'' {{small|Blume}}
* ''[[Fagraea tuyukii]]'' {{small|K.M.Wong & Sugau}}
* ''[[Fagraea umbelliflora]]'' {{small|Gilg & Gilg-Ben.}}
* ''[[Fagraea woodiana]]'' {{small|F.Muell.}}
{{div col end}}
==Formerly placed here==
*''Fagraea fragrans'' {{au|Roxb.}}, now ''[[Cyrtophyllum fragrans]]'' {{au|(Roxb.) DC.}}{{R|POWO1}}
*''Fagraea malayana'' {{au|Mart.}}, now ''[[Utania racemosa]]'' {{au|(Jack ex Wall.) Sugumaran}}{{R|POWO2}}
*''Fagraea peregrina'' {{au|(Reinw.) Blume}}, now ''[[Cyrtophyllum fragrans]]'' {{au|(Roxb.) DC.}}{{R|POWO1}}
*''Fagraea racemosa'' {{au|Jack ex Wall.}}, now ''[[Utania racemosa]]'' {{au|(Jack ex Wall.) Sugumaran}}{{R|POWO2}}
*''Fagraea ridleyi'' {{au|Gand.}}, now ''[[Cyrtophyllum fragrans]]'' {{au|(Roxb.) DC.}}{{R|POWO1}}
*''Fagraea thwaitesii'' {{au|F.Muell.}}, now ''[[Utania racemosa]]'' {{au|(Jack ex Wall.) Sugumaran}}{{R|POWO2}}
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.0939515 - Fagraea racemosa Wallich - Artwork.jpeg|''Fagraea racemosa Wallich'', 19th century
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.0939517 - Bernecker, A. - Fagraea imperialis Miquel - Artwork.jpeg|''Fagraea imperialis Miquel'', A. Bernecker, ~1860
</gallery>
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=POWO>{{cite web |title=''Fagraea'' Thunb. |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25059-1 |website=Plants of the World Online (POWO) |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="POWO1">{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:546043-1 |title=''Cyrtophyllum fragrans'' (Roxb.) D.C. |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="POWO2">{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77140741-1 |title=''Utania racemosa'' (Jack ex Wall.) Sugumaran |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>
}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q776584}}
[[Category:Fagraea| ]]
[[Category:Gentianaceae genera]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]
{{Gentianales-stub}}