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{{Short description|Official journal, newspaper, or newspaper of record}}
{{Other uses|The Gazette (disambiguation){{!}}The Gazette}}
A '''gazette''' is an [[official journal]], a [[newspaper of record]], or simply a [[newspaper]].
In English and French speaking countries, newspaper publishers have applied the name ''Gazette'' since the 17th century; today, numerous weekly and daily newspapers bear the name ''The Gazette''.
==Etymology==
''Gazette'' is a [[loanword]] from the French language, which is, in turn, a 16th-century permutation of the Italian ''gazzetta'', which is the name of a particular [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] coin. ''Gazzetta'' became an [[epithet]] for ''newspaper'' during the early and middle 16th century, when the first Venetian newspapers cost one gazzetta.<ref>{{cite book |title=An Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages |url=https://archive.org/details/etymologicaldict00diezuoft |last=Diez |first=Friedrich |author-link=Friedrich Christian Diez |year=1864 |publisher=Williams |location=[[London]]}}</ref> (Compare with other vernacularisms from publishing lingo, such as the British ''[[penny dreadful]]'' and the American ''[[dime novel]]''.) This loanword, with its various [[Corruption (linguistics)|corruptions]], persists in numerous modern languages ([[Slavic languages]], [[Turkic languages]]).
==Government gazettes==
{{Main|Government gazette}}
{{Main list|List of government gazettes}}
In [[England]], with the 1700 founding of ''The Oxford Gazette'' (which became the ''[[London Gazette]]''), the word ''gazette'' came to indicate a public journal of the government; today, such a journal is sometimes called a [[government gazette]]. For some governments, publishing information in a gazette was or is a legal necessity by which official documents [[Coming into force|come into force]] and enter the [[public domain]]. Such is the case for documents published in ''[[Royal Thai Government Gazette]]'' (est. 1858), and in ''[[The Gazette of India]]'' (est. 1950).
The [[government of the United Kingdom]] requires government gazettes of its member countries. Publication of the ''[[Edinburgh Gazette]]'', the official government newspaper in Scotland, began in 1699. The ''[[Dublin Gazette]]'' of [[Ireland]] followed in 1705, but ceased when the [[Irish Free State]] seceded from the United Kingdom in 1922; the ''[[Iris Oifigiúil]]'' (Irish: ''Official Gazette'') replaced it. The ''[[Belfast Gazette]]'' of [[Northern Ireland]] published its first issue in 1921.
=={{Anchor|Gazettal}}''Gazette'' as a verb==<!--linked from [[Adrian Johns]]-->
Chiefly in British English, the [[transitive verb]] ''to gazette'' means "to announce or publish in a gazette"; especially where ''gazette'' refers to a public journal or a newspaper of record. For example, "[[Lake Nakuru]] was gazetted as a bird sanctuary in 1960 and upgraded to [[National Park]] status in 1968."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6439 |title=Lake Nakuru National Park |work=[[BirdLife International]] |date=17 January 2014 |access-date=21 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150509120644/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6439 |archive-date=9 May 2015}}</ref> [[British Army]] personnel decorations, promotions, and officer commissions are gazetted in the ''[[London Gazette]]'', the "Official Newspaper of Record for the United Kingdom".<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/about/info |title=Information Available |journal=[[London Gazette]] |publisher=[[The Stationery Office]] |access-date=3 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310141726/http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/about/info |archive-date=10 March 2011}}</ref> ''Gazettal'' (a noun) is the act of gazetting; for example, "the gazettal of the bird sanctuary".<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gazettal |title=gazettal |dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster Dictionary]] |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=17 January 2014}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Gazetteer]]
* [[List of British colonial gazettes]]
* [[List of English words of French origin]]
* [[List of government gazettes]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Wiktionary|gazette}}
*{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Gazette|volume=11 |page=545|short=x}}
[[Category:Gazettes| ]]
[[Category:Newspaper terminology]]
[[Category:Italian inventions]]
[[Category:Westminster system]]×××·
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