View source for Hôtel de Chevreuse (rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre)

{{Short description|Former hotel in France}}
{{For|the Hôtel de Chevreuse on the rue Saint-Dominique|Hôtel de Chevreuse}}
{{Infobox building
| name = {{Unbulleted list|
* Hôtel de Chevreuse
* Hôtel d'Épernon
* Hôtel de Longueville
}}
| image = Hostel de chevreuse 13736.jpg
| caption = Street front of the Hôtel de Chevreuse before 1655, engraved after [[Jean Marot (architect)|Jean Marot]] and published in ''[[Topographia Galliae]]''<ref name=Deutsch_Chevreuse>Deutsch 2015, pp. 91, 424.</ref>
| address = {{Ill|Rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre|fr}}
| location_town = [[Paris]]
| location_country = [[France]]
| coordinates = {{WikidataCoord|Q26207204|display=inline,title}}
| start_date = 1622
| demolition_date = 1834
| architect = [[Clément Métezeau]]
}}
The '''Hôtel de Chevreuse''' ({{IPA|fr|otɛl də ʃəvʁøz}}; later '''Hôtel d'Épernon''' {{IPA|fr|otɛl depɛʁnɔ̃|}}, then '''Hôtel de Longueville''' {{IPA|fr|otɛl də lɔ̃ɡvil|}}) was an aristocratic townhouse (''[[hôtel particulier]]''), built in 1622 and located on the west side of the {{Ill|Rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre|fr}} on a site now part of the [[Cour Napoléon]] on the west side of the [[Louvre Palace|Louvre]] in Paris, France. The ''hôtel'' was destroyed in 1834.<ref name=Gady>Gady 2008, p. 309 "Chevreuse (hôtel de), rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre".</ref>
==Ownership history==
An earlier ''hôtel'' on the site was sold in 1620 for 175,000 ''[[French livre|livres]]'' to [[Charles d'Albert, Duke of Luynes]], who the following year united it with an adjacent house to the west for 8,000 ''[[écus]]''. The property then extended to the ramparts ([[Wall of Charles V]]), part of which [[Louis XIII]] had given to Luynes, reserving four [[toises]] for the passage of the {{Ill|Rue Saint-Nicaise|fr}}. After Luynes died in December 1621, the property passed to his widow, [[Marie de Rohan]].<ref name=Berty>[https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008619948/page/n156/mode/1up Berty 1885, pp. 103–105].</ref>
The old ''hôtel'' was demolished and the Hôtel de Chevreuse was built in 1622–1623 to the designs of the architect [[Clément Métezeau]] for Marie de Rohan's new husband, [[Claude of Lorraine, Duke of Chevreuse]], who had purchased the property from her just before their marriage on 21 April 1622.<ref name=Gady/><ref name=Berty/> They hosted the [[George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham|Duke of Buckingham]] in May 1625, who came to escort [[Henrietta Maria]] to England.<ref>[[Roger Lockyer]], ''Buckingham'' (London: Longman, 1981), p. 236.</ref>
After the Duke's death in 1657, she sold it for 400,000 ''[[French livre|livres]]'' to the [[Louis-Charles de Nogaret de Foix|Duke of Candale]], who put it in the name of his father [[Bernard de Nogaret, Duc d'Épernon]].<ref name=Berty/>
The Duke of Épernon died on 25 July 1661, and on 30 July 1662, [[Marie-Claire de Bauffrement]], widow of Gaston de Foix, Comte de Fleix, relinquished it to [[Louis XIV]] for 488,722 livres, 8 sous, 9 deniers. On 13 August, Louis gave it to [[Duke Henri II de Longueville]], in exchange for the ''hôtel'' the latter had in the Rue des Poulies. The Duke of Longueville died the following year, and his daughter, [[Marie d'Orléans de Longueville]], having inherited all of his estates following the deaths of her brothers, gave it to her cousin, {{Ill|Louis-Henri de Bourbon-Soissons|fr}} (known under the name of Prince of Neufchâtel), who died in 1703.  On 30 July 1710, his daughter, {{Ill|Louise-Léontine de Bourbon|lt=Louise de Bourbon|WD=Q22086092|short=true}}, brought it as part of her dowry to [[Charles Philippe d'Albert, Duke of Luynes]], to whose family the property thus returned.<ref name=Berty/>
==On old maps of Paris==
The ''hôtel'' is depicted on the 1652 [[Gomboust map of Paris]] with an entrance screen and a central ''[[porte cochère]]'' on the rue Saint-Thomas-du Louvre, a ''[[cour d'honneur]]'' with two lateral wings and a ''[[corps de logis]]'' between the entrance court and a large garden, which runs all the way to the rue Saint-Niçaise on the west. It is also shown in a somewhat different configuration<ref>The entrance court and the lateral wings appear to be much shorter than in Marot's engravings or on the Gomboust map.</ref> on the [[Turgot map of Paris]], published in 1739.
<gallery mode="packed" heights="300" caption="On old maps of Paris">
File:Hôtel de Chevreuse (rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre) on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris – Rumsey.jpg|Shown as the Hôtel de Chevreuse on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris (east at the top)
File:Hôtel de Chevreuse (rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre) on the 1672 Rochefort map of Paris – Rumsey.jpg|Shown as the Hôtel Chevreuse on the 1672 Jouvin-de-Rochefort map of Paris (north at the top)
File:Louvre and Tuileries palaces on the map of Turgot 1739 - Kyoto U.jpg|Shown as the Hôtel de Longueville on the 1739 [[Turgot map of Paris]] (southeast at the top)
</gallery>
==Depictions by Jean Marot==
The street and garden façades of the ''hôtel'' were engraved by [[Jean Marot (architect)|Jean Marot]]. The two engravings were re-engraved and published in 1655 in volume one of Martin Zeiller's ''[[Topographia Galliae]]''.<ref name=Deutsch_Chevreuse/> A view of the street front from a higher perspectivew with a cutout of the entrance screen was engraved by Marot c. 1670.<ref name=Deutsch_Longueville >Deutsch 2015, pp. 177, 464.</ref>
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200" caption="Other views by Jean Marot">
File:Palais de Chevreuse Zeiller 13746.jpg|Garden façade of the Hôtel de Chevreuse before 1655, engraved after Jean Marot and published in ''Topographia Galliae''<ref name=Deutsch_Chevreuse/>
File:L'Architecture française (Marot) BnF RES-V-371 066r-f139 Hôtel de Longueville, rue St Thomas du Louvre, Vue (adjusted).jpg|Street front of the Hôtel de Longueville, as engraved by Jean Marot c. 1670<ref name=Deutsch_Longueville/>
</gallery>
==See also==
* [[Hôtel de Rambouillet]], located immediately to the north of the Hôtel de Chevreuse
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==Bibliography==
*[[Berty, Adolphe]] (1885). [https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008619948/page/n156/mode/1up "Hôtel d'O, de la Vieuville, de Chevreuse, d'Épernon, et de Longueville"], pp. 103–105, in ''Topographie historique du vieux Paris: Région du Louvre et des Tuileries'', second edition, vol. 1. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
* Deutsch, Kristina (2015). ''Jean Marot : Un graveur d'architecture à l'époque de Louis XIV''. Berlin: De Gruyter. {{ISBN|9783110375954}}.
* Gady, Alexandre (2008). ''Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque''. Paris: Parigramme. {{ISBN|9782840962137}}.
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hotel De Chevreuse Louvre}}
[[Category:Hôtels particuliers in Paris|Chevreuse Louvre]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris]]
[[Category:Houses completed in 1623]]
[[Category:Ancien Régime French architecture]]
[[Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Paris]]
[[Category:Former buildings and structures in Paris]]
[[Category:1623 establishments in France]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 1834]]