View source for Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya

{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya
| native_name             =
| native_name_lang        = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| settlement_type         = Hotel / Restaurant
| image_skyline           = Hacienda Teya01.jpg
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = Entrance Hacienda Teya, Yucatán.
| etymology               =
| image_map               =
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             =
| pushpin_map             = Mexico
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Mexico
| pushpin_label1          = <!-- only necessary if "name" or "official_name" are too long -->
| pushpin_map_alt1        =
|coordinates             = {{coord|20|56|04|N|89|31|26|W|region:MX-YUC_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        =[[Mexico]]
|subdivision_type1       = [[Administrative divisions of Mexico|Mexican States]]
|subdivision_name1       = [[Yucatán (state)|Yucatán]]
|subdivision_type2       = [[Municipalities of Yucatán|Municipalities]]
|subdivision_name2       = [[Kanasín Municipality]]
|subdivision_type3       =
|subdivision_name3       =
|timezone1               = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset1             = −6
|timezone1_DST           = [[Central Daylight Time|CDT]]
|utc_offset1_DST         = −5
|postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Mexico|Postal code]]
|postal_code             = 97650<ref name="C.P. Lookup">{{cite web|title=Consulta Códigos Postales|url=http://www.sepomex.gob.mx/ServiciosLinea/Paginas/ccpostales.aspx|website=Servicio Postal Mexicano|publisher=Correos de México|accessdate=29 April 2015|archive-date=28 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728045723/http://www.sepomex.gob.mx/ServiciosLinea/Paginas/ccpostales.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|area_code_type          = [[Area code]]
|area_code               = 991<ref name="Yucatán Area Codes">{{cite web|title=Yucatan Mexico Telephone Area Codes|url=http://www.travelyucatan.com/info-7a.htm|website=Travel Yucatan|publisher=Travel Yucatan|accessdate=29 April 2015}}</ref>
| website                 = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
}}
'''Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya''' (aka Hacienda Teya) is located in the [[Kanasín Municipality]] in the state of [[Yucatán (state)|Yucatán]] in southeastern Mexico. During the seventeenth century it was one of the largest and most profitable cattle ranches in Yucatán. It was converted to agriculture and during the nineteenth century was part of the [[henequen]] boom. The [[hacienda]] has been restored and converted into a hotel, restaurant and tourist center.
==Toponymy==
The name (San Ildefonso Teya) comes from Spanish and the [[Mayan language]]. ''San Ildefonso'' is the name of the saint who is the patron of the chapel and ''Teya'', is the Maya name for the sapadilla tree or [[Manilkara zapota]].
==How to get there==
Teya is located off of the Mérida-Cancún highway at Kilometer 12.5.<ref name="Teya (GOY)">{{cite web|title=Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya|url=http://www.haciendasenyucatan.com/teya/|website=Haciendas en Yucatan|publisher=Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán|accessdate=4 May 2015|location=Mérida, Mexico|language=Spanish}}</ref>
==History==
{{main|Haciendas of Yucatán}}
Hacienda Teya was founded in 1683 by Ildefonsa Antonia Marcos Bermejo Calderón y de la Helguera, the wife of the Count of Miraflores. For two centuries it was a livestock plantation before converting to grow maize and then [[henequen]].<ref name="Teya (GOY)" /> During the 17th century, Teya, and the Nohpat [[estancia]], located in [[Umán Municipality|Umán]], were the largest and most profitable haciendas in Yucatán.<ref name="Machuca Gallegos (2011)" />
In 1874, the owner Manuel Ávila died and a new owner Joaquín Mendiola took over the property. In 1915, the owner, Alfredo Medina, was ordered to give a piece of land to the agrarian committee of Kanasín for the benefit of residents who had no plots for cultivation of their own grain or for cutting firewood.<ref name="Machuca Gallegos (2011)">{{cite journal|last1=Machuca Gallegos|first1=Laura|title=En los márgenes de Mérida, de la época colonial a 1917. Apuntes sobre la historia olvidada de Cholul, Kanasín, San José Tzal y Umán|journal=Península|date=January 2011|volume= 6|issue=1|url=http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S1870-57662011000100007&script=sci_arttext|accessdate=4 May 2015|publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México|language=Spanish|issn=1870-5766}}</ref>
It had been abandoned and in 1974 was purchased by Jorge Cárdenas Gutiérrez. From 1987-1991, Cárdenas reconstructed and restored the property into a hotel and restaurant.<ref name="Teya (GOY)" />
==Architecture==
San Ildefonso Teya has retained its colonial style and has some neoclassical influences, probably added in later times. The main house has a wide entering staircase flanked by two arches. This detail is repeated in the interior and at the entrance to the main courtyard.<ref name="Teya (GOY)" />
The dungeon, has been converted to a wine cellar and the old powerhouse has been modified into a ballroom. There is both a small chapel dedicated to San Antonio and the larger chapel which has served for celebrations and Masses.<ref name="Teya (GOY)" />
Along the interior corridors and in the hallways is an exhibit of photographs which have been collected over the last century, showing the history of the home. There are also images showing before and after pictures of the renovation.<ref name="Teya (GOY)" />
==Demographics==
All of the henequen plantations ceased to exist as autonomous communities with the agrarian land reform implemented by President [[Lazaro Cardenas]] in 1937. His decree turned the haciendas into collective ''[[ejido]]s'', leaving only 150 hectares to the former landowners for use as private property.<ref name="Joseph (1988)">{{cite book|last1=Joseph|first1=Gilbert Michael|title=Revolution from without : Yucatán, Mexico, and the United States, 1880-1924|date=1988|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham|isbn=0-8223-0822-3|page=292|edition=Pbk.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YFS2oNvg1ygC&pg=PA297|accessdate=29 April 2015}}</ref> Figures before 1937 indicate populations living on the farm. After 1937, figures indicate those living in the community, as the remaining Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya houses only the owner's immediate family.
According to the 2005 census conducted by the [[National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Mexico)|INEGI]], the population of the city was 554 inhabitants, of whom 278 were men and 276 were women.<ref name=Census>{{cite web|title=Principales resultados por localidad (ITER)|url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/consulta_resultados/iter2010.aspx?c=27329&s=est|website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía|accessdate=30 April 2015|language=Spanish|date=2010}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
|+ Population of Teya by year
|-
! Year
| 1900
| 1910
| 1921
| 1930
| 1940
| 1950
| 1960
| 1970
| 1980
| 1990
| 1995
| 2000
| 2005
|-
! Population
| 221
| 104
| 81
| 147
| 163
| 173
| 213
| 294
| 301
| 359
| 432
| 469
| 554
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* Bracamonte, P and Solís, R., ''Los espacios de autonomía maya'', Ed. UADY, Mérida, 1997.
* Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán, "Los municipios de Yucatán", 1988.
* Kurjack, Edward y Silvia Garza, ''Atlas arqueológico del Estado de Yucatán'', Ed. INAH, 1980.
* Patch, Robert, ''La formación de las estancias y haciendas en Yucatán durante la colonia'', Ed. UADY, 1976.
* Peón Ancona, J. F., "Las antiguas haciendas de Yucatán", en ''Diario de Yucatán'', Mérida, 1971.
==Photo gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
Teya (Kanasín), Yucatán (01).JPG|Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya
Teya (Kanasín), Yucatán (02).JPG|Chapel at Hacienda San Ildefonso Teya
</gallery>
{{DEFAULTSORT:Teya}}
[[Category:Populated places in Yucatán]]
[[Category:Haciendas of Yucatán]]