View source for Heinrich Louis d'Arrest

{{short description|German astronomer (1822–1875)}}
{{Redirect|d'Arrest|the crater on the Moon|d'Arrest (crater)|the crater on Phobos|d'Arrest (Phobos crater)|the comet|6P/d'Arrest}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name          = Heinrich Louis d'Arrest
|image         = Heinrich Louis d'Arrest.jpg
|image_size    = 150px
|caption       = Heinrich Louis d'Arrest
|birth_date    = 13 August 1822
|birth_place=Berlin
|death_date  ={{death date and age|1875|6|14|1822|8|13|df=y}}
|death_place       = [[Copenhagen]]
|residence         =
|citizenship       =
|nationality       = [[Germans|German]]
|ethnicity         =
|field             =
|work_institutions =
|alma_mater        =
|doctoral_advisor  =
|doctoral_students = [[Thorvald N. Thiele]]
|known_for         = [[Neptune]]
|prizes            = [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]]<br> [[Lalande Prize]] (1844)
|religion          =
|footnotes         =
|signature         =
}}
'''Heinrich Louis d'Arrest''' (13 August 1822 – 14 June 1875; {{IPA|de|daˈʁɛ}}&nbsp;<ref>Müller, August, ''Allgemeines Wörterbuch der Aussprache ausländischer Eigennamen'' (7th ed., 1903), p. 34.</ref>) was a [[Germans|German]] [[astronomer]], born in [[Berlin]]. His name is sometimes given as '''Heinrich Ludwig d'Arrest'''.
== Biography ==
While still a student at the [[Humboldt University of Berlin|University of Berlin]], d'Arrest was party to [[Johann Gottfried Galle]]'s search for [[Neptune]]. On 23 September 1846, he suggested that a recently drawn chart of the sky, in the region of [[Urbain Le Verrier]]'s predicted location, could be compared with the current sky to seek the displacement characteristic of a [[planet]], as opposed to a stationary [[star]]. [[Neptune]] was [[Discovery of Neptune|discovered that very night]].
D'Arrest's later work at the [[:de:Sternwarte Leipzig|Leipzig Observatory]] led him, in 1851, to the discovery of the [[comet]] named for him (formally designated [[Comet d'Arrest|6P/d'Arrest]]). He also studied [[asteroid]]s, discovering [[76 Freia]], [[nebula]]e, and galaxies, discovering [[NGC 1]] in 1861 and [[NGC 26]] and [[NGC 358]] in 1865.
In 1864 D'Arrest made an unsuccessful search for [[Moons of Mars|Martian satellites]], and posited an upper limit of 70 [[minute of arc|minutes of arc]] as the distance from Mars within which a moon should be sought.<ref>Lord Lindsay, "Address," ''[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]'' 39:4 (Feb. 14, 1879), p. 311.</ref>
He won the [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] in 1875.
In 1857, he married Auguste Emilie Möbius, daughter of his then-supervisor, [[August Ferdinand Möbius]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers |last=Hockey |first=Thomas |date=2009 |publisher=[[Springer Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-387-31022-0 |access-date=August 22, 2012 |url=http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/58330.html}}</ref>  He died in [[Copenhagen]], Denmark.
=== Honours ===
The crater ''[[D'Arrest (crater)|D'Arrest]]'' on the Moon, the crater ''[[D'Arrest (Phobos crater)|D'Arrest]]'' on the Martian satellite [[Phobos (moon)|Phobos]], as well as the asteroid [[9133 d'Arrest]] were named after him.
==See also==
*[[NGC 819]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* {{cite journal |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1875MNRAS..35..265. |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=35 |pages=265–275 |title=Address Delivered by the President, Professor Adams, on presenting the Gold Medal of the Society to Professor Heinrich d'Arrest |date=February 1875 |issue=4 |doi=10.1093/mnras/35.4.265 |doi-access=free |bibcode=1875MNRAS..35..265. |access-date=2024-10-24}}
===Obituaries===
* {{cite journal |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1876MNRAS..36..155. |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=36 |pages=155–158 |title=Report of the Council to the Fifty-sixth Annual General Meeting |date=February 1876 |doi=10.1093/mnras/36.4.155 |doi-access=free |bibcode=1876MNRAS..36..155. |access-date=2024-10-24}}
* {{cite journal |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1875AN.....86...64S |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |language=de |volume=86 |pages=64 |title=Todes-Anzeige |first=H. C. F. C. |last=Schjellerup |date=June 1875 |issue=3–4 |doi=10.1002/asna.18750860306 |bibcode=1875AN.....86...64S |access-date=2024-10-24}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite encyclopedia
| last = Dieke
| first = Sally
| title = Heinrich Louis D' Arrest
| encyclopedia = [[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]]
| volume = 1
| pages = 295–296
| publisher = [[Charles Scribner's Sons]]
| location = New York
| date = 1970
| isbn = 0-684-10114-9
}}
{{Neptune}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arrest, Heinrich Louis D}}
[[Category:1822 births]]
[[Category:1875 deaths]]
[[Category:German people of French descent]]
[[Category:German emigrants to Denmark]]
[[Category:19th-century German astronomers]]
[[Category:Discoverers of asteroids]]
[[Category:Discoverers of comets]]
[[Category:Scientists from Berlin]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Leipzig University]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Lalande Prize]]
[[Category:Astronomers from the Kingdom of Prussia]]