View source for Henry John Gardiner (businessman)

{{Short description|English businessman (1843–1940)}}
{{about || the Australian politician|Harry Gardiner |the composer|Henry Balfour Gardiner}}
{{about || the Governor of Massachusetts|Henry Gardner |the economist|Henry B. Gardner |similar names|Harry Gardner (disambiguation){{!}}Harry Gardner}}
<!-- confuse [[File:Portrait of H. J. Gardiner (4672482).jpg]] (Welsh person) -->
[[File:Henry John Gardiner, Esq.by Sir Luke Fildes, R.A.jpg|thumb| H. J. Gardiner in 1920, painted by Sir [[Luke Fildes]] ]]
'''Henry John Gardiner''', (born 1843, died 2 February 1940),{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} was an English businessman who made an immense fortune in the clothing industry (colloquially known as the 'rag trade'), as chairman of various [[drapery]] warehousing and wholesale firms, and other business investments. His life was relatively uneventful, and he divided his time between his business affairs in London and [[shooting (sport)|shooting]] in the Hampshire countryside. He had two sons who profited from his enormous wealth, [[H. Balfour Gardiner]], composer and patron of British classical music, and Sir [[Alan H. Gardiner]], a renowned Egyptologist who was present at the discovery of [[Tutankhamen]]'s tomb in 1922.
==Early life==
He was born in [[Bristol]] in 1843,{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} baptised on 11 December 1843 at the church of [[St Michael on the Mount Without]].{{cn|date=June 2024}}
His father, also named Henry Gardiner, was born in Bristol in 1809. He worked in the woollen [[drapery]] business carrying on his own father's retail trade, and started a modest wholesale clothing firm with connections in the West of England and [[South Wales]]. He developed a lucrative export trade in ready-made clothing to the [[West Indies]],<ref>{{cite web|title=The History of Bristol Uniforms 1801–2014 |page=2 |url=https://www.rosenbauer.si/doc/prospekti/the-history-of-bristol-uniforms.pdf |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref> followed by a series of [[Australian gold rushes#Notable gold finds that started rushes|Australian gold rushes]] from 1854 which increased profits considerably: supported by his two brothers, the firm began exporting to Australasia in 1854.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|pp=1-2}}<ref name="Penney" >{{cite web |last=Penney |first=John |title=South Gloucestershire Compendium 1914 to 1918 |date=July 2018 |pages=200–202 |url=https://www.gloucestershire.gov.uk/media/ajbdzpxo/south-gloucestershire-compendium-1914-1918-by-john-penny.pdf |access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref> He partnered with [[Charles Wathen]] in 1862 to form [[Bristol Uniforms|Wathen Gardiner & Co.]], now Bristol Uniforms.<ref name="Penney" /> Henry Gardiner soon retired to [[Caterham|Caterham on the Hill]], Surrey, where he bought an estate called Essendene<ref>{{cite web |title=Index to Local History Records and Bulletins |editor-last= Pearce |editor-first=T. D. K |date=2006 |publisher=The Bourne Society |page=109 [pdf 116] |url= https://bournesoc.org.uk/bslivewp/wp-content/uploads/INDEX4b-SECURE.pdf  |access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref> (now demolished)<ref>{{cite web |website=Historic England |title=View of the house and grounds at Essendene seen from the south. |url=https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/photos/item/BL25840/002 |access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref> and died in Caterham in 1884, leaving an estate worth around £70,000 (at least £9,000,000 in 2024.)<ref>{{cite web |title=Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present |website=Measuring Worth |url=https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ukcompare/relativevalue.php?use[]=WAGE&year_early=1884&pound71=70000&shilling71=0&pence71=0&amount=70000&year_source=1884&year_result=2024 |access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref>
His mother was Margaret ''née'' Henderson; Henry John Gardiner was the only son out of six children.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|pp=1-2}}
Gardiner received a "somewhat limited education" leaving school before the age of 16, and worked in a woollen warehouse in Liverpool for two years, 'learning the trade'.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}}
==Career==
===H. J. Gardiner & Co.===
He joined his father's business aged about 19<!--He was born in 1843, so aged about 19--> in Bristol shortly before the latter's retirement in 1862, and then travelled to [[British Columbia]] where he worked in a merchanting house for several years.<ref name="Tamworth Herald" /> Returning to Britain, he formed his own firm, H. J. Gardiner & Co, an import-export merchant shipping company{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=3}} with offices at 1 Gresham Buildings, 70 [[Basinghall Street]], E.C.<ref name="Handbook" />
The firm had agents in [[Boston]] in 1868<ref> {{cite book
|title=The Boston Directory, Volume 64
|place=Boston, MA
|publisher=Sampson & Murdock Company
|date=1868
|page=693
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SFwJAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA693}}</ref> and [[Vancouver]] in 1918<ref>{{cite web |title=821 Powell Street |date=10 January 2019 |last=ChangingCity |website=Changing Vancouver - then and now |url=https://changingvancouver.wordpress.com/2019/01/10/821-powell-street/ |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref> H. J. Gardiner & Co. acted as agents for a number of other companies, including Robert Ward & Co., Merchants and Importers, and Shipping Insurance Agents of [[Victoria, BC]], in 1887;<ref>{{cite book |title=British Columbia Directory, 1887 |editor-last=Mallandaine |editor-first=Edward |place=Victoria, BC |publisher=E. Mallaindaine and R. T. Williams |page=[pdf 376]
|url=https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/bcbooks/1.0222411/0.pdf}}</ref> and also the registered office of the London and [[Blantyre]] Supply Company, Importers, Exporters and General Merchants in 1922.<ref name="Handbook" >{{cite book |title=A Handbook of Nyasaland |last=Murray |first=S. S. |date=1922 |page=Advertisements xxix [pdf 392] |publisher=Published for the Government of Nyasaland by The Crown Agents for the Colonies |place=London |url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofnyasal00mala/page/n392/mode/1up?view=theater }} </ref> H. J. Gardiner & Co. suffered a shipping loss in 1917 during World War I.{{efn|1=The German U-boat [[SM U-81]] sank the steamer ''Port Adelaide'' on 3 February 1917 in the Atlantic Ocean, 180 nautical miles (330 km) south west of the Fastnet Rock.<ref>{{cite web |website=uboat.net |title=Port Adelaide |url=https://uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/4869.html |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> See also [[List of shipwrecks in February 1917#3 February]]. Part of the vessel's cargo was cotton and woolen goods for H J Gardiner and Co. The insurance claim was settled by the government.
{{refn|{{cite web |title=BT 365 - Board of Trade and successors: War Risks Insurance Records: First World War claim settlements |website=National Archives |url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C13358038 |access-date=1 July 2024 |quote=Record No. BT 365/6/6 "Steamer: ''Port Adelaide''. Nature of goods: Cotton and Woolen Goods. Value: £285. Payment to: Chandler, Hargreaves, Whittall and Company.  Assured: H J Gardiner and Company. Date of Settlement: 23/02/1917".<!--end cite -->}}
{{efn|Chandler, Hargreaves, Whittall was a firm of [[insurance broker]]s. The Whitalls were a family of merchants in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |last=Whitall |first=G. W.  |title=The Whitall Family in the 18th & 19th Centuries and Associated Families |others=Edited by John Whittall |pages=91–92 |date=2014 <!--From pdf document properties--> |url=http://levantineheritage.com/pdf/The-Early-Whittalls-G.W.Whittall.pdf |publisher=Levantine Heritage Foundation }}</ref> <!--end efn-->}}<!--end refn-->}}<!--end efn-->}}
Gardiner liquidated the business in around 1922 on the death of his business partner.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=3}}
===Bradbury, Greatorex & Co===
In 1869 aged about 26 <!--He was born 1843--> he invested in the firm of Bradbury, Greatorex & Co., wholesalers of cloth, muslin, linen and imported silks, with warehouses in [[Aldermanbury]], [[Cripplegate#The ward|Cripplegate ward]], London EC2, eventually becoming chairman in around 1895, a position he held until 1939; on retiring he became an honorary director.<ref name="Tamworth Herald"> {{cite news |newspaper=Tamworth Herald |date=10 February 1940 |title=Death of Mr Henry John Gardiner |page=5c |url-access=registration |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000484/19400210/042/0005}}</ref>
Bradbury, Greatorex & Co. was established in 1815 by John Bradbury and Jeremiah Greatorex, with a warehouse in Aldermanbury, in the area which became the centre of the 'rag trade' (the clothing industry) in the City of London. It continued as a privately owned company for over half a century.<ref name="Graces_1914 " /><ref name="Henderson" /> The firm was  instrumental in supporting a new building for the Boys' and Girls' School of Cripplegate Inner Ward which opened in 1838.{{sfn|Baddeley|1922|p=250}} The warehouse burned down in a disastrous fire in 1845, with a total loss of £250,000. The City of London [[Guildhall, City of London|Guildhall]] narrowly escaped extensive damage.{{sfn|Baddeley|1922|p=312}}  The warehouse was rebuilt and enlarged as Nos. 2 - 11 Aldermanbury, with further buildings in Fountain and Dyer's Courts,{{efn|Not to be confused with Fountain Court, [[Temple, London]].}} built in the same street after the fire.{{sfn|Baddeley|1922|p=47-8, 49  [pdf 73]}}
The company was incorporated in 1869,<ref name="Graces_1914 " /> the same year as Gardiner joined the board, and was later converted into a public limited company in 1898 with a capital value of £400,000, and was the seventh largest textile merchant in London.<ref name="COSGB" />  In 1914 there were around about 500 or 600 employees. The firm had representatives in New Zealand, New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia; also in Canada, Nova Scotia, Cape Colony, Natal, the Transvaal, and West Indies.<ref name="Graces_1914 ">{{cite web |title=1914 Who's Who in Business: Company B: Bradbury, Greatorex & Co. Ltd. |website=Grace's Guide to British Industrial History |url=https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/1914_Who's_Who_in_Business:_Company_B |access-date=14 June 2024}}</ref>
The firm issued [[Private overprint|commercial overprint]] postage stamps as receipts for tax payments.<ref name="COSGB" >{{cite web| title=Bradbury Greatorex & Co. Ltd. |website=COSGB |date=5 March 2011 |url=http://cosgb.blogspot.com/2011/03/bradbury-greatorex-co-ltd.html |access-date=14 June 2024}}</ref>
The warehouses, still on the same site, escaped another fire during the night of 29 December 1940 during the [[London Blitz]] through the prompt efforts of the staff who were on fire-watch duty. After the war the firm removed to newly built premises, Ivanhoe House on [[Aldersgate Street]]. The [[Corporation of London]] approved a change of use from warehouse to offices, and the building was finally demolished in around 1987.<ref name="Henderson" >{{cite web |last=Henderson |first=John S. |title=Guildhall Historical Association Papers 1980 to 1989: The City's Textile Industry |date=29 February 1988 |pages=5–7 |url=https://guildhallhistoricalassociation.wordpress.com/papers/papers-1980-to-1989/ |access-date=14 June 2024}}</ref>  The firm became part of [[Courtaulds]] plc in 1984.<ref>{{London Gazette |date=4 September 1984 |issue=49858 |page=12039}}</ref>
After his marriage in 1870 (''see [[#Family life|§ Family life]]'') he lived at 6, Orsett Terrace, [[Westbourne Terrace]], London W2, where his first son, H. Balfour Gardiner was born.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} By 1879 he had moved to [[Eltham]], at the time in [[Kent]], where his second son Alan was born.<ref>{{cite book |title=Charterhouse register, 1872-1910, Volume 2 |page=495 |place=London |publisher=Printed for the Proprietors at the Chiswick Press |date=1911 |quote="Gardiner, Alan Henderson. b. 29  March, 1879:  2  S.  of Henry J. Gardiner, of Eltham" |url=https://archive.org/details/charterhouseregi02charuoft/page/495/mode/1up}}</ref> He was connected with the founding of a Mission Hall in 1884 in Pope Street, Eltham (now Avery Hill Road and Southwood Road, joining Foots Cray Road.)<ref>{{cite book |title=Minutes of proceedings of the Metropolitan Board of Works, January-June 1886 |date=1857 |pages=1177, 278 |url=https://archive.org/details/minutesofproceed1886metr/page/1177/mode/1up?view=theater&q="pope-street" |quote=Plumstead. — Read a Report by the Superintending Architect, dated 22nd June, 1886, on the application of Mr. H. J. Gardiner, for the permission of the Board to retain, for a further period, the temporary wood and iron Mission-hall erected at Pope-street, Eltham.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=River Shuttle - flowing to the Cray. New Eltham |website= Edith's Streets |date=January 24, 2010 |url=http://edithsstreets.blogspot.com/2010/01/shuttle-flowing-to-cray-new-eltham.html |access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref> It closed in 1898.<ref>{{cite web |title=All Saints (aka Pope Street Mission Hall), New Eltham |website=Genuki |url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/KEN/Eltham/AllSaintsakaPopeStreetMissionHall |access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref>
He moved to 25 [[Tavistock Square]], London in around 1890, and also had the use of a house known as "Moody's Down" in [[Sutton Scotney]], Hampshire, where he enjoyed shooting as a recreation.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}}
===Other investments===
He owned a tea plantation estate in the [[Thyolo District|Cholo district]], [[Nyasaland]], now in [[Malawi]].<ref name="Tamworth Herald" /> Connections with a tea plantation in Nyasaland continued with the [[Thyolo District|Cholo]] Land and Rubber Estate Company.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=3}} This seems to be connected with the Nchima Tea and Tung Estate, of which his grandson [[Rolf Gardiner]] became chairman.<ref>{{cite Hansard|house=House of Commons|url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1954/apr/15/nyasaland-economic-development |title=Nyasaland (Economic Development) |date= 15 April 1954|column_start=1358 |column_end=1375|volume=526 }}</ref>
He became a director or chairman of several other companies.{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} He was chairman of the Holborn Viaduct Land Company Crown{{efn|A Crown corporation is a firm established by a state or government, partially run by civil servants. The term "crown corporation" is most common in Commonwealth countries such as Canada, New Zealand, and Australia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Crown Corporation: Overview, Types, Special Consideration |website=Investopedia |url=https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/crowncorporation.asp |access-date=2 June 2024}}</ref>}}  which bought up open land (described as a  "howling wilderness") around the [[Holborn Viaduct]], completed in 1869, where new buildings were put up from around 1875.<ref> {{cite journal |title=Our Office Table |journal=The Building News and Engineering Journal |volume=28 |date=January–June 1875 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hR1JAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA646 |page=646a}}</ref>{{efn|Other directors of the Holborn Land Company in 1904 included [[Charles Morley (Liberal politician)|Charles Morley]] (MP for [[Breconshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Breconshire]] and Honorary Secretary of the [[Royal College of Music]]). See also [[John Haigh]], the "Acid Bath Murderer", who sold fraudulent shares of the company in c.1934.<ref>{{cite book |title=John George Haigh, the Acid-Bath Murderer: A Portrait of a Serial Killer and His Victims |first=Jonathan |last=Oates |publisher=Wharncliffe |date=2014 |isbn=9781783462148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xmVtBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA31}}</ref> }}<!--end efn-->
He was chairman of the Blackwell Colliery Company in [[Newton, Derbyshire]], a director of the [[Bolsover Colliery Company]], Derbyshire, and a director of Kingsbury Collieries Ltd., [[Tamworth, Staffordshire]] from 1903, along with Sir [[George Touche|George A. Touche]] in 1923<ref name="Durham Mining Museum" > {{cite web |title=Kingsbury Collieries Ltd. |website=Durham Mining Museum |url=http://www.dmm.org.uk/company/k1004.htm |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref> becoming chairman in 1934.<ref name="Tamworth Herald" />
He was deputy chairman of the [[Atlas Assurance Company]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Sessional Papers, Vol. L, Part III. Fourth Session of the Fourteenth Legislature of the Province of Ontario, 1918 |date=1918 |page=A 15 |url=https://archive.org/details/n03ontariosessional50ontauoft/page/n314/mode/1up?q=Gardiner |place=Toronto |publisher=A. T. Wilgress}}</ref>{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} and a director of the [[Canadian Bank of Commerce]] (probably the London branch at 2 [[Lombard Street, London|Lombard Street]]).{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}}
He was a member of [[Lloyd's of London]] from 1904.<ref name="Lloyds" >{{cite book |title=Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping, Volume 2 |place=London |publisher=Wyman and Sons |date=1906 |page= 903 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OFIgAQAAMAAJ&dq=H.+J.+Gardiner+%26+Co&pg=PA903 }}</ref>
Although he took no part in the public life of the City of London, Gardiner was elected [[Sheriff of the County of London]] for 1919–1920.<ref name="Tamworth Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=31230|page=3477|date=14 March 1919}}</ref> Sir [[Luke Fildes]] painted a portrait of him, entitled 'Henry John Gardiner, Esq.' (see top of article).<ref>{{cite book |title=Royal Academy Illustrated |date=1884 |page=92 [pdf 140] |place=London |publisher=Walter Judd  |url=https://archive.org/details/royalacademyil1920royauoft/page/n140/mode/1up?q=Gardiner}}</ref>
In 1940 his London address was 8, St. Agnes Court, [[Porchester Terrace]], London W.2.<ref name="Durham Mining Museum" /> <!-- Unpublished MS ''My Early Years'' by Sir Alan Gardiner (1968) includes Includes ''Henry John Gardiner, … A very few reminiscences by his younger son' Digitised MS Gardiner_41-13_ocr.pdf at the Griffith Institute, University of Oxford  griffith.institute@orinst.ox.ac.uk. Unfortunately you can't cite unpublished manuscripts as refs. -->
==Other activities==
Gardiner was a [[Freemason]]. In 1886 he belonged to the Royal Somerset House and Inverness Chapter, No. 4, one of the original four [[masonic lodge]]s which constituted the [[Premier Grand Lodge of England]], now the [[United Grand Lodge of England]].<ref>{{cite journal |journal=The Freemason |date=27 March 1886 |title=Reports of Masonic Meetings: Royal Somerset House and Inverness Chapter (No. 4) |volume=XIX |issue=890 |page=186 |url=https://masonicperiodicals.org/static/media/periodicals/119-FVL-1886-03-27-001-SINGLE.pdf}}</ref> In 1899 he was the third Principal Officer (J).<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Freemason's Chronicle |date=29 April 1899 |volume=XLIX |issue=1266 |page=197 |title=Royal Arch: Supreme Grand Chapter |url=https://masonicperiodicals.org/static/media/periodicals/119-FCN-1899-04-29-001-SINGLE.pdf}}</ref>
He seems to have had a keen interest in the natural world, including plants, geology and geography.
* Letter from Henry J. Gardiner dated 2 September 1876 to Sir [[Joseph Dalton Hooker]], from 60 Queen Victoria Street, London: "Gardiner writes to inform Hooker that he will forward a grass specimen to him on behalf of some Central American clients, an explanation of which is provided in a memorandum [not included]. Gardiner would be grateful to receive any information on the plant. 'Lucopodium[?] furiforme, 'Borg' is added in another hand."<ref>{{cite web |title=Letter from Henry J. Gardiner to Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker |website=Kew Royal Botanic Gardens |url=https://www2.calmview.co.uk/kew/calmview/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=DC%2f204%2f148 |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref> <!-- https://newspaperarchive.com/london-daily-news-dec-02-1876-p-1 - WOT??? -->
* Letter dated 6 August 1889 from H. J. Gardiner & Co at 1 Gresham Buildings to [[George Nicholson (horticulturist)|George Nicholson]] at the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]. "Gardiner & Co write in conjunction with Mr Gov. Wilczynski 'late of San Lorenzo, Ecuador', regarding seeds and fruits from the Cauca Valley which they had forwarded to RBG Kew. Gardiner & Co request that once Nicholson has received them, he confirm their safe arrival. Annotations indicate that 13 packets of seeds were received unnamed; they are described as a 'rubbishy' collection."<ref>{{cite web |title=Letter from H. J. Gardiner & Co to George Nicholson |website=Kew Royal Botanic Gardens |url=https://www2.calmview.co.uk/kew/calmview/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=DC%2F204%2F608 |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref>
He became a member of the [[Royal Geographical Society]] in 1873.<ref>{{cite book |title=Journal of the Royal Geographic Society of London |volume=44 |date=1874 |page=xliv [pdf 52] |place=London |publisher=John Murray |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/The_journal_of_the_Royal_Geographic_Society_of_London._Volume_44%2C_1874._%28IA_s572id13663820%29.pdf}}</ref>
He was a Member of the [[Geological Society of London|Geological Society]]. A scrapbook contains an example of his signature.<ref>{{cite web |title=M.S. Johnston album 1 - index, GA 'Carreck Archive', page 83 |url=https://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/M.S._Johnston_album_1_-_index,_GA_'Carreck_Archive' |publisher=[[Geological Society of London|British Geological Society]] }} NB click on 'Page 83' for scan of the page; Gardiner's signature appears on 3rd line down, 2nd from left.</ref> In 1936 the [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]] acquired a collection of rocks described by him: "A general collection of about three hundred specimens, including some from the [[Exhibition of 1851]], and various rocks originally described by Prof. H. L. Reynolds and Mr. H. J. Gardiner have been bought."<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Nature |volume =37 |pages=355–356 |date=29 February 1936 |title=Recent Acquisitions at the Natural History Museum |issue =3461 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/137355d0 |doi=10.1038/137355d0 |bibcode =1936Natur.137T.355. }}</ref>
He also made two donations to the [[British Museum]]: in 1871 a [[Mask#North America|'medicine mask']] from the [[Tlingit]] people in [[Sitka, Alaska]]: "When living in Vancouver Island, a [[Hudson's Bay Company]] Captain obtained for me at my request from the Indians who inhabit the mainland of the neighbourhood of Sitka, a wooden painted medicine Mask, used at the Indian feasts; and I believe they are very scarce now ..."<ref>{{cite web |title=BM number: Am.7184 - Medicine Mask |website=British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/E_Am-7184 |access-date=1 July 2024}} "The image will be released to you under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license."</ref> and in 1910, a small three-spouted vase or vessel from Nicaragua.<ref>{{cite web |title=BM number: Am1910,0608.6. Vase; vessel |quote=Black burnished pottery vase with three spouts. Broken, fragile. 5.5 cm height, 6 cm diameter. Found/acquired in Nicaragua |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/E_Am1910-0608-6 |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>
==Death==
[[File:Eltham, St John the Baptist - geograph.org.uk - 6362462.jpg|thumb|St John the Baptist, Eltham  where he was buried]]
Gardiner died on 2 February 1940 aged 96, at his country home of Wonston, [[Sutton Scotney]], Hampshire.<ref name="Tamworth Herald" /> He was buried on 13 February 1940 at St John the Baptist church, Eltham.{{cn|date=July 2024}}
[[Probate]]: 20 May 1940 - £372, 210 approx  £17 million in 2024.  Executors: Balfour and Alan Gardiner; a solicitor; and Frank Gardiner Fedden, a retired [[chartered accountant]] and perhaps a relative.{{efn|F. G. Fedden joined the Institute of Chartered Accountants in 1892.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Institute of Chartered Accountants: List of members, 1904, Royal charter and bye-laws |date=1904 |page=233 |url=https://archive.org/details/listofmembers19000instrich/page/232/mode/1up |quote=Feb. 1892: Fedden, Frank Gardiner, (Bryden, Fedden & Co.), 23 Bucklersbury, E.C.}}</ref> A later business address was 108a [[Cannon Street]], London EC4.<ref>{{cite book |title=Repton School register: supplement to 1910 edition |url=https://ia600905.us.archive.org/24/items/reptonschoolregi00messuoft/reptonschoolregi00messuoft.pdf |page=91 [pdf 127] |publisher=Old Reptonian Society |date=1922}}</ref> He lived at "Four Winds", [[Cleeve Lock|Cleeve]], [[Goring-on-Thames]], Oxfordshire.<ref>{{cite book |title=British Archaeological Association Officers and Council and List of Associates 1935 |series=Second Series |date=1935 |volume=40 |issue=2 |doi=10.1080/00681288.1935.11893723}}</ref> He was the son of S. Fedden, Ealing. He was an [[ice skating|ice skater]] with Wimbledon Skating Team, won medals etc.<!--end efn-->}}
==Family life==
He married Clara Elizabeth ''née'' Honey,{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} on 31 May 1870 at [[Holy Trinity, Paddington|Holy Trinity church]], Westbourne Terrace, Paddington,{{cn|date=June 2024}} with whom he had two sons, the composer [[Henry Balfour Gardiner]] (who always signed himself "H. Balfour Gardiner") and [[Alan Gardiner|Alan Henderson Gardiner]], a renowned Egyptologist, apparently named after his grandmother, Margaret née Henderson.{{cn|date=June 2024}} His wife Clara died not long after giving birth to their second son,{{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p=2}} and Gardiner seems not to have remarried.
==References==
;Notes
{{notelist}}
;Citations
{{reflist}}
===Bibliography===
* {{cite book  <!-- {{sfn|Baddeley|1922|p -->
|last=Baddeley
|first=John James
|author-link=John James Baddeley
|title=Cripplegate: One of the Twenty-Six Wards of the City of London
|place=London
|publisher=Hodder & Stoughton
|date=1922
|url=https://archive.org/details/cripplegateoneof00badd}}
* {{cite book <!-- {{sfn|Lloyd|2005|p  -->
|last=Lloyd
|first=Stephen
|title= H. Balfour Gardiner
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=2005
|isbn=9780521619226
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NHdVK2-3ITkC}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gardiner, Henry John}}
[[category:1843 births]]
[[category:1940 deaths]]
[[category:British businesspeople]]
[[category:People from Bristol]]
[[Category:High sheriffs of the County of London]]