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{{Infobox military person
| name        =  Homer B. Roberts
| image       = <!-- just the filename, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| alt         =
| caption     =
| birth_name  =
| birth_date  = {{Birth year|1885}}
| birth_place = [[Springfield, Missouri]], U.S.
| death_date  = {{Death year and age|1952|1885}}
| death_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], U.S.
| allegiance  = {{Flagu|United States|name=United States of America|1912}}
| branch      = {{Dodseal|War}} [[United States Army]]
| unit        = [[Signal Corps (United States Army)|United States Army Signal Corps]]
| rank        = [[Lieutenant]]
| battles     = [[World War I]]
| laterwork   = Retail auto salesman, first black auto dealer, built the first shopping mall
}}
'''Homer B. Roberts'''  (1885–1952) was a graduate of [[Kansas State Agricultural College]] and veteran of World War I who was the first black man to attain the rank of lieutenant in the United States [[Army Signal Corps]]. He began his auto business by placing ads in the local paper advertising used cars. By the end of 1919, Roberts had negotiated over 60 car sales exclusively for African-American buyers. He hired two salesmen to work his lot, offered auto insurance and payment terms to customers, and later founded Roberts Motors, the first African-American owned car dealership in the United States.<ref name="homerroberts.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.homerroberts.com/newsletter.html|title=History|access-date=2016-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510150240/http://www.homerroberts.com/newsletter.html|archive-date=2017-05-10|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== Career==
[[File:1923 Marmon 34B 2-seater Speedster, Lime Rock.jpg|thumb|Late (1923) Marmon 34B 2-passenger Speedster]]
Roberts understood the power of advertising, targeting ads in ''The Kansas City Sun'', the prominent local African-American newspaper. His 'cutting edge' advertisements were quickly responded to by the  black community and his business prospered. By 1921, he had acquired offices and showrooms, hired two salesmen and increased sales to meet the growing business.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20001120/ANA/11200751/first-black-dealer:homer-roberts-in-1923|title=First black dealer|date=13 December 2005}}</ref>
=== Dealerships ===
With his success at capturing the negro market, many small, niche auto manufacturers entered into sales agreements with Roberts. Smaller companies like Hupmobile, Rickenbacker, Whippet, and Marmon saw potential in the negro market and also backed his business, landing him franchises by [[Hupmobile]] in 1923 and by [[Rickenbacker (car)|Rickenbacker]] in 1925. He had also signed a local [[Oldsmobile]] dealer to a distributorship arrangement in 1923 that bore fruit under the Oldsmobile banner. This also helped Roberts to land a [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] franchise that grew to feature an auto repair shop, a parts store, and a 60-car showroom. By 1925, his dealership, Roberts Co. Motor Mart, was ranked third in the United States for its sales of the Rickenbacker automobile.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rickenbackermotors.com/hrm/hrm.html|title=Rickenbacker Club of America}}</ref> A new facility, when completed would offer painting, tires, repairs, accessories, upholstering, batteries, and a filling station.<ref name="homerroberts.com" />
=== Roberts Co. Motor Mart. ===
July 29, 1923 the formal opening of the new building named Roberts Company Motor Mart. was attended by over 3000 people and later that year the Roberts Company was selling brand new Oldsmobiles, an auto made in Detroit by General Motors. 1924 saw the Roberts company as an Oldsmobile dealer which sold hundreds Of [[Oldsmobile straight-6 engine|Oldsmobile 6's]].  It included a 1,750-square-foot showroom, offices and service areas along with space to store and display 60 vehicles. At its peak, the business employed 55 blacks in the various endeavors. Later he opened a second dealership in Chicago. He advertised daily in The Kansas City Call, the largest African-American newspaper in Kansas City. During this period he was a broker for 15 white dealers in the Kansas City area who preferred not to have blacks mingling with their other customers in their showrooms.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=93SDBwAAQBAJ&pg=GBS.PA77 |page=77 |title=Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events |first=Jessie Carney |last=Smith }}</ref> He then partnered with 2 black businessmen in Kansas City and a Hupmobile dealership under Thomas 'Big Piney' Brown remained at this location until 1929.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collisionworksokc.com/2016/01/02/black-history-month-pioneering-african-american-in-the-automotive-industry-homer-b-roberts/|title=Black History Month: Pioneering African American in the Automotive Industry – Homer B. Roberts|work=Collision Works|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223204510/http://www.collisionworksokc.com/2016/01/02/black-history-month-pioneering-african-american-in-the-automotive-industry-homer-b-roberts/|archive-date=23 February 2016}}</ref>
In 1928, Roberts and the other businessman, Kenneth Campbell Jr., moved to Chicago and in 1929 opened a second Hupmobile dealership, located at the Hotel Grand on South Parkway. It was the second black-owned automobile dealership in America.
Both the Kansas City and Chicago dealerships were named Roberts-Campbell Motors Inc. 'Big Piney' Brown managed the Kansas City dealership until it closed in 1929. Due to the depression and the failure of the Chicago showrooms, Roberts subsequently let the Kansas City showroom falter, eventually closing the operation.  By then, Hupmobile had appointed Harry Williams, a black, as a replacement in 1930, but little else about the dealership is available, it was closed shortly thereafter. Today, the Roberts Motor Mart still has a dealership operating in Kansas City.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robertscompanymotormart.com/|title=Roberts Company Motor Mart – Kansas City, MO 64111}}</ref>
After the closing of his dealerships, Roberts worked as a salesman for local white dealers who wanted to appeal to black customers.
==Legacy==
* The Kansas City Automotive Museum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kansascityautomuseum.com/|title=Kansas City Auto Museum}}</ref> honors this pioneer with the Homer B. Roberts showroom which showcases automobiles from the era.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotoDirectLink-g38954-d6890482-i107048600-Kansas_City_Automotive_Museum-Olathe_Kansas.html|title=Homer B. Roberts showroom – Picture of Kansas City Automotive Museum, Olathe}}</ref>
* Roberts is featured on the documentary series ''[[Profiles of African-American Success]]''.
== See also ==
[[File:'41 Hupp badge.JPG|thumb|upright|70px|Hupp grille badge, on a 1941 Skylark]]
* [[List of African-American firsts]]
* [[Marmon Motor Car Company]]
* [[Evanair-Conditioner]]
* [[Greyhound Lines]] A 7-passenger [[Hupmobile]] was the first Greyhound vehicle.
* [[National Football League]] First meeting was held in a Hupmobile showroom in Canton, Ohio
* [[List of automobile manufacturers]]
* [[Frederick Patterson]]
* [[Eddie Rickenbacker]]
* [[Edward Davis (car dealer)]]
* [[Sarah Rector]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Roberts, Homer B.}}
[[Category:1885 births]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:American automobile salespeople]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American businesspeople]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:African-American history in Detroit]]
[[Category:African-American United States Army personnel]]
[[Category:American automotive pioneers]]
[[Category:Kansas State University alumni]]
[[Category:United States Army officers]]
[[Category:African Americans in World War I]]
[[Category:People from Springfield, Missouri]]